Ukuthobela i-POPIA Kwabanini: Okufanele Ukwenze Ngaphambi Kokuhlola Abaqashi

Selokhu i-Protection of Personal Information Act (POPIA) yaqala ukusebenza ngokuphelele ngomhla zi-1 July 2021, ukuthobela i-POPIA kwabanini kuyisidingo. Umnini indlu wonke waseNingizimu Afrika oqoqa idatha yomthengi — futhi lokho kusho umnini wonke ohlola abafaki izicelo — unezibopho zomthetho mayelana nokuthi leyo datha iqoqwa, igcinwa, isetshenziswa kanjani, futhi ekugcineni isuswa.

Ukunganaki i-POPIA kungabeka wena engozini yezinhlawulo kuze kube u-R10 million, ukuboshwa, noma kokubili. Ngokuvamile, umthengi ozizwa sengathi idatha yakhe iphathwe kabi angafaka isikhalazo ne-Information Regulator, okubangela uphenyo ongamnini owodwa amfuni.

Lo mhlahlandlela uchaza ngokunembile okudingwa yi-POPIA kubanini nokuthi ungahlala uthobela kanjani ngaphandle kokuminza emaphepheni.

Yini i-POPIA Nokuthi Kubaluleke Kanjani Kwabanini?

I-POPIA umthetho waseNingizimu Afrika wokuvikela idatha, owenziwe nge-GDPR yase-EU. Ilawula ukucubungula kolwazi lomuntu siqu kunoma ubani noma inhlangano — kuhlanganisa abanini bezakhiwo ngabanye nabasebenzi bezakhiwo.

Njengomnini indlu, ucubungula ulwazi lomuntu siqu noma kunini uma:

Uqoqa ifomu lesicelo sokuqasha
Wenza ukuhlola kwekhredi nge-TPN, TransUnion, noma Experian
Uqinisekisa ubunikazi bomfaki izicelo (inombolo ye-ID, ipasipoti)
Uxhumana nomqashi ukuze uqinisekise umholo
Uthola izindlu kabanini abadlule
Ugcina imininingwane yokuxhumana nomthengi, izivumelwano zokuqasha, noma amarekhodi okukhokha

Zonke lezi zenzo zingaphansi kwe-POPIA. Wena iqembu elibhekelele (umuntu onquma inhloso nendlela yokucubungula), futhi umthengi noma umfaki izicelo umuntu wedatha (umuntu olwazi lwakhe lucubungulwa).

Nini Imvume Ebhaliwe Idingekayo

Ngaphansi kwe-POPIA Isigaba 11, ulwazi lomuntu siqu kufanele lucubungulwe ngokomthetho. Kwabanini, isisekelo esiphasayo esihambisana kakhulu imvume — ikakhulukazi lapho benza ukuhlola kwekhredi nokuhlola emuva. Ukuze uthole inqubo ephelele, bheka umhlahlandlela wethu wokuhlola abathengi eNingizimu Afrika.

Ngaphambi Kokuhlola Noma Yiluphi Ikhredi

Kufanele uthole imvume ebhaliwe yomfaki izicelo ngaphambi kokuthi:

Wenze ukuhlola kwekhredi nanoma yibhuro (TPN, TransUnion, Experian)
Ufinyelele irekhodi labo lobugebengu
Wenze ukusesha ehofisi yamadeeds
Uqinisekise ubunikazi babo ngenkonzo yethird-party

Imvume kufanele ibe:

Iqondene — sho ngokunembile ukuthi yiziphi ukuhlola ozokwenza
Echazwe — umfaki izicelo kufanele aqonde ukuthi uyavuma ini
Ngokuzithandela — umfaki izicelo akafanele aphoqwe (yize ungakwenza ukuhlola isimo senqubo yakho yokufaka izicelo)
Ebhalwe noma irekhodiwe — imvume yomlomo inzima ukuyifakazela

Isibonelo Solimi Lwefomu Lemvume Ye-POPIA

Nali ulimi ongalusebenzisa efomini lakho lemvume:

Mina, [Igama Eliphelele], inombolo ye-ID [Inombolo Ye-ID], ngalokhu ngivumela [Igama Lomnini / Indlu (Pty) Ltd] ukucubungula ulwazi lwami lomuntu siqu ngenhloso yokuhlola isicelo sami sokuqasha isakhiwo e [Ikheli Lesakhiwo].

Ngiyaqonda ukuthi lokhu kucubungulwa kungahlanganisa:

Ukuhlola kwekhredi nge-TPN, TransUnion, noma Experian

Ukuqinisekiswa kobunikazi bami nge-Department of Home Affairs

Ukuqinisekiswa komsebenzi wami nemali engenayo nomqashi wami wamanje

Ukuxhumana nabanini abadlule ngezindlu zokuqasha

Ukusesha ehofisi yamadeeds

Ngiyaqonda ukuthi ulwazi lwami luzogcinwa ngokuphepha futhi lugcinwe kuphela isikhathi esidingekayo ukugcwalisa inhloso eshiwo ngenhla. Ngiyazi ilungelo lami lokufinyelela, ukulungisa, noma ukucela ukususwa kolwazi lwami lomuntu siqu.

Isiginesha: _________________ Usuku: _________________

Idatha Ongayiqoqa Futhi Uyigcine

Umthetho wokuncisha we-POPIA (Isigaba 10) usho ukuthi kufanele uqoqe kuphela ulwazi oluhlobene ngokuqondile nenhloso. Ekuhloleni abathengi, idatha ehlobene ihlanganisa:

Eyamukelwa ukuqoqa:

Igama eliphelele nesibongo
Inombolo ye-ID noma ipasipoti
Imininingwane yokuxhumana (ucingo, i-imeyili, ikheli langempela)
Imininingwane yomsebenzi (igama lomqashi, isihloko somsebenzi, ubude)
Ulwazi lwemali engenayo (umholo, eminye imithombo yemali engenayo)
Imiphumela yokuhlola kwekhredi
Umlando wokuqasha wangaphambilini nezindlu zabanini

Edingekile ekuhloleni (gwema ukuqoqa):

Amarekhodi ezokwelapha noma ulwazi lwezempilo
Ukuhlangana kwezombusazwe
Izinkolelo zenkolo
Ubuningi bobulili
Idatha yebhayimethrikhi — ngaphandle kokuthi idingeke ngokukhethekile ukufinyelela isakhiwo

Uma uqoqa ulwazi olusensitiv (isb. amarekhodi obugebengu njengengxenye yokuhlola emuva), udinga imvume ecacile yalelo khathi ledatha. Umhlahlandlela wethu wokuhlolwa kwabathengi nge-AI uchaza ukuthi ukuhlola okuzenzakalelayo kusebenza kanjani ngaphakathi kwe-POPIA.

Ungagcina Idatha Yomthengi Isikhathi Esingakanani?

I-POPIA idinga ukuthi ulwazi lomuntu siqu lugcinwe kuphela isikhathi esidingekayo ukugcwalisa inhloso esiqoqwe ngayo, noma esidingwa umthetho.

Imihlahlandlela esebenzayo kwabanini:

Abafaki izicelo abangaphumelelanga: Susa idatha yabo ngaphakathi kwezinyanga ezi-6 zokwehliswa kwesicelo (ngaphandle kokuthi bavume ukugcinwa okwamafayela ezindawo ezingase zibe khona)
Abathengi bamanje: Gcina idatha ubude besikhathi sokuqasha
Abathengi abadlule: Gcina amarekhodi ezezimali iminyaka emihlanu (njengokudingwa yi-Tax Administration Act ngezinhoso ze-SARS), bese ususa ngokuphepha noma uyenze ingaziwa. Ukuze uthole okuningi ngokuthi leyo mibiko ibonisa ini, bheka umhlahlandlela wethu wokuhlola kwekhredi ye-TPN

Amalungelo Abathengi Ngaphansi Kwe-POPIA

Abathengi bakho nabafaki izicelo banalawa amalungelo:

Ilungelo Lokufinyelela

Umthengi angacela ikopi yalo lonke ulwazi lomuntu siqu omgcina ngaye. Kufanele uphendule ngaphakathi kwesikhathi esanele.

Ilungelo Lokulungisa

Uma ulwazi lomthengi lunganembile, lunganaphelele, noma ludukisa, bangacela ukulungisa. Isibonelo, uma ukuhlola kwekhredi kunephutha, umthengi angakucela ukuthi ulubhale emarekhodini akho futhi acele ukulungiswa ebhuro.

Ilungelo Lokususa

Umthengi angacela ukuthi ususe ulwazi lwabo lomuntu siqu lapho sekungekho sizathu esiphasayo sokulugcina. Ngemva kokuphela kwenkontileka nokuxazululwa kuzo zonke izibopho zezezimali, awukwazi ukubamba idatha yabo kuze kube phakade.

Ilungelo Lokuphikisa

Umthengi angaphikisa ukucubungulwa kolwazi lwabo lomuntu siqu ngenhloso yokukhangisa ngokuqondile. Uma usebenzisa idatha yomthengi ukuthumela into yokukhangisa, udinga imvume ehlukile yokungenisa.

Izinhlawulo Zokungathobeli

I-Information Regulator ingabeka:

Izinhlawulo zokuphatha kuze kube u-R10 million
Ushushiso lobugebengu obuholela ekuboshweni kuze kube iminyaka eyi-10 (ezonalweni eziqinile njengokuthengisa ulwazi lomuntu siqu)
Izimangalo zomphakathi kusukela kubantu bedatha abahlukumezekile ngenxa yokungathobeli

Eqinisweni, i-Information Regulator igxile ekwenzeni umthetho ekusebenzeni okukhulu kwedatha nasekungathobeli okuhlelekile. Kodwa abanini bezakhiwo ngabanye abakhululekile — isikhalazo somthengi owodwa singabangela uphenyo.

Amaphutha Avamile Abanini Abawenza

1. Ukuhlola Ngaphandle Kwemvume Ebhaliwe

Ukwenza ukuhlola kwekhredi ngaphandle kwemvume yangaphambilini ebhaliwe yomfaki izicelo kuwukwephula i-POPIA, kuphela. Iqiniso lokuthi “wonke umuntu akwenza” akuyona nezelo.

2. Ukwabelana Nolwazi Lomthengi Ngaphandle Kwemvume

Ukuxoxa ngesimo sezezimali somthengi nabathengi abanye, abamakhelwane, noma amaqembu angethird-party (ngaphandle kwalokho okudingekayo ekuhloleni noma ezinqubweni zomthetho) kuphula i-POPIA.

3. Ukugcina Idatha Kuze Kube Phakade

Abanini abaningi abasole besusa idatha yomthengi wangaphambilini. Lapho inkontileka isiphelile futhi zonke izibopho sixazululiwe, akunaso isizathu sokugcina ikopi ye-ID yomthengi wangaphambili, amaphepha emiholo, nembiko yekhredi efayileni ngaphezu kwezikhathi zokugcina ezidingwa umthetho.

4. Ukuphepha Kwedatha Okunganele

Ukugcina izicelo zabathengi ekhabhinethi engakhiyiwanga, noma ukuthumela imibiko yekhredi nge-imeyili engakhiyiwanga, kudala ukubopha kwe-POPIA. Ulwazi lomuntu siqu kufanele livikelwe ekufinyeleleni okungagunyaziwe, ukulahleka, nomonakalo.

5. Akukho Isaziso Sokuba Nobumfihlo

I-POPIA idinga ukuthi wazise abathengi ngokuthi idatha yabo izosetshenziswa kanjani ngesikhathi noma ngaphambi kweqoqiwe. Isaziso esilula sobumfihlo kufomini lakho lesicelo sihlanganisa lesi sidingo.

Indlela i-Indlu Ephatha Ngayo i-POPIA Kuwe

Ukuthobela i-POPIA kwakhiwe kuzo zonke izinyathelo zenqubo yokuphatha abathengi ye-Indlu:

Amafomu emvume akhiqizwa okuzenzakalelayo — yonke isicelo sokuhlola sifaka ifomu lemvume ye-POPIA umfaki izicelo asayina ngedijithali ngaphambi kokuhlolwa noma yiluphi
Umugqa wokuhlola — I-Indlu irekhoda yonke into yokucubungula idatha (ubani ofinyelele ini, nini, nokuthi kungani) ukuze ukwazi ukubonisa ukuthobela uma ubuzwa
Ukugcinwa okuphephile — lonke ulwazi lomuntu siqu lukhiywa lapho lugcinwe nasekudlulisa, kugcinwe ku-infrastruktcha ephephile
Ukugcina okuzenzakalelayo — I-Indlu iphawula idatha edlule isikhathi sayo sokugcina futhi ikukhuthaze ukubuyekeza nokususa
Ukuhlanganiswa kwebhuro — ukuhlola kwekhredi nge-TPN, TransUnion, nase-Experian kwenziwa ngamashaneli agunyaziwe, okuqinisekisa ukufinyelela ngokomthetho
Iphothali yokufinyelela kwabathengi — abathengi bangabuka idatha omgcina ngabo futhi bacela ukulungiswa, ngokuqondile kudashboard yabo ye-Indlu

Awudingi ukuba uchwepheshe wokuvikela idatha. I-Indlu iphathela ukuthobela ukuze ugxile ekutholeni abathengi abahle.

Ukuthobela i-POPIA kwabanini akufanele kusho amaphepha amaningi. Bona ukuthi i-Indlu iphatha kanjani imvume, ukugcina nokugcinwa okuphephile ukuze ukwazi ukuhlola abathengi ngaphandle kwekhanda lokuthobela.