Imikhawulo Yomthwalo Wama-Axle Amaloli eNingizimu Afrika: Ithebula Elisemthethweni

Iningi lemihlahlandlela mayelana nemikhawulo yama-axle aseNingizimu Afrika ikunika izinombolo ezine: u-7 700 kg, u-9 000 kg, u-18 000 kg, u-24 000 kg. Lokho akulona iphutha, kodwa akuphelele. Ithebula langempela ku-TRH11, incwadi yesizinda yobuchwepheshe yoMnyango Wezokuthutha yoMthetho 240 weMithetho Kazwelonke Yezokuhamba Emgwaqweni, ihlukanisa imikhawulo ngokuthi i-axle iyaqondisa yini, ingaba namasondo amabili yini, nokuthi mangaki ama-axle akulelo qembu. Ukhetha umugqa ongalungile futhi ungase ube ugcwele ngokweqile ngokomthetho ngenkathi ucabanga ukuthi ukhona ngaphakathi kwemikhawulo.

UMthetho 240: Ithebula Eliphelele, Hhayi Inguqulo Elula

UMthetho 240 weMithetho Kazwelonke Yezokuhamba Emgwaqweni ubeka umthwalo ophezulu osemthethweni ovunyelwe kuma-axle nakumaqembu ama-axle. Ngokusho kweSithombe 3.1 se-TRH11, umbhalo wezobuchwepheshe woMnyango Wezokuthutha mayelana nemikhawulo yobukhulu nesisindo:

Uhlelo lwe-axle	I-axle eyodwa	Iqembu le-tandem (ama-axle ama-2)	Iqembu le-tridem (ama-axle ama-3)
I-steering axle	7 700 kg	15 400 kg	23 100 kg
Engaqondisi, amasondo ayodwa	8 000 kg	16 000 kg	24 000 kg
Engaqondisi, amasondo amabili	9 000 kg	18 000 kg	24 000 kg

Izinombolo ozobona zicashunwa yonke indawo (7 700 / 9 000 / 18 000 / 24 000) ziyinombolo ye-steering axle kanye nomugqa wamasondo amabili, ngoba yilokho okuwuhlelo kumaloli amaningi aqinile nasezinhlanganiselweni ze-articulated. Kodwa uma i-trailer yakho isebenzisa ama-axle amasondo ayodwa esikhundleni samabili, umkhawulo wakho we-tandem osemthethweni ungu-16 000 kg, hhayi u-18 000 kg. Hlola uhlelo lwangempela lwe-axle netayara yeveyikhuli yakho ngokumelene nomugqa ofanele ngaphambi kokuba wenze isiqagelo senombolo.

I-Gross Vehicle Mass ne-Gross Combination Mass

UMthetho 239 udinga ukuthi i-Gross Vehicle Mass (GVM), i-Gross Combination Mass (GCM), nanoma yimuphi umthwalo we-axle noma we-axle-unit oshicilelwe kupuleti lolwazi lweveyikhuli, njengoba kunqunywe ngumkhiqizi, kungadluliswa. Isisindo sakho esivumelekile sihlala siyi-engaphansi kunalokho umkhiqizi akubekile epuletini nalokho isamba samaqembu ama-axle akho (okukhawulelwe ifomula yebhuloho engezansi) sivumelayo.

Ngaphezu kwalowo mkhawulo wepuleti lomkhiqizi, uMthetho 237 ubeka uphahla lwemithetho oluqinile: isisindo esiphezulu esivumelekile senhlanganisela asikwazi ukudlula u-56 000 kg, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi izamba zamaqembu ama-axle nefomula yebhuloho zingase zivumele kangakanani ngokwehlukile — ngaphandle kwalapho imoto edonsayo iyi-haulage tractor enge-axle eyodwa yokushayela, lapho inhlanganisela ikhawulelwa ku-48 000 kg esikhundleni salokho. UMthetho 236 ubeka uphahla olulinganayo lwe-56 000 kg wemoto eyodwa, engeyona inhlanganisela. Bheka umbhalo ohlanganisiwe woMthetho Kazwelonke Wezokuhamba Emgwaqweni Nemithetho, amakhasi 262-263, ngemithetho 236 no-237 ngokugcwele.

Ifomula Yebhuloho: UMthetho 241

UMthetho 241 ubeka uphahla phezu kwesisindo esingathwalwa yiqembu lama-axle, ngokususela ebangeni eliphakathi kwe-axle yokuqala neyokugcina kulelo qembu, ukuze kuvikelwe amabhuloho nezihlambi kunokuba kuvikelwe umgwaqo uqobo. Ngokusho kwe-TRH11 isigaba 3.5.1, ifomula ichazwa ngqo kanje:

P = 18 000 + 2 100 × L

Lapho u-P eyisisindo esiphezulu esivumelekile seqembu lama-axle ngamakhilogremu, futhi u-L uyibanga elisuka enkabeni ye-axle yokuqala liye enkabeni ye-axle yokugcina kulelo qembu, kulinganiswa ngamamitha futhi kuqongelelwa kuye kokhweshu olulandelayo lwesishumi lwemitha.

Isibonelo esisebenzisiwe: ama-axle abekwe ngamabanga ka-4,5 m kuye komunye akhawulelwe ku-18 000 + (2 100 × 4,5) = 27 450 kg, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ithebula elivamile ngamunye we-axle group ngenhla belingase livumele ini. Ifomula yebhuloho ingaba isibopho esibophezelayo ezinhlanganiselweni ezinde ngisho noma iqembu ngalinye lama-axle likhona ngaphakathi komkhawulo walo, ngakho hlola kokubili.

Isheduli Yenhlawulo Yokugcwalisa Ngokweqile

Cishe zonke izinsizakusiza ze-blog zamaloli aseNingizimu Afrika zicaphuna inani lenhlawulo yokugcwalisa ngokweqile, futhi zivame ukungavumelani. Iwebhusayithi ka-RTMC uqobo ibuyise izixhumanisi ezingasebenzi namaphepha e-PDF akhenywe angafundeki phakathi nalokhu kubuyekezwa, kodwa isheduli yangempela ikhona kuzo iMithetho ye-AARTO uqobo, futhi iyachaza ukungavumelani kunokuba inqume inombolo eyodwa.

• Isheduli enembayo yenhlawulo yokugcwalisa ngokweqile ngo-Rand. Imithetho ye-AARTO, 2008, Uhlu 3 — incwadi esemthethweni yenhlawulo ye-AARTO, eshicilelwe ngaphansi koMthetho Wokwahlulela Okuphathelene Nokuthobela Iziphambeko Zomgwaqo — ibeka inhlawulo yokuphatha egradiwe yokudlula umthwalo osemthethweni we-axle, i-axle-unit, noma isisindo esiphelele semoto/senhlanganisela (imithetho 234, 235, 236, 237 no-241 yeMithetho Kazwelonke Yezokuhamba Emgwaqweni): u-R250 wokugcwalisa ngokweqile kuka-2-3.99% womkhawulo, ukhuphuka ngezinyathelo kuye ku-R1 500 ku-12-13.99%, ngaphambi kwesaphulelo esivamile sokukhokha kusenesikhathi esithwalwa iziphambeko eziningi ze-AARTO. Ku-13.99% noma ngaphezulu, icala liguqulwa livela eziphambekweni ezinenhlawulo eqinile liye emacaleni edluliselwa enkantolo, lapho inhlawulo ikhona ngokwesinqumo sejaji kunokuba imiswa yisheduli.

Leso sakhiwo sesigaba esibili sinikeza incazelo yangempela yezinombolo “ezihlukene kakhulu” ozobona zicashunwa: eqale phansi (amakhulu ambalwa kuye ku-R1 500) iyinhlawulo emiswayo ye-AARTO yokugcwalisa ngokweqile okumaphakathi, futhi ephakeme (izinhlawulo ezibekwa yinkantolo ezibikwa zifinyelela ku-R120 000-R240 000) yisinqumo sejaji sokugcwalisa ngokweqile okunzima noma okuphindaphindwayo ngale kombano wamaphesenti angu-13.99%. Zombili izinombolo ziyiqiniso; zichaza amazinga ahlukene obunzima beziphambeko efanayo, hhayi izimangalo eziphikisanayo mayelana nenombolo eyodwa.

Izibopho Zabathumeli Nabemukeli: Imithetho 330A kuya ku-330D

Imithetho 330A kuya ku-330D yeMithetho Kazwelonke Yezokuhamba Emgwaqweni, 2000, ibeka izibopho ezine kubathumeli nabemukeli: ukuvinjelwa kokwenza noma ukwamukela impahla emotweni egcwaliswe ngokweqile (330A), isidingo sokuthi umthumeli asebenzise indlela ebhaliwe yokunquma isisindo somthwalo futhi agcine amarekhodi ngayo (330B), isimemezelo sempahla okumele sihambe nemoto sihlanganisa imoto, umthwalo, nabathintekayo (330C), kanye nesidingo sokuthi impahla ethuthwayo nemoto zibe nomshwalense ophelele ngokumelene nomonakalo wesigameko (330D). Izincazelo zoMthetho 1 zikhawulela “umthumeli” no”mamukeli” kuphela kubathintekayo abathuthisa amakhilogremu angaphezu kuka-500 000 ngendlela ngenyanga, futhi lonke uhlelo lwaqala ukusebenza ngomhla ka-31 Januwari 2015.

Lokhu kuqinisekiswa ngqo kusukela embhalweni ohlanganisiwe womthetho, hhayi kuphela izifingqo ezisekelayo: imithetho 330A–330D nezincazelo ezisekelwe kwisisindo zafakwa ngoMthetho 73 noMthetho 2(c) ngokulandelana kwe-Government Notice R846 ku-Government Gazette 38142 ka-31 Okthoba 2014, ngoMthetho 73 uqala ukusebenza ngomhla ka-31 Januwari 2015. Bheka umbhalo ohlanganisiwe woMthetho Kazwelonke Wezokuhamba Emgwaqweni Nemithetho, okuqhathaniswe nesifingqo sika-gov.za sika-Government Gazette 38142.

Lokhu Kushoni Ngomkhumbi Wakho

Kungakhathaliseki inani lenhlawulo elinembile, ukuthinteka kokoqobo kuyafana: ukugcwalisa ngokweqile kumisa imoto yakho esitokisini sokukala, kubambe umthwalo kuze kulungiswe, futhi kubeke inzuzo yohambo engozini kungakhathaliseki ukuthi yisiphi isibalo esisebenza kuwe kulelo bakwa lenhlawulo. Indlela yokugwema ukuthola ukuthi yiliphi inani elisebenzayo ukwazi uhlelo lwakho lwangempela lwe-axle ngokumelene nethebula elingenhla, nokuhlola imithwalo ehleliwe ngokumelene nakho kokubili umkhawulo weqembu le-axle ovamile nefomula yebhuloho ngaphambi kokuba iloli ishiye igceke.

I-sistimu yokuphatha ukuthutha egcina uhlelo lwangempela lwe-axle lwezimoto zakho (ukuqondisa, amasondo amabili noma ayodwa, ukubekwa kweqembu) ingaveza umthwalo ohleliwe ngokumelene nomugqa olungile wethebula ngokuzenzakalelayo, esikhundleni sokuncika kunoma ngubani ohlela uhambo ukuthi akhumbule ukuthi yimuphi umkhawulo osebenza kuyiphi itrela. Lelo rekhodi ngokwalo futhi ubufakazi obudingwa ukuhlolwa kwe-RTMS ngaphansi kwezidingo zayo zokulawula umthwalo.

I-Thwala igcina uhlelo lweveyikhuli, imithwalo ehleliwe, namarekhodi ohambo endaweni eyodwa yabasebenzisi bezokuthutha baseNingizimu Afrika. Bona indlela i-Thwala esekela ngayo ukuthobela komkhumbi.

Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa

Ingabe umkhawulo we-axle yeloli eNingizimu Afrika uhlala ungu-9 000 kg?

Kuphela nge-axle engaqondisi enamasondo amabili. I-steering axle ikhawulelwe ku-7 700 kg, futhi i-axle engaqondisi enamasondo ayodwa ikhawulelwe ku-8 000 kg. Hlola ukuthi yimuphi umugqa wethebula loMthetho 240 ohambisana nohlelo lwakho lwangempela lwe-axle netayara.

Iyini ifomula yebhuloho futhi isebenza nini?

Ifomula yebhuloho yoMthetho 241 (P = 18 000 + 2 100 × L, lapho u-L uyibanga ngamamitha phakathi kwe-axle yokuqala neyokugcina yeqembu) ingakhawulela isisindo esisemthethweni seqembu ngaphansi kwalokho ithebula elivamile ngeqembu livumelayo, ikakhulukazi emabangeni amafushane e-axle. Kokubili imikhawulo iyasebenza; ubophekile yileyo ephansi.

Yimalini inhlawulo yokugcwalisa ngokweqile eNingizimu Afrika?

Kwehla ngokwezinga lobunzima. IMithetho ye-AARTO, 2008, Uhlu 3 ibeka inhlawulo yokuphatha eqinile ekhuphuka ngephesenti lokugcwalisa ngokweqile, kusukela ku-R250 (2-3.99% ngaphezu komkhawulo) kuye ku-R1 500 (12-13.99% ngaphezulu), ngaphambi kwesaphulelo esivamile sokukhokha kusenesikhathi. Uma ugcwalisa ngokweqile ngo-13.99% noma ngaphezulu, indaba iya enkantolo esikhundleni sokuthwala inhlawulo emiswayo, okuyilapho izinombolo ezibikwa zinkulu kakhulu — kuze kufinyelele ku-R120 000-R240 000 ezimeni ezinzima noma eziphindaphindwayo — zivela khona.

Ingabe ama-consignor athwala noma iyiphi inkokhelo esemthethweni yokugcwalisa ngokweqile?

Yebo. Imithetho 330A kuya ku-330D yeMithetho Kazwelonke Yezokuhamba Emgwaqweni ivimbela umthumeli noma umamukeli ekwenzeni noma ekwamukeleni impahla emotweni egcwaliswe ngokweqile, futhi idinga indlela ebhaliwe yokunquma isisindo somthwalo, isimemezelo sempahla esihamba nemoto, kanye nomshwalense ophelele wempahla nemoto. Lezi zibopho zisebenza kubathumeli nabemukeli abathuthisa amakhilogremu angaphezu kuka-500 000 ngendlela ngenyanga, futhi ziyasebenza kusukela ngomhla ka-31 Januwari 2015. Hlola nochwepheshe wokuthobela wezokuthutha mayelana nokuthi lokhu kusebenza kanjani esikhundleni sakho sengozi.