Ukuthobela i-POPIA Kwabanikazi Bezindlu Abahlola Abaqashi

Selokhu i-Protection of Personal Information Act (POPIA) yaqala ukusebenza ngokugcwele ngomhla ziyi-1 kuJulayi 2021, ukuthobela i-POPIA kubanikazi bezindlu kuyisibopho ngokomthetho. Wonke umnikazi wendlu waseNingizimu Afrika oqoqa idatha yomqashi, okusho wonke umnikazi wendlu ohlola abafaki bezicelo, unezibopho zomthetho mayelana nokuthi leyo datha iqoqwa, igcinwa, isetshenziswa kanjani, futhi ekugcineni isuswa kanjani.

Uma unganaki i-POPIA, uba sengozini yezinhlawulo ezingafinyelela ku-R10 million, ukuboshwa, noma kokubili. Ngokusebenzayo, umqashi ozizwa sengathi idatha yakhe iphathwe kabi angafaka isikhalazo ku-Information Regulator, okuqala uphenyo okungafunwa muntu.

Lo mhlahlandlela uchaza ngokunembile ukuthi i-POPIA idingani kubanikazi bezindlu nokuthi bangahlala kanjani bethobela ngaphandle kokuminzwa emaphepheni.

Yini i-POPIA Futhi Kubalulekile Kanjani Kubanikazi Bezindlu?

I-POPIA umthetho waseNingizimu Afrika wokuvikela idatha, owakhelwe ngendlela efana ne-GDPR yase-EU. Ilawula ukucutshungulwa kolwazi lomuntu siqu ngunoma imuphi umuntu noma inhlangano, kuhlanganise abanikazi bezindlu ngabanye nabaphathi bezakhiwo.

Njengomnikazi wendlu, ucubungula ulwazi lomuntu siqu noma nini lapho:

Uqoqa ifomu lesicelo sokuqasha
Wenza ukuhlolwa kwesikweletu nge-TPN, TransUnion, noma i-Experian
Uqinisekisa ubunikazi bomfaki sicelo (inombolo ye-ID, ipasipoti)
Uxhumana nomqashisi ukuze uqinisekise umholo
Uthola izincomo kubanikazi bezindlu abandulele
Ugcina imininingwane yokuxhumana yomqashi, izivumelwano zokuqasha, noma amarekhodi okukhokhwa

Zonke lezi zenzo ziphansi kwe-POPIA. Wena uyiqembu elibhekelele (umuntu onquma inhloso nendlela yokucubungula), futhi umqashi noma umfaki sicelo ungumuntu wedatha (umuntu olwazi lwakhe lucutshungulwa).

Uma Imvume Ebhaliwe Idingeka

Ngaphansi kwe-POPIA Isigaba 11, ulwazi lomuntu siqu kufanele lucutshungulwe ngokomthetho. Kubanikazi bezindlu, isisekelo somthetho esibaluleke kakhulu imvume, ikakhulukazi lapho kwenziwa ukuhlolwa kwesikweletu nokuhlolwa kwemuva. Ukuze uthole inqubo ephelele, bheka umhlahlandlela wethu wokuhlola abaqashi eNingizimu Afrika.

Ngaphambi Kokuhlolwa Kwanoma Yisiphi Isikweletu

Kufanele uthole imvume ebhaliwe yomfaki sicelo ngaphambi kokuthi:

Wenze ukuhlolwa kwesikweletu naliphi ibhuro (TPN, TransUnion, Experian)
Ufinyelele irekhodi labo lobugebengu
Wenze ukuseshwa ehhovisi lama-deeds
Uqinisekise ubunikazi babo ngesevisi yangaphandle (third-party)

Imvume kufanele:

Iqondiswe ngqo, ichaze ngokunembile ukuthi yiziphi izinhlolo ozozenza
Yaziswe, umfaki sicelo kufanele aqonde ukuthi uvumelana nani
Ibe ngokuzithandela, umfaki sicelo akufanele aphoqwe (nakuba ungakwenza ukuhlolwa kube yingxenye edingekayo yenqubo yakho yesicelo)
Ibhalwe noma iqoshwe, imvume yomlomo inzima ukuyifakazela

Isibonelo Solimi Lwefomu Lemvume Ye-POPIA

Nasi ulimi ongalushintshashintsha ufakele ifomu lakho lemvume:

Mina, [Igama Eliphelele], inombolo ye-ID [Inombolo Ye-ID], ngiyavuma ngalokhu ukuthi [Igama Lomnikazi Wendlu / Indlu (Pty) Ltd] ucubungule ulwazi lwami lomuntu siqu ngenhloso yokuhlola isicelo sami sokuqasha isakhiwo esise [Ikheli Lesakhiwo].

Ngiyaqonda ukuthi lokhu kucutshungulwa kungahlanganisa:

Ukuhlolwa kwesikweletu nge-TPN, TransUnion, futhi/noma i-Experian

Ukuqinisekiswa kobunikazi bami ngu-Department of Home Affairs

Ukuqinisekiswa komsebenzi wami nemali engenayo nomqashisi wami wamanje

Ukuxhumana nabanikazi bezindlu abandulele ngezincomo zokuqasha

Ukuseshwa ehhovisi lama-deeds

Ngiyaqonda ukuthi ulwazi lwami luzogcinwa ngokuphephile futhi lugcinwe kuphela isikhathi esidingekayo ukufeza inhloso ebalwe ngenhla. Ngiyalazi ilungelo lami lokufinyelela, ukulungisa, noma ukucela ukususwa kolwazi lwami lomuntu siqu.

Isignesha: _________________ Usuku: _________________

Iyiphi Idatha Ongayiqoqa Nokuyigcina

Umgomo wokuncishiswa we-POPIA (Isigaba 10) usho ukuthi kufanele uqoqe kuphela ulwazi oluhlobene ngqo nenhloso okwenzelwa yona. Ekuhloleni abaqashi, idatha ehlobene ihlanganisa:

Okuvunyelwe ukuqoqwa:

Igama eliphelele nesibongo
Inombolo ye-ID noma ipasipoti
Imininingwane yokuxhumana (ucingo, i-imeyili, ikheli langempela)
Imininingwane yomsebenzi (igama lomqashisi, isikhundla, isikhathi)
Ulwazi lwemali engenayo (umholo, eminye imithombo yemali engenayo)
Imiphumela yokuhlolwa kwesikweletu
Umlando wokuqasha wangaphambilini nezincomo zabanikazi bezindlu
Imininingwane ye-akhawunti yasebhange (yokukhokhwa kwerenti nge-debit order)

Okungadingekile ekuhloleni (kugwemeni ukuqoqwa):

Amarekhodi ezempilo noma ulwazi lwezempilo
Ukuhlangana kwezepolitiki noma ubulungu bephathi
Izinkolelo zenkolo
Ubulili ongathandana nabo (sexual orientation)
Idatha ye-biometric (izigxivizo zeminwe, ukubonwa kobuso), ngaphandle uma kudingeka ngqo ukungena esakhiweni

Uma uqoqa ulwazi olusensitivi (isb. amarekhodi obugebengu njengengxenye yokuhlolwa kwemuva), udinga imvume ecacile yalolo hlobo oluthile lwedatha. I-umhlahlandlela wethu wokuhlolwa kwabaqashi nge-AI uchaza ukuthi ukuhlolwa okuzenzakalelayo kusebenza kanjani ngaphakathi kwe-POPIA.

Ungayigcina Isikhathi Esingakanani Idatha Yomqashi?

I-POPIA idinga ukuthi ulwazi lomuntu siqu lugcinwe kuphela isikhathi esidingekayo ukufeza inhloso okwaqoqelwa yona, noma njengoba kudingwa umthetho.

Imihlahlandlela esebenzayo yabanikazi bezindlu:

Abafaki bezicelo abangaphumelelanga: Susa idatha yabo ngaphakathi kwezinyanga eziyi-6 kusukela ekwenqatshweni kwesicelo (ngaphandle uma bevuma ukugcinwa efayeleni ukuze babhekwe kuzikhala ezizayo)
Abaqashi bamanje: Gcina idatha isikhathi sonke sokuqasha
Abaqashi abandulele: Gcina amarekhodi ezimali iminyaka emi-5 (njengoba kudingwa yi-Tax Administration Act ngenxa yezinjongo ze-SARS), bese uyayisusa noma uyenze ingaziwa ngokuphephile
Imibiko yokuhlolwa kwesikweletu: Gcina isikhathi sonke sesivumelwano sokuqasha, bese uyayibhubhisa. Ukuze uthole okwengeziwe ngalokho okuboniswa yile mibiko, bheka umhlahlandlela wethu wokuhlolwa kwesikweletu se-TPN

Amalungelo Omqashi Ngaphansi Kwe-POPIA

Abaqashi bakho nabafaki bezicelo banalezi zilungelo:

Ilungelo Lokufinyelela

Umqashi angacela ikhophi yalo lonke ulwazi lomuntu siqu olimgcinela lona. Kufanele uphendule ngaphakathi kwesikhathi esifanele.

Ilungelo Lokulungiswa

Uma ulwazi lomqashi lungenembile, lungaphelele, noma ludukisa, bangacela ukuthi ulilungise. Isibonelo, uma ukuhlolwa kwesikweletu kunephutha, umqashi angakucela ukuthi ukubhale phansi emarekhodini akho futhi ucele ukulungiswa ebhuro.

Ilungelo Lokususwa

Umqashi angacela ukuthi ususe ulwazi lwakhe lomuntu siqu uma kungasekho isizathu esisemthethweni sokulugcina. Ngemva kokuphela kwesivumelwano sokuqasha nokufezwa kwazo zonke izibopho zezimali, awukwazi ukubamba idatha yakhe unomphela.

Ilungelo Lokuphikisa

Umqashi angaphikisa ukucutshungulwa kolwazi lwakhe lomuntu siqu ngenhloso yokukhangisa ngqo. Uma usebenzisa idatha yomqashi ukuthumela izinto zokukhangisa, udinga imvume ehlukile yokungenela (opt-in).

Izinhlawulo Zokungathobeli

I-Information Regulator ingabeka:

Izinhlawulo zokuphathwa ezifinyelela ku-R10 million
Ushushiso lobugebengu oluholela ekuboshweni okungafinyelela eminyakeni eyi-10 (kwiziphambeko ezinzima ezinjengokuthengisa ulwazi lomuntu siqu)
Izinsolo zomthetho womphakathi (civil claims) kusukela kubantu bedatha abehlelwe ukulahlekelwa ngenxa yokungathobeli

Empeleni, i-Information Regulator igxile ekuqiniseni umthetho ekwephulweni okukhulu kwedatha nasekungathobeleni okuhlelekile. Kodwa abanikazi bezindlu ngabanye abakhululekile, isikhalazo esisodwa somqashi singaqala uphenyo.

Amaphutha Avamile Abawenzayo Abanikazi Bezindlu

1. Ukuhlolwa Ngaphandle Kwemvume Ebhaliwe

Ukwenza ukuhlolwa kwesikweletu ngaphandle kwemvume yangaphambilini ebhaliwe yomfaki sicelo kuwukwephula i-POPIA, akudingi ngisho namaphuzu. Iqiniso lokuthi “wonke umuntu uyakwenza” akulona icala.

2. Ukwabelana Ngolwazi Lomqashi Ngaphandle Kwemvume

Ukuxoxa ngesimo sezimali somqashi nabanye abaqashi, omakhelwane, noma amaqembu angaphandle (ngaphezu kwalokho okudingekayo ekuhlolweni noma ezinqubweni zomthetho) kuyephula i-POPIA.

3. Ukugcina Idatha Unomphela

Abanikazi bezindlu abaningi abasoze bayisuse idatha yomqashi owandulele. Uma isivumelwano sokuqasha sesiphelile futhi zonke izibopho zezimali sezifeziwe, akusekho isizathu sokugcina ikhophi ye-ID yomqashi owandulele, amaphepha okuholelwa, nombiko wesikweletu efayeleni ngaphezu kwezikhathi zokugcinwa ezidingwa umthetho.

4. Ukuvikelwa Kwedatha Okungakwanele

Ukugcina izicelo zabaqashi ekhabetheni lamafayela elingakhiyiwe, noma ukuthumela imibiko yesikweletu engabhaliwe ngendlela evikelekile nge-imeyili, kudala ubungozi be-POPIA. Ulwazi lomuntu siqu kufanele luvikelwe ekufinyeleleni okungagunyaziwe, ekulahlekeni, nasekulimaleni.

5. Ukungabi Nesaziso Sobumfihlo

I-POPIA idinga ukuthi wazise abaqashi ngendlela idatha yabo ezosetshenziswa ngayo ngesikhathi noma ngaphambi kwesikhathi sokuqoqwa. Isaziso esilula sobumfihlo efomini lakho lesicelo sifeza lesi sidingo.

Indlela i-Indlu Ephatha Ngayo i-POPIA Egameni Lakho

Ukuthobela i-POPIA kwakhelwe kuzo zonke izinyathelo zenqubo yokuphatha abaqashi ye-Indlu:

Amafomu emvume akhiqizwa ngokuzenzakalelayo, isicelo ngasinye sokuhlola sifaka ifomu lemvume elithobela i-POPIA umfaki sicelo alisayine ngedijithali ngaphambi kokwenziwa kwanoma yiziphi izinhlolo
Umkhondo wokushicilela (audit trail), i-Indlu iqopha yonke into yokucutshungulwa kwedatha (ubani ofinyelele ini, nini, futhi ngani) ukuze ukwazi ukubonisa ukuthobela uma kubuzwa
Ukugcinwa okuvikelekile, lonke ulwazi lomuntu siqu lubethelwe (encrypted) lapho kungasetshenziswa nangesikhathi sokuthunyelwa, futhi lugcinwa kubuchwepheshe obuvikelekile
Ukugcinwa okuzenzakalelayo, i-Indlu iyaphawula idatha eseyidlule isikhathi sayo sokugcinwa futhi ikukhumbuze ukuthi uyihlole futhi uyisuse
Ukuhlanganiswa namabhuro, ukuhlolwa kwesikweletu nge-TPN, TransUnion, ne-Experian kwenziwa ngezindlela ezigunyaziwe, okuqinisekisa ukufinyeleleka ngokomthetho
Iphothali yokufinyelela komqashi, abaqashi bangabona ukuthi yiluphi ulwazi olubagcinela lona futhi bacele ukulungiswa, ngqo ku-dashboard yabo ye-Indlu

Awudingi ukuba uchwepheshe wokuvikelwa kwedatha. I-Indlu iphatha umsebenzi wokuthobela ukuze wena ugxile ekutholeni abaqashi abahle.

Uhlu Lokuhlola: Ukuthobela i-POPIA Kubanikazi Bezindlu

Sebenzisa lolu hlu lokuhlola ukuze uqiniseke ukuthi uvikelekile:

Ukuthobela i-POPIA kubanikazi bezindlu akudingi kusho amaqoqo amaphepha. Bona ukuthi i-Indlu iphatha kanjani imvume, ukugcinwa, nokugcinwa okuvikelekile ukuze ukwazi ukuhlola abaqashi ngaphandle kobunzima bokuthobela.