I-General Machinery Regulations 2025: Indlela Yokulungiselela

Imishini engagcinwa ngokwezinga elidingwa yi-General Machinery Regulations idala ubungozi bezokuphepha kanye nengcuphe yokungahambisani nemithetho. Uma umhloli ethola izikhala ekuqashweni kwabantu abafanelekile, kurejista yemishini, noma kumarekhodi okuvikelwa, umphumela ungaba isinyathelo sokuqinisekisa ukulandelwa komthetho, ukuvinjelwa, noma okubi nakakhulu, ingozi ebingavinjelwa. I-drafti ye-General Machinery Regulations 2025 (i-GMR 2025) ihlongoza izinguquko ezibalulekile ezithinta ukuthi ungabaqasha kanjani abantu abafanelekile, ukuthi yimiphi imishini okumele uyibhalise, kanye nokuthi uyigcina futhi uyivikela kanjani. Abaqashi baseNingizimu Afrika abasebenzisa imishini ngaphansi kwe-Occupational Health and Safety Act kudingeka baziqonde manje lezi zinguquko. Lesi sihloko sifingqa uhlaka lwamanje, lokho okuhlongozwa yi-drafti ye-General Machinery Regulations 2025, imithelela kwimisebenzi, isikhathi esilindelekile, kanye nendlela yokulungiselela, kuhlanganise nendlela i-CMMS esekela ngayo irejista yemishini, ukuqashwa kwabantu abafanelekile, kanye namarekhodi asezingeni lokuhlolwa.

Umsuka: I-GMR Yamanje Ngaphansi kwe-OHS Act

I-General Machinery Regulations (Government Notice R1521 of 1988, njengoba ichitshiyelwe) yenziwa ngaphansi kwe-Occupational Health and Safety Act 85 ka-1993. Isebenza kubaqashi nakubantu abaphethe izindawo lapho kusetshenziswa khona imishini. Imithetho idinga ukuthi imishini ifaneleke ngenjongo yayo, ifakwe futhi igcinwe ngendlela efanele, nokuthi izingxenye eziyingozi zivikelwe. Abaqashi kumele bakhethe umuntu ofanelekile ngokubhaliwe kuyo yonke indawo lapho kusetshenziswa khona imishini. Lowo muntu unesibopho sokuqinisekisa ukulandelwa komthetho nemithetho: imishini kumele igcinwe isesimeni esiphephile, amadivayisi okuphepha kumele agcinwe esebenza kahle, futhi amarekhodi okuhlolwa nokugcinwa kungadingeka. Incazelo yamanje yomuntu ofanelekile ngokwezomlando ichazwe njengehlanganisa abantu abanamakhono athile noma ulwazi olusebenzayo, futhi imithetho ibala imishini ethile (isibonelo, amabhoyila, izitsha ezicindezelwe, ama-lift, ama-escalator) edinga ukuhlolwa okwengeziwe nezimfuneko zesitifiketi.

Imisebenzi eminingi yaseNingizimu Afrika isivele ihambisana nokugcinwa nokubhalwa kwamarekhodi nalezi zibopho. Ukuze uthole umbono ophelele wezibopho zabaqashi ngaphansi kwe-OHS Act, bheka umhlahlandlela wethu othi izimfuneko zokugcinwa kwe-OHS Act eNingizimu Afrika.

Lokho I-Drafti Ye-General Machinery Regulations 2025 Ekushintshayo

I-drafti ye-General Machinery Regulations 2025 ihlongoza izinguquko eziningi ezibalulekile ezithinta ukuthi ubani ongaqashwa njengomuntu ofanelekile, ukuthi kudingeka abantu abangaki abanjalo, ukuthi yimuphi umkhakha wemishini ohilelekile, kanye nokuthi ukuvikelwa kuchazwa kanjani. Njengoba lokhu kuwumthetho osaba yi-drafti, okulandelayo kukhombisa i-drafti njengoba ishicilelwe ukuze kuphawulwe kuyo; i-GMR 2025 yokugcina ingase ihluke ngemuva kokucutshungulwa kweziphakamiso nokumenyezelwa.

Incazelo Entsha Yomuntu Ofanelekile: Ama-Learnership Angena, Indlela Yonjiniyela Ophothule Iphuma

I-drafti ibuyekeza incazelo yomuntu ofanelekile. Ngaphansi kwamagama ahlongoziwe, abantu abaqedile i-learnership efanele (noma uhlelo lokufunda oluhlelekile olulinganayo) futhi abanolwazi olusebenzayo oluchaziwe emithethweni, bangafaneleka njengabantu abafanelekile ngokwezinjongo ze-GMR. Ngokuphambene nalokho, i-drafti isusa noma incishisa indlela eyayivumela onjiniyela abaphothule iziqu (noma iziqu zemfundo ezifanayo zodwa) ukuba baqashwe njengabantu abafanelekile ngaphandle kokuqeqeshwa noma ulwazi olusebenzayo olucishiwe. Injongo ibonakala ihlose ukuhlobanisa ukufaneleka ngokucacile kokubili ukufunda okusemthethweni nolwazi olusebenzayo, nokwamukela ama-learnership njengendlela efanele yokungena kule ndima.

Kubaqashi, lokhu kusho ukubuyekeza ukuthi abantu bakho abakhethiwe bamanje baqashwe kanjani nokuhlela amaqashwa esikhathi esizayo. Abaqedile ama-learnership abanolwazi olufanele bangaba umthombo obalulekile; ukuthembela kuphela kunjiniyela ophothule iziqu ngaphandle kwengxenye yolwazi olusebenzayo ecishiwe kungase kungabi kwanele futhi.

Umuntu Ofanelekile Osebenza Isikhathi Esigcwele Odingekayo Endaweni Ngayinye

I-drafti ihlongoza ukuthi umuntu ofanelekile aqashwe isikhathi esigcwele kuyo yonke indawo lapho kusetshenziswa khona imishini ewela ngaphansi kwemithetho. Amaqashwa ahlanganyelwe noma esikhathi esiyingxenye ezindaweni ezimbalwa angase angabe esasanelisa lesi simfuneko. Imisebenzi enamaplanti noma amagatsha amaningi izodinga umuntu ofanelekile ozinikele endaweni ngayinye (noma okungenani oyedwa endaweni ngayinye njengoba kuchaziwe ku-drafti). Lokhu kunemithelela eqondile yezinsiza: ukuqasha noma ukuqeqesha abantu abafanelekile abenele ukumboza indawo ngayinye, futhi kuqinisekiswe ukuthi basendaweni isikhathi esigcwele kunokuhlukanisa isikhathi ezindaweni ezahlukene.

Umkhakha Wemishini Owandisiwe: Izinhlobo Eziningi Zemishini Ezimbozwayo

I-drafti yandisa umkhakha wemishini nezinsiza ezingaphansi kwale mithetho. Izinhlobo nezigaba ezengeziwe zemishini ziyafakwa, ukuze izimpahla ebezike zibhekwe njengezingaphandle kwesimiso esiqinile se-GMR zingase zingene phakathi. Lokho kusho ukuthi izinto eziningi zingase zidinge ukuba kurejista yakho yemishini, zilandele izindinganiso ezifanayo zokuhlolwa, ukugcinwa, nokuvikelwa, futhi zixhunyaniswe nokuqashwa komuntu ofanelekile okhethiwe.

Imisebenzi izodinga ukuhlola uhlu lwayo lwamanje lwezimpahla iqhathanisa nomkhakha omusha futhi ibuyekeze irejista yayo yemishini ukuze kungabi nalutho oluphathwa yimithetho oludlulayo. Uhlu oluqondile luzoncika embhalweni wokugcina omenyezelwe, kodwa isiqondiso sicacile: lindela ukubhalisa nokugcina imishini eminingi kunaseshemini yamanje.

Izimfuneko Zokuvikela Ezibuyekeziwe

I-drafti ibuyekeza izimfuneko zokuvikelwa kwezingxenye eziyingozi zemishini. Izindinganiso nezincazelo zezivikelo, ama-interlock, nezinye izindlela zokuphepha zingase zicaciswe noma ziqiniswe. Abaqashi bazodinga ukuqinisekisa ukuthi imishini ekhona iyabuyekezwa iqhathaniswa nalezi zimfuneko nokuthi noma yiziphi izikhala zixazululwa ngezivikelo eziyizinto ezibonakalayo, izinqubo, noma kokubili. Ukugcinwa kwezivikelo, ukuqinisekisa ukuthi izivikelo zikhona futhi zisebenza kahle ngemuva kokulungiswa noma ukushintshwa, kuhlala kuyinto ephakathi futhi kufanele kubonakale ezinqubweni nakuma-work order.

Imithelela Kwimisebenzi

Umphumela ohlangene walezi zinguquko mkhulu kunoma ubani ophethe izindawo ezinemishini.

Ukuqasha nokuqeqesha abantu abafanelekile. Uma isimfuneko sesikhathi esigcwele endaweni ngayinye kanye nencazelo entsha yokufaneleka zamukelwa, uzodinga abantu abenele abahlangabezana nencazelo ebuyekeziwe futhi abangaqashwa isikhathi esigcwele endaweni ngayinye. Ukutshala imali kuma-learnership nasekuqeqeshweni okuhlelekile okusebenzayo, kanye nokugcina abasebenzi abafanelekile, kuba kubaluleke nakakhulu. Ukuhlela ukulandelana kwendima yomuntu ofanelekile kufanele kuvumele isikhathi esidingekayo sokuqeda ama-learnership nokuthola ulwazi olusebenzayo oludingekayo.

Ukubuyekeza irejista yemishini. Umkhakha owandisiwe usho ukuthi irejista yakho kufanele ibuyekezwe futhi yenziwe yaba yamanje ukuze yonke into yemishini ewela ngaphansi komkhakha omusha ibhalwe, kunikezwe indawo, umuntu obhekele, kanye nezinhlelo zokuhlolwa nokugcinwa. Izikhala kurejista zidala ingcuphe yokungahambisani nemithetho kanye nokuphepha.

Ukubuyekeza izinqubo zokugcinwa. Izinqubo zokuvikelwa nokugcinwa kufanele zihambisane nezimfuneko ezibuyekeziwe. Ama-work order nezinhlelo ze-PM kufanele zihlanganise ngokusobala ukuhlolwa nokugcinwa kwezivikelo namadivayisi okuphepha, futhi amarekhodi okuqedwa kufanele agcinwe ukuze umuntu ofanelekile nabaphathi bakwazi ukukhombisa ukulandelwa komthetho okuqhubekayo. Lapho imishini ishintshiwe noma ithuthelwe kwenye indawo, izinqubo kufanele zibuyekezwe futhi zivunyelwe kabusha umuntu ofanelekile ukuze irejista nesimo sangempela zihlale zihambisana.

Isikhathi: I-Drafti, Ukuphawula, Nokumenyezelwa Okulindelekile

I-drafti ye-General Machinery Regulations 2025 ishicilelwe ukuze kuphawulwe nomphakathi. Isikhathi sokuphawula sivalwe ngoNovemba 2025. UMnyango Wezokuqashwa Nezabasebenzi (noma ungqongqoshe othintekile) uzocubungula iziphakamiso futhi ungase achitshiye i-drafti ngaphambi kokumenyezelwa. Alukho usuku oluqinile lokuthi i-GMR 2025 yokugcina izomenyezelwa nini; uma isimenyezelwe, imithetho ingase isebenze ngokushesha noma ngosuku oluchaziwe esaziso.

Kuyacetshiswa ukuhlala wazi ngokusebenzisa i-Government Gazette nezinhlangano zomkhakha ukuze ukwazi ukulungisa amasu akho ngokuya ngamagama okugcina kanye nosuku lokusebenza. Abaqashi abathumele imibono ngesikhathi salolu hlelo bangase bathole nempendulo noma izaziso lapho imithetho yokugcina isishicilelwe; ukugcina imininingwane yokuxhumana ibuyekeziwe noMnyango kungasiza.

Indlela Yokulungiselela

Ukulungiselela kufanele kuqale ngaphambi kokuba imithetho yokugcina ishicilelwe, ukuze ungabanjwa ungalindele lapho isebenza.

Hlola ukulandelwa komthetho kwamanje. Buyekeza ukuthi kwamanje uhambisana kanjani ne-GMR ekhona: ubani okhethwe njengomuntu ofanelekile endaweni ngayinye, ngokusekelwe kuni (iziqu nolwazi olusebenzayo), nokuthi basebenza isikhathi esigcwele noma bahlanganyelwe. Khomba noma yisiphi isikhala phakathi kwenqubo yamanje nesimfuneko se-drafti sesikhathi esigcwele endaweni ngayinye kanye nencazelo entsha yokufaneleka.

Buyekeza amaqashwa abantu abafanelekile. Kuyo yonke indawo, qinisekisa ukuthi umuntu okhethiwe uhlangabezana nencazelo ye-drafti (kuhlanganise i-learnership nolwazi olusebenzayo lapho kufaneleka). Hlela ukuqashwa noma ukuqeqeshwa ukuze ukwazi ukuqasha noma ukugcina abantu abafanelekile abenele abasebenza isikhathi esigcwele lapho umthetho ushintsha.

Buyekeza irejista yemishini. Qhathanisa yonke imishini esesiteshini nomkhakha owandisiwe wedrafti. Faka noma yiziphi izinsiza ezizowela ngaphansi kwemithetho emisha kurejista yakho, ngokukhonjiswa okucacile, indawo, kanye nezinhlelo zokuhlolwa nokugcinwa. I-rejista yezimpahla ku-CMMS ehlelekile yenza kube lula ukugcina lolu hlu nokuluxhumanisa nama-work order kanye nemisebenzi yokulandelwa komthetho.

Qinisekisa ukuthi izinhlelo zamarekhodi zikulungele. Imithetho izoqhubeka nokudinga ubufakazi bokugcinwa, ukuhlolwa, nokuvikelwa. Qinisekisa ukuthi izinhlelo zakho zingakwazi ukubhala nokubika ngempahla ngayinye, ngomuntu ofanelekile ngamunye, nangosuku lokuphela, ukuze ukwazi ukukhiqiza amarekhodi asezingeni lokuhlolwa lapho kudingeka. Abakhiqizi nezinye izindawo ezisebenzisa imishini kakhulu bavame ukusebenzisa i-CMMS yokukhiqiza ukuze bakugxilise lokhu; umthetho ofanayo usebenza kunoma iyiphi imisebenzi enemishini elawulwayo. Uma kwamanje uncika kuma-spreadsheet noma kuphepha, isikhathi esidingekayo sokusebenzisa noma ukuthuthukisa i-CMMS ngaphambi kokuba imithetho isebenze kufanele kucatshangelwe manje.

Indlela I-CMMS Esiza Ngayo Ekulungeleni i-GMR 2025

Uhlelo lokuphathwa kokugcinwa ngekhompyutha lusekela izinyathelo eziningi ezingenhla kanye nokulandelwa komthetho okuqhubekayo uma i-General Machinery Regulations 2025 isisebenza.

Irejista yemishini. Irejista yempahla ye-CMMS iyindawo yemvelo yokugcina uhlu lwakho lwemishini elawulwayo. Impahla ngayinye ingagcina ubunikazi, indawo, ukubaluleka, kanye nezixhumanisi ezinqubo noma imihlahlandlela. Uma umkhakha wandisiwe, ungeza noma uhlele kabusha izimpahla endaweni eyodwa futhi unamathisele izinhlelo ezifanele zokuhlolwa nokugcinwa. Lokhu kugwema ama-spreadsheet ahlakazekile futhi kuqinisekisa ukuthi irejista ihlala ihambisana nalokho okusesiteshini.

Ukulandelela abantu abafanelekile. Ungabhala ukuthi umuntu ofanelekile ubani okhethelwe iyiphi indawo (noma iqembu lempahla) futhi ubaxhumanise nama-work order nemisebenzi yokulandelwa komthetho. Lapho umthetho udinga umuntu ofanelekile osebenza isikhathi esigcwele endaweni ngayinye, ukuba nalokho kwabelwa nemisebenzi yabo kubonakale ku-CMMS kusiza abaphathi nabahloli ukuqinisekisa ukuthi le ndima igcwalisiwe nokuthi ukuqashwa kukhona.

Ukuhlelwa kokuhlolwa. Ukuhlolwa okusemthethweni nokwangaphakathi kungachazwa njengemisebenzi ephindaphindekayo (esekelwe esikhathini noma ekusetshenzisweni) futhi ixhumaniswe nempahla ngayinye. I-CMMS ikhiqiza ama-work order lapho ukuhlolwa kudingeka futhi ibhale ukuqedwa, ukuze kungabikhona okushonayo futhi umuntu ofanelekile akwazi ukubona ngokushesha ukuthi yini eseyiphuthile noma ezayo. Lokho kusekela kokubili ukulandelwa komthetho kwansuku zonke nokulungiselela izivakashi zabahloli.

Amarekhodi asezingeni lokuhlolwa. Ama-work order aqediwe, amarekhodi okuhlolwa, kanye nanoma yimiphi izitifiketi noma amanothi anamathiselwe akha umlando olandelekayo ngempahla ngayinye. Uma umhloli noma umcubunguli ebuza ukuthi yini egcinwe, nini, futhi ngubani, i-CMMS ingakhiqiza imibiko ekhombisa kanye lokho. Amarekhodi angenakuguqulwa futhi anesikhathi esiphawuliwe anciphisa umthwalo wokufakazela ukusebenza ngokucophelela futhi akusize uphendule ngokushesha ezicelweni. Kwimisebenzi esivele iphansi kwe-OHS Act ne-GMR yamanje, ukwandisa i-CMMS yakho ekhona ukuze imboze umkhakha owandisiwe wemishini nezibopho zomuntu ofanelekile kuvame ukuba nempumelelo kunokwakha izinqubo ezihlukene. Uhlelo olufanayo olusekela ukugcinwa kwakho kwansuku zonke lungasebenza futhi njengobufakazi bakho bokulandelwa komthetho be-General Machinery Regulations 2025.

Isiphetho

I-drafti ye-General Machinery Regulations 2025 ikhombisa uhlaka oluqinile nolucacile kakhudlwana lwemishini ngaphansi kwe-OHS Act: incazelo ebuyekeziwe yomuntu ofanelekile eyamukela ama-learnership futhi iqinise indlela yonjiniyela ophothule iziqu, umuntu ofanelekile osebenza isikhathi esigcwele endaweni ngayinye, umkhakha owandisiwe wemishini, kanye nezimfuneko ezibuyekeziwe zokuvikelwa. Nakuba umbhalo wokugcina ungase ushintshe ngemuva kwenqubo yokuphawula, ukulungiselela manje, ngokuhlola ukulandelwa komthetho, ukubuyekeza amaqashwa abantu abafanelekile, ukubuyekeza irejista yakho yemishini, nokuqinisekisa ukuthi izinhlelo zakho zamarekhodi zingasekela ubufakazi obusezingeni lokuhlolwa, kuzobeka umsebenzi wakho esimweni esiqinile lapho imithetho imenyezelwa. I-CMMS egcina irejista yakho yemishini, ilandelele izibopho zomuntu ofanelekile, ihlele ukuhlolwa, futhi igcine amarekhodi okuqedwa iyindlela esebenzayo yokuguqula lokho kulungiselela kube ukulandelwa komthetho okuqhubekayo.

Ukuze ubone ukuthi i-Lungisa isiza kanjani imisebenzi yaseNingizimu Afrika ukugcina irejista yemishini, ukuhlela ukuhlolwa, nokuhlala kulungele ukuhlolwa kwe-General Machinery Regulations 2025, hlola i-Lungisa.