Indlela yokuxosha umqashi eNingizimu Afrika: Izinyathelo zomthetho 2026

Ukuxosha umqashi eNingizimu Afrika kungenye yezimo ezicindezela kakhulu umnini-ndlu angahlangabezana nazo. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi umqashi wakho uyekile ukukhokha irenti, waphula inkontileka, noma nje enqaba ukuphuma ngemva kokuthi isikhathi senkontileka siphelile, kunento eyodwa ecacile: ukuzixosha ngokwakho ngaphandle kwenkantolo akuyona okomthetho.

Awukwazi ukushintsha amakhiye ekhukhwini. Awukwazi ukunquma ugesi. Awukwazi ukususa impahla yomqashi. Ukwenza noma yikuphi kwalokhu, noma ungazizwa unesizathu esanele kangakanani, kungakubangela amacala obugebengu kanye nendaba yomthetho womphakathi (civil liability).

Lo mhlahlandlela uzokuhambisa isinyathelo ngesinyathelo enqubweni yomthetho yokuxosha eNingizimu Afrika.

Kungani ukuzixosha ngokwakho kuyicala

Umthetho i-Prevention of Illegal Eviction from and Unlawful Occupation of Land Act (i-PIE Act, uMthetho 19 ka-1998) wenza kube yicala lobugebengu ukuxosha noma ubani ngaphandle kwesimemezelo senkantolo. Lokhu kusebenza kungakhathaliseki ukuthi umuntu ungumqashi, umqashi ongaphansi (subtenant), noma umhlali ongekho emthethweni.

Izijeziso zokuxosha ngokungemthetho zihlanganisa:

Inhlawulo
Ukuboshwa okungafinyelela ezinyangeni ezingama-24 (iminyaka emibili)
Izimangalo zomphakathi zesinxephezelo ezivela kumuntu oxoshiwe

Umthetho i-PIE Act ukhona ukuze uvimbele ukungabi nakhaya futhi kuqinisekiswe ukuthi ukuxoshwa kwenziwa ngenqubo efanele. Ngisho noma umqashi ephule ngokusobala inkontileka, kufanele ulandele indlela yomthetho.

Uguquko luyeza, kodwa aluguquli lutho kokushiwo ngenhla. UMnyango Wezindawo Zokuhlala ushicilele i-Prevention of Illegal Eviction from and Unlawful Occupation of Land Amendment Bill ukuze kuphawulwe ngumphakathi ngomhla zi-16 kuMbasa (April) 2026. Awuthinti inqubo yokuxoshwa kwabaqashi echazwe kulo mhlahlandlela: uqondene nabantu abahlela, abakhuthaza, noma abalungiselela ukuhlala emhlabeni ngokungekho emthethweni, uphakamisa isijeziso esifinyelela eminyakeni emihlanu yokuboshwa kulelo cala (kwenyuke esimweni samanje esifinyelela eminyakeni emibili), kanye nezinhlawulo ezifinyelela ku-R2 million kanye nokuthathwa kwempahla kunoma ubani othengisa ngenkohliso umhlaba noma impahla angeyakhe. Kusukela ngasekupheleni kukaNtulikazi (July) 2026, lo mThethosivivinywa usesigabeni sokuphawulwa ngumphakathi; usuku lokugcina lokuphawula lwelulwe kusuka ku-6 kuNtulikazi kuya ku-6 kuNcwaba (August) 2026 ngemuva kwezicelo ezivela ezinhlanganweni zomphakathi, futhi awukakethulwa ePhalamende noma wasayindwa waba umthetho. Sizoyibuyekeza le mihlahlandlela uma isivele iqediwe.

Izizathu zokuxosha

Ngaphambi kokuqala inqubo, qiniseka ukuthi unezizathu ezisemthethweni. Izizathu ezivamile zihlanganisa:

Ukungakhokhi irenti, umqashi usemuva ngokukhokha futhi wehlulekile ukulungisa ukwephula ngemva kwesaziso esibhaliwe
Ukwephula inkontileka, umqashi uphule isivumelwano esibalulekile senkontileka (ukuqashisa kabusha ngaphandle kwemvume, ukwenza umsebenzi ongekho emthethweni, ukubangela umonakalo)
Ukuphelelwa yisikhathi senkontileka, inkontileka yesikhathi esimisiwe isiphelile futhi umqashi enqaba ukuphuma
Ukukhanselwa ngaphansi kwe-CPA, umqashi noma umnini-ndlu ukhansele inkontileka ngokwe-Consumer Protection Act

Uma umqashi enenkontileka yenyanga kuya kwenyanga futhi ufuna nje ukuthi aphume, kufanele umnikeze isaziso esibhaliwe senyanga eyodwa yekhalendari (esitholakala ngosuku lokuqala noma ngaphambi kwalo lwenyanga).

Inqubo yomthetho yokuxosha isinyathelo ngesinyathelo

Isinyathelo 1: Thumela isaziso esibhaliwe sokwephula

Ngaphambi kokuthi ufake isicelo enkantolo, kufanele unikeze umqashi isaziso esibhaliwe sokuthi alungise ukwephula. Lokhu kuvame ukubizwa ngokuthi “incwadi yesimemezelo” noma “isaziso sokwephula”.

Isaziso kufanele:

Sibe sibhaliwe (i-imeyili iyamukelekile kodwa iposi elibhaliswayo liphephe kakhudlwana)
Sichaze ngokucacile ukwephula (isb. “irenti kaJanuwari 2026 esilinganiselwa ku-R8 500 isasele ingakhokhelwa”)
Sinike umqashi isikhathi esanele sokulungisa ukwephula, ngokuvamile izinsuku zebhizinisi ezingama-20 ezinkontilekeni ezilawulwa yi-CPA, noma isikhathi esichazwe enkontilekeni (ngokuvamile izinsuku ezingama-7 kuya kwezili-14)
Sisho ukuthi ukwehluleka ukulungisa ukwephula kuzoholela ekukhanselweni kwenkontileka nasenqubweni yomthetho

Gcina ubufakazi bokulethwa. Uzokudinga lokhu enkantolo.

Isinyathelo 2: Khansela inkontileka

Uma umqashi ehluleka ukulungisa ukwephula ngaphakathi kwesikhathi sesaziso, ungakhansela inkontileka. Thumela isaziso esibhaliwe sokukhansela esisho:

Inkontileka ikhanselwe kusukela ngosuku oluthile
Umqashi kufanele aphume endaweni ngalolo suku
Ukwehluleka ukuphuma kuzoholela esicelweni sokuxoshwa

Isinyathelo 3: Zama ukulamula (kungakhethwa kodwa kunconywa)

Ngaphambi kokuya enkantolo, cabangela ukulamula nge-Rental Housing Tribunal. Ukuze uthole okwengeziwe ngezibopho zomnini-ndlu nokuxazululwa kwezingxabano, bheka umhlahlandlela wethu wokuba ngumnini-ndlu eNingizimu Afrika. Izinqubo ze-Tribunal:

Zimahhala kuwo womabili amaqembu
Zisheshayo kunenkantolo (ngokuvamile amasonto ambalwa uma kuqhathaniswa nezinyanga eziningi)
Ziyabophezela, izinqumo zingaphoqelelwa nge-Magistrate’s Court

Ukulamula kuwusizo ikakhulukazi lapho umqashi ezimisele ukuxoxisana (isb. uhlelo lokukhokha ngokwehlukanisa amabhalansi asele) kodwa ubudlelwane sebuphukile.

Isinyathelo 4: Faka isicelo enkantolo sesimemezelo sokuxoshwa

Uma umqashi elokhu enqaba ukuphuma, kufanele ufake isicelo e-Magistrate’s Court (noma i-High Court) sesimemezelo sokuxoshwa ngaphansi kwe-PIE Act.

Isicelo sakho kufanele sifake:

Ikhophi yesivumelwano senkontileka
Isaziso sokwephula nobufakazi bokulethwa
Isaziso sokukhansela nobufakazi bokulethwa
I-afidavithi echaza izimo
Imininingwane yabahlali (kuhlanganise ukuthi kukhona izingane, abantu abadala, noma abantu abakhubazekile, inkantolo iyakucabangela lokhu)

Inkantolo izomisa usuku lokuzwa icala. Bobabili umnini-ndlu nomqashi bazothola ithuba lokwethula icala labo.

Isinyathelo 5: Woza ekuzweni kwecala enkantolo

Ekuzweni kwecala, inkantolo izocabangela:

Ukuthi ingabe isaziso esifanele sanikezwa
Ukuthi ingabe ukuxoshwa “kufanele futhi kulingene” ngokwesimo
Amalungelo nezidingo zabahlali (ikakhulukazi abantu abasengcupheni)
Ukuthi ingabe indawo yokuhlala engenye iyatholakala
Ubude besikhathi bokuhlala

Uma inkantolo yaneliseka, izokhipha isimemezelo sokuxoshwa esichaza usuku umqashi okumele aphume ngalo.

Isinyathelo 6: Ukwenziwa umphathisimemezelo (sheriff)

Uma umqashi engaphumi ngosuku olusesimemezelweni senkantolo, umphathisimemezelo wenkantolo uzowuqhuba umsebenzi wokuxosha. Ngumphathisimemezelo kuphela ongasusa umqashi nempahla yakhe ngokoqobo endaweni.

Awukwazi ukuzithathela izinto ngezandla zakho kunoma yisiphi isigaba senqubo.

Ukuxosha kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani?

Izikhathi zokuxoshwa ziyahluka kakhulu kuye ngobunzima becala nohlelo lwenkantolo:

Isikhathi sesaziso sokwephula: izinsuku zebhizinisi ezingama-7 kuya kwezili-20
Ukulamula (i-Tribunal): amasonto ama-2 kuya kwama-6
Isicelo enkantolo kuya ekuzweni kwecala: amasonto ama-4 kuya kwama-12
Isimemezelo senkantolo kuya ekwenziweni umphathisimemezelo: amasonto ama-2 kuya kwama-4

Sekukonke, ukuxoshwa okungajwayelekile kokuxaka kusukela esazisweni sokuqala kuya ekususweni ngokoqobo ngokuvamile kuthatha izinyanga ezi-3 kuya kwezi-6. Amacala anzima, ikakhulukazi lawo ahilela abahlali abasengcupheni, angathatha isikhathi eside.

Ukuxosha kubiza malini?

Ukuxosha akushibhile. Izindleko ezivamile zihlanganisa:

Izimali zommeli: R8 000-R25 000 kuye ngobunzima becala
Izimali zenkantolo: R500-R2 000 zokufaka isicelo nokusabalalisa
Izimali zomphathisimemezelo: R2 000-R5 000 zokwenza umsebenzi
Irenti elahlekile: izinyanga ezi-3 kuya kwezi-6 kunoma imalini yerenti yenyanga efanele

Endaweni eqashiswa ngo-R10 000/ngenyanga, ukuxoshwa okuphikiswayo kungabiza kalula R50 000-R80 000 uma ubala izindleko zomthetho nerenti elahlekile. Yingakho ukuhlolwa kwabaqashi okucophelela kubaluleke kangaka, izindleko zomqashi ongelona ihlelo zivame ukudlula i-akhawunti yokuxosha uma sekuhlanganiswe irenti elahlekile nezindleko zomthetho.

Okumele ukwenze uma umqashi eyeka ukukhokha kodwa engaphumi

Lesi yisimo esivame kakhulu sokuxosha. Nansi uhlelo lwakho lokuqhuba:

Xhumana nomqashi ngokushesha, ngezinye izikhathi kube isimo sezimali esiwumzuzwana futhi kungahlelwa uhlelo lokukhokha
Thumela isaziso sokwephula ngosuku lokuqala lokungakhokhi, ungalindi izinyanga uthemba ukuthi bazobamba
Bhala phansi konke, gcina yonke imilayezo, ama-imeyili, kanye namarekhodi okukhokha
Ungamukeli izinkokhelo ezingaphelele ngemva kokukhansela, lokhu kungabuyisela inkontileka ngokungahlelekile
Faka isicelo enkantolo ngokushesha, inyanga ngayinye oyibambezela iyinyanga eyodwa engeziwe yerenti elahlekile
Faka isikhalazo se-Tribunal ngesikhathi esifanayo, i-Tribunal ngezinye izikhathi ingasheshisa isisombululo

Ukuxazululwa kwezingxabano okwehlukile

Akuwona wonke amasimo okungakhokhi adinga inkantolo. I-Rental Housing Tribunal inikeza ukuxazululwa kwezingxabano kwamahhala okungaholela:

Kuhlelo lokukhokha oluvunyelwene ngalo
Esimemezelweni esiyabophezela sokuthi umqashi aphume ngosuku oluthile
Esinxephezelweni somnini-ndlu

Izinqubo ze-Tribunal azihlaseli kakhulu njengenkantolo futhi zingagcina ubudlelwane obusebenzayo uma umqashi ebhekene nobunzima besikhashana.

Indlela ukuhlolwa kwehlisela ngayo ubungozi bokuxosha

Ukuxosha okuhle kakhulu yilokho ongazange uphinde ubhekane nakho. Ukuhlolwa kwabaqashi okucophelela kwehlisa kakhulu amathuba okungakhokhi nokwephula:

Ukuhlolwa kwesikweletu kuveza izikweletu ezikhona kanye nomlando wokukhokha
Ukuqinisekiswa komsebenzi kuqinisekisa imali engenayo ezinzile
Ukuhlaziywa kokukwazi ukukhokha kuqinisekisa ukuthi irenti ingaphansi kwamandla omqashi okukhokha (umthetho ka-30%)
Izinkomba zabanini-ndlu bangaphambilini ziveza abantu abaphinda baphule izivumelwano
Ukulinganiswa kobungozi bokuziphatha kukhomba amaphethini abikezela ukungakhokhi kwesikhathi esizayo

Umhlahlandlela wethu wokuhlolwa kwabaqashi okusekelwe ku-AI eNingizimu Afrika uchaza indlela yokuhlanganisa ukuhlolwa kwesikweletu, ukuqinisekiswa komsebenzi, kanye nezinkomba kube inqubo eyodwa ukuze uthole iphrofayela yobungozi ecacile ngaphambi kokunikeza ukhiye.

Imibuzo evame ukubuzwa

Ngingamxosha umqashi okhokha irenti kodwa ephula ezinye izimo zenkontileka? Yebo, uma ukwephula kuyinto ebalulekile. Ukungakhokhi kuyisizathu esivamile kakhulu, kodwa ukwephula okuqhubekayo kwemithetho yomsindo, umsebenzi ongekho emthethweni, ukuqashisa kabusha okungagunyaziwe, noma umonakalo omkhulu wempahla konke kuyizizathu ezisemthethweni zokuxosha.

Kuthiwani uma umqashi enezingane? Inkantolo kufanele icabangele izinzuzo ezingcono zezingane lapho inikeza izimemezelo zokuxosha. Lokhu akusho ukuthi ukuxosha akwenzeki, kusho ukuthi inkantolo ingavumela isikhathi eside sokuphuma noma idinge ukuthi umasipala asize ngendawo yokuhlala engenye.

Ingabe i-body corporate ingamxosha umqashi? I-body corporate ayikwazi ukumxosha umqashi ngokuqondile, kodwa ingathatha isinyathelo ngokumelene nomnini-ndlu (umnikazi weyunithi) ngenxa yokwephula komqashi imithetho yokuziphatha. Umnini-ndlu uzobe esedinga ukumxosha umqashi.

Kuliqiniso yini ukuthi awukwazi ukuxosha ebusika? Cha. Awukho umthetho ovimbela ukuxosha ebusika. Nokho, izinkantolo zingacabangela izimo zesimo sezulu lapho zimisa izinsuku zokuphuma, ikakhulukazi kwabahlali abasengcupheni.

Ngingakwazi ukufuna irenti elahlekile kumqashi ngemva kokuxoshwa? Yebo. Ungaphehlela isimangalo somphakathi esihlukile sesikweletu serenti kanye nesinxephezelo. Empeleni, ukubuyisela imali kumqashi obengakwazi nokukhokha irenti ekuqaleni kungaba nzima, okugcina kuqinisekisa kabusha ukubaluleka kokuhlolwa kwabaqashi.

Ukuxosha umqashi eNingizimu Afrika kungabiza u-R50 000 noma ngaphezulu futhi kuthathe izinyanga ezi-3 kuya kwezi-6. Indlela engcono kunazo zonke yokugwema ukuxosha ukuhlola abaqashi ngokucophelela ngaphambi kokuba bangene. Bheka ukuthi ukuhlolwa kwabaqashi nokuphathwa kwenkontileka kungayehlisa kanjani ubungozi bakho bokuxosha.