Imithetho Yediphozithi Yokuqasha eNingizimu Afrika 2026

Imithetho yediphozithi yokuqasha eNingizimu Afrika ingenye yezinto ezingaqondakali kakhulu mayelana nokuba ngumnini-ndlu. Uma uyenza kabi, ungase ubhekane nesikhalo se-Rental Housing Tribunal, izinhlawulo zezimali, noma umqashi owazi umthetho ngcono kunawe.

Lo mhlahlandlela uhlanganisa konke okudingeka ukwazi mayelana nemithetho yediphozithi yokuqasha eNingizimu Afrika, kusukela ekutheni ungabiza malini kuye ekutheni uyibuyisele kanjani futhi nini imali.

Imithetho Yediphozithi: Umnini-ndlu Angabiza Malini?

Awukho umthetho ombeka umkhawulo weningi lediphozithi yokuqasha eNingizimu Afrika. I-Rental Housing Act (uMthetho 50 ka-1999) ayibeki inani eliphezulu. Empeleni, iningi labanini bendlu babiza phakathi kwerenti yenyanga eyodwa kuya kwezimbili njengediphozithi.

Nokho, ukubiza idiphozithi engaphezu kwesilinganiso kungaxosha abaqashi abahle futhi kungaphikiswa njengenkambiso engalungile. Isilinganiso semakethe silandelayo:

Irenti yenyanga eyodwa, okuvamile emakontilekeni amaningi okuqasha
Irenti yezinyanga ezimbili, evamile ezindaweni ezinemifino, amakontileka avumela izilwane, noma ukuqasha okunengcuphe ephezulu
Ayikho idiphozithi, kuyivelakancane, kepha abanye abanini-ndlu bayekela idiphozithi beshintshanisa ngerenti ephakeme

Okubalulekile ukuchaza inani lediphozithi eliqondile enkontilekeni yakho ebhaliwe. Uma ungenayo inkontileka ebhaliwe, kuba nzima kakhulu ukufakazela lokho okwavunyelwana ngakho.

Isidingo Se-akhawunti Enenzalo

Yilapha lapho iningi labanini-ndlu likhubazeka khona. Isigaba 5(3)(d) se-Rental Housing Act sidinga ukuthi:

Umnini-ndlu kufanele atshale idiphozithi yomqashi ku-akhawunti enenzalo enkampanini yezezimali futhi akhokhele umqashi inzalo ngesilinganiso esisebenza kuleyo akhawunti.

Lokhu akukhethwa. Kusebenza kuwo wonke amakontileka okuhlala eNingizimu Afrika, kungakhathaleki noma ulawula iyunithi eyodwa noma ikhulu.

Yimaphi Amabhange Anikeza Ama-akhawunti Wesitheshi Sediphozithi?

Amabhange amaningi amakhulu aseNingizimu Afrika anikeza ama-akhawunti okonga noma esitheshi afanele ukugcina idiphozithi yabaqashi:

I-FNB, i-Money Maximiser noma i-akhawunti yokonga
I-Standard Bank, i-PureSave noma idiphozithi yesaziso
I-Absa, i-akhawunti yokonga i-Transact
I-Nedbank, i-JustSave noma idiphozithi yesaziso
I-Capitec, i-Akhawunti yokonga (izinga lenzalo elincintisanayo)

I-akhawunti kufanele ibe egameni lomnini-ndlu (noma elomele wakhe), kepha inzalo etholakalayo iyeyomqashi. Abanye abanini-ndlu bavula i-akhawunti yokonga eyodwa ngamunye ngomqashi ngamunye; abanye basebenzisa i-akhawunti yesitheshi eyodwa futhi balandelele ukwabiwa ngaphakathi.

Indlela Yokubala Nokukhokha Inzalo Yediphozithi

Ekupheleni kwenkontileka, umqashi umele wembozwe:

Inani lediphozithi lokuqala
Ususa noma yikuphi ukudonswa okusemthethweni (kabanzi ngezansi)
Wengeza inzalo eqoqiwe ngesilinganiso i-akhawunti eyisitholile

Isibonelo, uma umqashi ekhokhe idiphozithi engu-R10 000 futhi i-akhawunti yokonga yathola u-5.5% ngonyaka phakathi nekontileka yezinyanga eziyi-12, umele umqashi cishe u-R550 wenzalo, ngaphezu kwanoma yiliphi ibhalansi lediphozithi elisele ngemuva kokudonswa.

Iseluleko: Gcina irekhodi lezitatimende zebhange zakho ezikhombisa ibhalansi lediphozithi nenzalo eyitholile. Lokhu kuyakuvikela uma umqashi ephikisana nenani.

Ukubuyisela Idiphozithi: Izikhathi Nenqubo

Isigaba 5(3) se-Rental Housing Act sibeka izikhathi ezintathu ezihlukene zokubuyisela, kuye ngokwenzeka ekupheleni kwenkontileka, hhayi umthetho owodwa othi “izinsuku eziyi-14 noma eziyi-21”:

Akukho okukweletwayo: uma kungekho malimboleka umqashi, idiphozithi ephelele kanye nenzalo kufanele ibuyiselwe ngaphakathi kwezinsuku eziyi-7 kusukela ekupheleni kwenkontileka, ngaphandle kokudonswa noma ukulinganiswa.
Umnini-ndlu udonsa izindleko ngemuva kokuhlolwa ndawonye okujwayelekile: ibhalansi ngemuva kokudonswa okusemthethweni kufanele ibuyiselwe hhayi kamuva kunezinsuku eziyi-14 ngemuva kokuba indlu ibuyiselwe kumnini-ndlu (okusho kusukela lapho umqashi ebuyisela impahla, okungasona ngaso sonke isikhathi usuku olufana nosuku olusemthethweni lokuphela kwenkontileka).
Umqashi akaphenduli isicelo sokuhlolwa: umnini-ndlu kumele bese ehlola yedwa ngaphakathi kwezinsuku eziyi-7 ngemuva kokuphela kwenkontileka, futhi ibhalansi ngemuva kokudonswa kufanele ibuyiselwe hhayi kamuva kunezinsuku eziyi-21 ngemuva kokuphelelwa kwenkontileka.

Kukhona nesenzakalo sesine esifanele ukwaziwa: uma umnini-ndlu ehluleka ukubamba ukuhlolwa ndawonye nomqashi ekhona (kunokuthi umqashi ehluleka ukuphendula), uMthetho uthatha lokho njengokuvuma ukuthi indlu isesimeni esihle, futhi umnini-ndlu umele umqashi idiphozithi ephelele kanye nenzalo ngaphandle kokudonswa.

Isidingo Sokuhlola Ndawonye

Ngaphambi kokudonsa noma yini ediphozithini, kufanele wenze ukuhlolwa ndawonye nomqashi, okuhlelwe ngaphakathi kwezinsuku ezintathu ngaphambi kokuba inkontileka iphele:

Kuhlele, ngaphakathi kwezinsuku ezintathu ngaphambi kokuphela kwenkontileka, ukuze kufezeke isidingo sesikhathi esikuMthetho
Hambani ndawonye endlini, qhathanisa isimo samanje nombiko wokuhlolwa kokungena
Bhala konke phansi, thatha izithombe, bhala umonakalo, futhi zombili izinhlangothi zisayine umbiko wokuhlola
Vumelanani ngokudonswa, noma okungenani nirekhode lokho izinhlangothi ezikubona kunobulungiswa

Ukweqa ukuhlolwa ndawonye, noma ukukubamba ngaphandle komqashi ekhona, akwenzi nje ukudonswa “kube nengozi ngokomthetho”, uMthetho uthatha ukwehluleka kwakho ukuhlola nomqashi njengokuvuma ukuthi impahla isesimeni esihle, futhi umele idiphozithi ephelele. Abaqashi bangaphikisa (futhi bayakwenza lokho) ukudonswa e-Rental Housing Tribunal uma inqubo efanele ingalandelwanga. Uma impikiswano ikhula, umhlahlandlela wethu wokuxosha umqashi eNingizimu Afrika uchaza izinyathelo zomthetho nezikhathi.

Yini Ongayidonsa Ediphozithini

Ukudonswa okusemthethweni kufaka:

Umonakalo ongaphezu kokuguga okujwayelekile, ifasitela elephukile, imigodi ezindongeni, amakhaphethi anamabala ngenxa yobudedengu
Irenti esalayo, uma umqashi ekweleta irenti ngesikhathi ephuma
Izinsizakalo ezingakhokhelwanga, ugesi, amanzi, noma ezinye izinkokhelo umqashi ayekwenziwe ngazo
Izindleko zokuhlanza, uma indlu ishiywa isimeni esibi kakhulu kunalapho yanikezwa khona

Awukwazi ukudonsa ngenxa ye:

Ukuguga okujwayelekile (upende ofiphele, imifanekiso emincane yokukhuhliwa, amakhaphethi aguge ngenxa yokusetshenziswa okujwayelekile)
Umonakalo owawukhona kakade owabhalwa ekuhloleni kokungena
Ukuthuthukiswa noma ukwenziwa ngcono okufuna ukukwenza ngemuva kokuba umqashi asuke

Amaphutha Avamile Ediphozithi Enziwa Ngabanini-ndlu

1. Ukungasebenzisi I-akhawunti Enenzalo

Lokhu kuyisephulo esivame kakhulu. Abanye abanini-ndlu bafaka imali ku-akhawunti yabo yamanje yomuntu siqu noma, okubi nakakhulu, bayisebenzise. Kokubili akusemthethweni. Idiphozithi yomqashi kufanele ihlale ku-akhawunti enenzalo isikhathi sonke senkontileka.

2. Ukweqa Ukuhlolwa Kokungena

Uma ungenawo umbiko obhaliwe wesimo sokungena (onezithombe), awunayo isisekelo ongalinganisela ngaso umonakalo. Lokhu kwenza kube ngukungenzeki ukuqinisekisa ukudonswa kamuva.

3. Ukudonsa Ngenxa Yokuguga Okujwayelekile

Inkontileka yeminyaka emihlanu izovame ukuba nokuguga okuthile. Ukuzama ukubiza ngokupendwa kabusha kwezindonga ezifiphele ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, noma ukushintsha amakhaphethi aguge ngenxa yokusetshenziswa okujwayelekile, akuvikelekile ngokomthetho.

4. Ukungahlangabezani Nomhla Wokugcina Wokubuyisela

Ukwehluleka ukubuyisela idiphozithi ngaphakathi komhla wokugcina osebenzayo, izinsuku eziyi-7 uma kungekho okukweletwayo, izinsuku eziyi-14 kusukela ekubuyiselweni kwendlu uma udonse izindleko ngemuva kokuhlolwa ndawonye okufanele, noma izinsuku eziyi-21 kusukela ekuphelelweni kwenkontileka uma umqashi engaphendulanga esicelweni sakho sokuhlola, kukubeka engcupheni yesikhalo se-Tribunal nezinhlawulo ezingaba khona.

5. Ukungahlinzeki Ngesitatimende Esihlelwe Ngokwezinto

Uma wenza ukudonswa, nikeza umqashi ukwehlukaniswa okubhaliwe okukhombisa:

Inani lediphozithi lokuqala
Inzalo etholiwe
Ukudonswa ngakunye nencazelo kanye nenani
Inani lokugcina elibuyiselwayo

Indlela I-Indlu Ekusiza Ngayo Ukuthi Uhlale Uthobela Umthetho

Ukuphatha idiphozithi kuzindawo eziningi, ukulandelela inzalo, ukuhlela ukuhlolwa ndawonye, nokuhlangabezana nemihla yokugcina yokubuyisela, kungaphenduka into enzima ngokushesha. Isici sokulandelela idiphozithi se-Indlu senza le nqubo ngokuzenzakalela:

Sirekhoda amanani nezinsuku zediphozithi ngokwenkontileka ngayinye
Sibala inzalo eqoqiwe ngokuzenzakalela
Sithumela izikhumbuzo zokuhlolwa ndawonye njengoba kusondela imihla yokuphela kwenkontileka
Sikhiqiza izitatimende zediphozithi ezihlelwe ngokwezinto zabaqashi

Akusekho amaspredishithi, imihla yokugcina engahlangatshezwananga, noma ukubala inzalo ngesandla.

Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa

Ingabe umnini-ndlu angasebenzisa idiphozithi njengerenti yenyanga yokugcina? Cha, hhayi ngokwakhe yedwa. Idiphozithi iyisiqinisekiso ngokumelene nomonakalo kanye nezikweletu ezingakhokhelwanga, akuyona into esikhundleni serenti. Uma zombili izinhlangothi zivuma ngokubhaliwe, idiphozithi ingasetshenziswa enyangeni yokugcina yerenti, kepha lokhu kufanele kubhalwe enkontilekeni noma esivumelwaneni esihlukene.

Kwenzekani uma umnini-ndlu engayibuyiseli idiphozithi? Umqashi angafaka isikhalo kuKhomishana wesifundazwe wakhe we-Rental Housing Tribunal. I-Tribunal ingayala umnini-ndlu ukuthi abuyisele idiphozithi kanye nenzalo futhi ingabeka nezinhlawulo ezengeziwe.

Ingabe umnini-ndlu kufanele afakaze umonakalo ukuze aqinisekise ukudonswa? Yebo. Umthwalo wobufakazi usemahlombe omnini-ndlu. Yingakho ukuhlolwa kokungena nokuphuma okunobufakazi bezithombe kubalulekile.

Ingabe umnini-ndlu angayenyusa idiphozithi ngesikhathi senkontileka? Kuphela uma inkontileka inesigaba esivumela ukwenyuswa kwediphozithi (ngokuvamile kuhlotshaniswa nokwenyuka kwerenti kwaminyaka yonke). Umqashi kufanele avume imigomo ngesikhathi sokusayina inkontileka.

Kuthiwani uma umqashi enqaba ukuya ekuhlolweni ndawonye? Bamemele ngokubhaliwe (nge-imeyili noma incwadi) ngosuku nesikhathi esiphakanyisiwe. Uma bengaphenduli noma benqaba ukuza, qhubeka nokuhlola, bhala konke ngokucophelela, futhi ugcine ubufakazi bokuthi wazama ukukuhlela.

Lungisa imithetho yediphozithi yokuqasha eNingizimu Afrika kusukela osukwini lokuqala. Landelela idiphozithi, inzalo, nemihla yokugcina yokubuyisela endaweni eyodwa nge-Indlu.