Isofthiwe Yokuthuthukisa I-Sectional Title (SA): Amaphlani, Irejista Nokudluliswa

I-sectional title iyisisekelo samabhilidi ezindlu eziphakeme, amakhompleksi e-townhouse kanye nemiskimu eminingi yokuhlala enamayunithi amaningi eNingizimu Afrika. Kuphinde kube yindawo lapho amathuluzi ajwayelekile okuphatha amaphrojekthi awa khona ngokuthula. Indlu enomhlaba wayo yodwa (i-freehold) inesabelo esisodwa, umnikazi oyedwa, kanye nokudluliselwa okukodwa. Ukuthuthukiswa kwe-sectional title kunephlani le-sectional title, i-body corporate okufanele isungulwe, irejista lamayunithi nezindawo zokusetshenziswa okukhethekile, kanye nomfuziselo wokudluliselwa okwenziwe ngezigaba njengoba abathengi bethatha isikhundla. Isofthiwe eyakhelwe indlu eyodwa kayinawo umqondo wokubamba noma yikuphi kwalokho.

Lo mhlahlandlela uchaza lokho isofthiwe okufanele ikuphathe ekuthuthukisweni kwe-sectional title eNingizimu Afrika, lapho amathuluzi ejwayelekile okuphatha amaphrojekthi ehluleka khona, kanye nendlela yokugcina ukwakha, ukuthengisa nochungechunge lokubhaliswa kuhambisana esikhundleni sokwehlukana emasheethini.

Kungani i-sectional title yephula amathuluzi ajwayelekile

Inkinga iqala kumodeli yedatha. Ithuluzi lephrojekthi ejwayelekile licabanga ngemisebenzi kanye nesabelomali esisodwa. Iskimu se-sectional title sicabanga ngamayunithi — ngalinye linamaphesenti okubamba iqhaza, inombolo yesigaba, mhlawumbe indawo yokusetshenziswa okukhethekile, ukuthengiswa kwalo, uhlu lwalo lwezinkinga kanye nosuku lwalo lokudluliselwa — konke kuhlangana kube uhlelo, isabelomali kanye ne-body corporate okusezingeni leskimu.

Uma ithuluzi lakho lingenawo umqondo werejista lamayunithi, ugcina ulilondoloza kusheethi ehlukene. Leyo sheethi kufanele ihambisaniswe ngesandla nohlelo lokwakha, isimo sokuthengiswa, kanye nohlelo lokudluliselwa lommeli wokudlulisa. Ukuhambisaniswa ngakunye kwalokho kuyithuba lokuthi iqiniso lihlukane, futhi kusiskimu se-sectional title, iqiniso elihlukene lisho ukuthi ukudluliselwa komthengi kuyabambezeleka noma i-body corporate inikelwa ngamadokhumenti angekho.

Okufanele kwenziwe isofthiwe yokuthuthukisa i-sectional title

Inkundla efanele ukuthuthukiswa kwe-sectional title yaseNingizimu Afrika idinga ukuthwala iskimu emazingeni amabili ngasikhathi sinye: iskimu sonke, kanye neyunithi ngayinye ngokwayo. Amakhono angezansi yiwo ahlukanisa ukusekelwa kwangempela kwe-sectional title kuthuluzi lephrojekthi olunohlu lwamayunithi olunanyekwe emuva.

Irejista lamayunithi

Iyunithi ngayinye, inombolo yayo yesigaba, amaphesenti okubamba iqhaza, izindawo zokusetshenziswa okukhethekile, isimo sokuthengiswa kanye nesimo sokudluliselwa, kuyindawo eyodwa lapho uhlelo lokwakha kanye nochungechunge lokuthengiswa kufunda khona kokubili. Lokhu kuwumgogodla weskimu se-sectional title, futhi akufanele kuhlale kusheethi ehlukene.

Ukusungulwa kwe-body corporate

Iskimu se-sectional title siphela nge-body corporate okufanele inikelwe uhlelo olusebenzayo: imithetho, isabelomali sokuqala, uhlelo lokugcinwa kanye nesethi ephelele yamadokhumenti. Isofthiwe kufanele isize ukuhlanganisa leyo phakethe yokunikelwa njengoba iskimu siqhubeka, hhayi ukuyiyeka ukuthi yakhiwe kabusha nge-imeyili ekugcineni.

Ukudluliselwa okwenziwa ngezigaba

Amayunithi ayadluliselwa ngokuhamba kwesikhathi njengoba abathengi bethatha isikhundla, futhi ukudluliselwa ngakunye kuncike ekutheni irejista selivuliwe, iyunithi seliphelele futhi lihambisana nemithetho, kanye nokuthi inqubo yokudlulisa isesimeni esihle. Ukulandelela ukulungela kokudluliselwa ngayunithi — ukwakha okuphelele, izinkinga eziseshiwe, amadokhumenti okuhambisana afakiwe — kugcina ummeli wokudlulisa eqhubeka esikhundleni sokulinda.

Ukwabela izindleko ezihlanganyelwe

Impahla ehlanganyelwe — imigwaqo, izinsizakalo, ukuhlobisa, i-clubhouse — iyindleko yangempela okufanele ithwalwe iskimu futhi, ekugcineni, yatshwe. Ukwabela izindleko ezihlanganyelwe kuwo wonke amayunithi ngesisekelo esichaziwe kuyinto amabhajethi ajwayelekile angeke akwazi ukuyenza, futhi kuyilona hlobo lokucabanga ngamayunithi amaningi iskimu se-sectional title esikudingayo.

Ukugcina ukwakha, ukuthengisa nokubhaliswa kuhambisana

Ingxenye enzima kakhulu yokuthuthukiswa kwe-sectional title akuyona noma yikuphi kokwakha, ukuthengisa noma ukubhaliswa. Ukugcina zontathu zihambisana. Iyunithi ethengisiwe kodwa engakakhiwa ayikwazi ukudluliselwa. Iyunithi eyakhiwe kodwa inezinkinga ezingakavalwa akufanele idluliselwe. Iskimu okungakavulwa irejista laso alikwazi ukudlulisa lutho.

Isofthiwe eyakhelwe injongo ithile igcina lokhu kuhambisana ngokwenza kufunde kusukela erekhodini elifanayo. Uhlelo lwesikhathi lwe-Gantt lwe-Wakha lubamba uhlelo lokwakha oline-milestones nokuncikana, ngakho ukubambezeleka kwebhulokhi kuvela kumayunithi akulo. Ukuphathwa kwesabelomali sayo kanye nesikhungo sokuphatha i-cash flow silandelela izindleko nama-drawdown nge-ZAR kuso sonke iskimu. Idayari yayo yesayithi yeselula ithwebula inqubekela phambili, izinkinga kanye nokuhlolwa ngayunithi kusuka endaweni. Futhi ipotali layo labathengi linika umthengi ngamunye umbono wenqubekela phambili, okubaluleke kakhulu kusiskimu se-sectional title lapho abathengi bezibophezela kusenesikhathi futhi belinda phakathi kokwakha okude.

Isidingo se-sectional title	Ithuluzi lephrojekthi ejwayelekile	Isofthiwe yaseSA eyakhelwe injongo
Irejista lamayunithi	Isheethi eyenziwe ngasese	Kwakhelwe ngaphakathi, kuso sonke iskimu
Ukwabela izindleko ezihlanganyelwe	Ukwabiwa ngesandla	Kwabelwe kuwo wonke amayunithi
Ukulungela kokudluliselwa ngayunithi	Akulandelelwa	Kulandelelwa nokuhambisana
Ukubhaliswa kwe-NHBRC ngayunithi	Kwehlukene	Kusohlelweni lokulandela imithetho
Iphakethe lokunikelwa le-body corporate	Yakhiwa kabusha ekugcineni	Ihlanganiswa njengoba uqhubeka

Uchungechunge lwe-sectional title, ngamafuphi

Ukuze ubone ukuthi kungani isofthiwe kufanele icabange ngamayunithi, kusiza ukukhumbula ukuthi iskimu se-sectional title sakheka kanjani ngempela. Umlinganisi womhlaba udwebe iphlani le-sectional title, ehlukanisa isakhiwo sibe yizigaba nempahla ehlanganyelwe futhi anike isigaba ngasinye amaphesenti okubamba iqhaza. Iphlani liyavunywa futhi irejista le-sectional title livulwa e-Deeds Office, okuyilapho amayunithi esemthethweni khona futhi engadluliswa. I-body corporate iba khona ngokuzenzakalela uma iyunithi lokuqala lidluliselwa kumthengi ongesiye umthuthukisi, futhi kusukela ngaleso sikhathi kunenhlangano yangempela enemithetho, isabelomali kanye nesibopho sokugcinwa.

Isinyathelo ngasinye kulezo saziwa ngeyunithi. Amaphesenti okubamba iqhaza abekwe ephlanini adonsa amalevi kanye nezabelo zezindleko ezihlanganyelwe kamuva. Ukuvulwa kwerejista kuvimbela ukudluliselwa ngakunye. Ukudluliselwa kokuqala kudala i-body corporate. Ithuluzi elingakwazi ukubamba irejista lamayunithi alikwazi ukulandelela lutho lwalokhu; likwazi ukulandelela imisebenzi kuphela, yingakho abathuthukisi begcina bebhekene nokusebenzisa ubuchwepheshe bangempela be-sectional title kusheethi eceleni kwesofthiwe abayikhokhele.

Amaphutha avamile e-sectional title isofthiwe ewavimbelayo

Amaphutha ambalwa aphindaphinda ekuthuthukisweni kwe-sectional title, futhi amaningi kuwo ukwehluleka kokuhlanganisa okususwa umthombo owodwa weqiniso.

Ukudlulisa ngaphambi kokuthi iyunithi ilungele ngempela yikho okubiza kakhulu — ukudluliselwa okuphoqelelwe kuqhutshwa nezinkinga ezingakavalwa noma idokhumenti yokuhambisana engekho kudala impikiswano nomthengi osenomthwalo waleyo nkinga. Ukulandelela ukulungela kokudluliselwa ngayunithi, okuxhunywe ezinkingeni nasekuhambisaneni, kuyakuvimbela lokhu. Ukulahlekelwa ukulandelela ukuthi yimaphi amayunithi athengisiwe, agodliwe noma atholakalayo, kuyenye inkinga, futhi kuholela ekuthengiseni okuphindaphindiwe noma ukumaketha okumile; irejista lamayunithi eliphilayo liyakulungisa lokhu. Futhi ukunikela i-body corporate isethi engaphelele yamadokhumenti ekugcineni — ngaphandle kwama-as-built afanele, ngaphandle kwamarekhodi ewaranti, ngaphandle kohlelo lokugcinwa — kuvumba ubudlelwane kusukela osukwini lokuqala futhi kuyagwenywa ngokuhlanganisa iphakethe lokunikelwa njengoba iskimu siqhubeka esikhundleni sokugijima ngokuyifuna kamuva.

Amalevi, ukusetshenziswa okukhethekile kanye nesabelomali se-body corporate

Iskimu se-sectional title asipheli ekuqedweni okusebenzayo; sinikela inhlangano ephilayo. I-body corporate eba khona idinga isabelomali sokuqala, uhlelo lokugcinwa kanye nerekhodi elicacile lokuthi iskimu sakhiwe kanjani — futhi iningi lalokho lisethwa ngesikhathi sokuthuthukiswa, hhayi ngemva kwaso.

Amaphesenti okubamba iqhaza, amiswe ephlanini le-sectional title, adonsa isabelo salevi somnikazi ngamunye kanye nesabelo sabo sezindleko zempahla ehlanganyelwe. Izindawo zokusetshenziswa okukhethekile — indawo yokupaka, ingadi, ikamelo lokugcina okwabelwe iyunithi ethile — kufanele zirekhodwe ngokunembile, ngoba zithinta kokubili lokho umnikazi akulawulayo nalokho akufakayo. Uma le mininingwane isakazekile kusheethi lokuthengisa, ifayela lommeli wokudlulisa, kanye nenkumbulo yomthuthukisi, i-body corporate ithola isidina kusukela osukwini lokuqala.

Isofthiwe egcina irejista lamayunithi ngokufanele ithwala le mininingwane idlule ekuthuthukisweni ingene ephakethe lokunikelwa. Isabelomali salevi sokuqala singakhiwa kusuka kudatha yezindleko efanayo umthuthukisi asevele eyilandela, esikhundleni sokulinganiswa kusukela ekuqaleni. Uhlelo lokugcinwa lingancika kurekhodi le-as-built nasemininingwaneni yewaranti eqoshwe ngesikhathi sokwakha. Umphumela yi-body corporate eqala ngombono ohlanzekile futhi ohambisanayo weskimu — okuwumehluko phakathi kokunikelwa okuhamba kahle nonyaka wokuqala wezingxabano.

Lolu uhlobo lwemininingwane amathuluzi ephrojekthi eyodwa angenandawo yokuyigcina, futhi yingakho abathuthukisi abasebenzisa amaskimu e-sectional title kusofthiwe ejwayelekile begcina bakha kabusha ngesandla umbono we-body corporate ngqo ngesikhathi bezama ukuphuma eskimini.

Lapho i-Wakha ifanelana khona

I-Wakha iyisofthiwe yokwakha nokuthuthukisa impahla yaseNingizimu Afrika. Umlandeli wayo we-NHBRC ne-autocompliance ugcina ukubhaliswa nokuhlolwa kuhlelekile kuwo wonke amayunithi; umlandeli wayo wokuthenga kwe-B-BBEE uphatha ukuchitha ngokwezinga le-BEE ekwakhiweni; izinkokhelo zayo zokuqhubeka zikhuluma i-JBCC, i-NEC ne-GCC; futhi izimali zayo zihamba nge-ZAR ne-VAT.

Ukucabanga ngamayunithi amaningi nangezindleko ezihlanganyelwe okudingwa iskimu se-sectional title yilapho futhi i-Wakha ihluka khona kumathuluzi akhelwe amaphrojekthi ayodwa: izindleko ezingezeskimu sonke zingathwalwa futhi zatshwe, esikhundleni sokuphoqwa emugqeni owodwa ofihla umbono wangempela ngayunithi ngayinye.

Uma uthuthukisa iskimu se-sectional title futhi irejista lamayunithi lisesheethini, bona indlela i-Wakha egcina ngayo ukwakha, ukuthengisa nokubhaliswa kuhambisana: hlola i-Wakha.

Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa

Iyini isofthiwe yokuthuthukisa i-sectional title?

Iyisofthiwe elawula iskimu se-sectional title esikhathini sonke sempilo yaso, ibambe kokubili iskimu neyunithi ngayinye — irejista lamayunithi, amaphesenti okubamba iqhaza, inqubekela phambili yokwakha, isimo sokuthengiswa kanye nokulungela kokudluliselwa — kumthombo owodwa weqiniso. Ngokungafani nethuluzi lephrojekthi ejwayelekile, iyaqonda ukuthi iskimu singamashumi amayunithi ahlangana abe yi-body corporate, hhayi umsebenzi owodwa.

Kungani ngingeke ngisebenzise nje ithuluzi lokuphatha amaphrojekthi elijwayelekile?

Ithuluzi lephrojekthi elijwayelekile alinawo umqondo werejista lamayunithi, izindawo zokusetshenziswa okukhethekile, ukudluliselwa okwenziwe ngezigaba noma ukwabela izindleko ezihlanganyelwe. Ugcina uzilondoloza lezo kumasheethi bese uzihambisanisa ngesandla nokwakha kanye nokuthengisa, okuyilapho ukubambezeleka namadokhumenti angekho angena khona kumaskimu e-sectional title.

Ingakwazi yini ukuphatha ukudluliselwa okwenziwe ngezigaba kanye ne-body corporate?

Isofthiwe eyakhelwe injongo ilandelela ukulungela kokudluliselwa ngayunithi — ukwakha okuphelele, izinkinga eziseshiwe, ukuhambisana okufakiwe — ngakho ukudluliselwa kuqhubeka njengoba amayunithi eqeda kunokuba konke kanyekanye. Kufanele futhi isize ukuhlanganisa iphakethe lokunikelwa le-body corporate njengoba iskimu siqhubeka, esikhundleni sokuyakha kabusha nge-imeyili ekugcineni.

Iyalilandelela yini ukubhaliswa kwe-NHBRC kuyunithi ngayinye?

Kufanele ikwenze. Iyunithi ngayinye yokuhlala idinga ukubhaliswa kwe-NHBRC, futhi ukuphatha lokhu kuso sonke iskimu kulula kakhulu ngaphakathi komlandeli wokuhambisana kunakusheethi. Umlandeli we-Wakha we-NHBRC ne-autocompliance ugcina ukubhaliswa nokuhlolwa kuhlelekile kuwo wonke amayunithi eskimini.

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