Ukubambezeleka Kokukhokha Ekwakheni KweNingizimu Afrika: Vikela Ukugeleza Kwemali

Ukukhokha sekwephuzile kubhubhisa amabhizinisi okwakha aseNingizimu Afrika. Akusikho ukusebenza okubi. Akusikho ukukhuphuka kwezindleko zezinto zokwakha. Ngisho ukucishwa kukagesi akusona isizathu esikhulu - noma nakho kungasizi. Isizathu esikhulu sokwehluleka kwabonkontileka amakhasimende angakhokhi ngesikhathi, okukushiya uxhasa amaphrojekthi ngemali yakho ngenkathi ulinde izinsuku ezingama-60, 90, noma ngisho eziyi-120 ukuze ukhokhelwe.

Embonini yezokwakha yaseNingizimu Afrika, ukubambezeleka kokukhokha akusona isiphazamiso esenzeka ngezikhathi ezithile - kuyinto evamile. Imijikelezo yokukhokha yezinsuku ezingama-60-90 ivamile, noma izingkontileka zibhala imigomo yezinsuku ezingama-30. Ama-retention abopha u-5-10% wenani lenkontileka yakho izinyanga noma iminyaka. Futhi uma kuvela izingxabano ngekhwalithi yomsebenzi noma ama-variation, ukukhokha kungama ngokuphelele, kukushiye ungenamali yokukhokha ama-subcontractor, abahlinzeki, noma ithimba lakho.

Lo mhlahlandlela uchaza ukuthi ungavikela kanjani ibhizinisi lakho lokwakha ekukhokheni sekwephuzile. Uhlanganisa ubukhulu benkinga, amalungelo akho asemthethweni ngaphansi kwezingkontileka zokwakha zaseNingizimu Afrika, izimbangela zokubambezeleka kokukhokha, indlela yokukuvimbela, okufanele ukwenze lapho ukukhokha kubambezelekile, nokuthi kungani izinhlelo ezifanele zibalulekile ekulandeleleni izitifiketi nasekugelezeni kwemali.

Ukukhokha Sekwephuzile Ekwakheni eNingizimu Afrika: Ubukhulu Benkinga

Ukukhokha sekwephuzile kuyinkinga yesistimu embonini yezokwakha yaseNingizimu Afrika. Ngokocwaningo lwemboni, isikhathi esimaphakathi sokukhokha umsebenzi wokwakha eNingizimu Afrika yizinsuku ezingama-60-90, yize izingkontileka eziningi zisho imigomo yezinsuku ezingama-30. Leli gebe lokukhokha lidala inkinga enkulu yokugeleza kwemali kubonkontileka okufanele baqale baxhase izinto zokwakha, abasebenzi, nezindleko zokuphatha.

Umjikelezo Wokukhokha Wezinsuku ezingama-60-90

Izingkontileka eziningi zokwakha eNingizimu Afrika zisebenza ngomjikelezo wokukhokha wezinsuku ezingama-30 ukusuka esitifiketini kuya ekukhokheni. Kodwa iqiniso livame ukuba ngelihlukile: uqeda umsebenzi eVikini 1, uthumele isitifiketi sokukhokha eVikini 2, ulinde ukuvunywa eVikini 3, ukhiphe i-invoice eVikini 4, bese uthola inkokhelo ezinsukwini ezingama-30 emva kwe-invoice - uma unenhlanhla.

Lokho kusho izinsuku ezingama-60-90 kusukela ngesikhathi uchitha imali ezintweni zokwakha nasebasebenzini kuya ngesikhathi uthola inkokhelo. Ngaleso sikhathi, uxhasa iphrojekthi ngemali yakho yokusebenza. Kubonkontileka abaphethe amaphrojekthi amaningi, lokhu kuyanda - amaphrojekthi amathathu ka-R2 million angasho ukuthi udinga u-R2-R2.5 million wemali yokusebenza ukuze uvale igebe lokugeleza kwemali.

Inkinga Ye-Retention

Ama-retention andisa inkinga yokukhokha sekwephuzile. Izingkontileka eziningi zokwakha eNingizimu Afrika zifaka isigaba se-retention - ngokuvamile u-5-10% wesitifiketi ngasinye sokukhokha ubanjwa kuze kube yi-practical completion, kwesinye isikhathi kuze kuphele i-defects liability period (imvamisa izinyanga eziyi-12).

Kuprojekthi ka-R5 million ene-retention engu-10%, lokho kusho u-R500,000 oboshiwe cishe izinyanga eziyi-18-24. Leyo mali ayikuzuzeli inzalo - ihleli ku-akhawunti yekhasimende kuyilapho wena usuyisebenzisile ezintweni zokwakha nasebasebenzini. Futhi uma i-practical completion ibambezelekile, ukukhululwa kwe-retention nako kuyabambezeleka, kwandise igebe lakho lokugeleza kwemali.

Ukubambezeleka Ngenxa Yezingxabano

Uma kuvela izingxabano ngekhwalithi yomsebenzi, ama-variation, noma izitifiketi zokukhokha, ukukhokha kungama ngokuphelele. Amakhasimende kwesinye isikhathi asebenzisa izingxabano ukubambezela ukukhokha, akushiye ungenamali ngenkathi uxazulula udaba. Ngisho noma izingxabano zigcina zixazululwa kuwe, ukubambezeleka sekuvele kulimazile ukugeleza kwemali yakho.

Uhlaka Lomthetho: Amalungelo Akho Ngaphansi Kwezingkontileka Zokwakha ZaseNingizimu Afrika

Izingkontileka zokwakha zaseNingizimu Afrika zikunikeza ukuvikeleka ngokomthetho ekukhokheni sekwephuzile, kodwa kuphela uma uqonda amalungelo akho futhi uwaphoqa. I-Construction Industry Development Board (CIDB), isitifiketi sokukhokha se-JBCC, nezingkontileka ze-NEC ne-GCC zonke zifaka imigomo yezikhathi zokukhokha, inzalo yokukhokha sekwephuzile, kanye nokuxazulula izingxabano.

Imihlahlandlela Ye-CIDB Yemikhuba Emihle Yokukhokha

I-CIDB ishicilele imihlahlandlela yemikhuba emihle yezigaba zokukhokha nenzalo yokukhokha sekwephuzile. Yize ingabophi ngokuphelele ngokomthetho, le mihlahlandlela ibeka amazinga emboni futhi ikunikeza amandla uma amakhasimende ebambezela ukukhokha.

Imihlahlandlela yokukhokha ye-CIDB:

Ukukhokha kufanele kwenziwe phakathi kwezinsuku ezingama-30 ze-invoice
Inzalo yokukhokha sekwephuzile kufanele ibizwe nge-prime rate plus 2%
Izingxabano kufanele zixazululwe ngokushesha ukugwema ukubambezeleka kokukhokha
Izitifiketi zokukhokha kufanele zikhishwe ngaphakathi kweminqamulajuqu yenkontileka
I-retention kufanele ikhishwe ngesikhathi ku-practical completion naku-final completion

Faka le mihlahlandlela ezingxenyeni zenkontileka nakuma-invoice akho. Iqinisa isikhundla sakho uma amakhasimende ebambezela ukukhokha futhi ikhombisa ukuthi okulindelekile kwakho kuhambisana namazinga emboni.

Izikhathi Zokukhokha Ze-JBCC Nezigaba Zenzalo

Amafomu enkontileka e-JBCC (Joint Building Contracts Committee) asetshenziswa kakhulu ekwakheni eNingizimu Afrika. Ngaphansi kwe-JBCC PBA 2018, izitifiketi zokukhokha kufanele zikhishwe phakathi kwezinsuku eziyi-7-14 ngemuva kokuthola isimangalo sikankontileka, futhi ukukhokha kufanele kwenziwe phakathi kwezinsuku eziyi-14 ngemuva kokukhishwa kwesitifiketi.

Imigomo yokukhokha ye-JBCC:

Unkontileka uthumela isimangalo sokukhokha ngosuku olushiwo (imvamisa zingama-25 zenyanga)
I-principal agent ikhipha isitifiketi phakathi kwezinsuku eziyi-7-14
Umqashi ukhokha phakathi kwezinsuku eziyi-14 kusukela osukwini lwesitifiketi
Inzalo yokukhokha sekwephuzile nge-prime rate plus 2% (uma inkontileka ikuvumela)

Izingkontileka ze-JBCC nazo zifaka izigaba zenzalo ekukhokheni sekwephuzile. Uma ukukhokha kungenziwanga ngosuku olufanele, unelungelo lenzalo ngesilinganiso esishiwo enkontilekeni (imvamisa i-prime rate plus 2%). Le nzalo iqongelela nsuku zonke kuze kutholakale ukukhokha.

Izigaba Zokukhokha Ze-NEC

Izingkontileka ze-NEC (New Engineering Contract) ziya ngokuya zisetshenziswa ekwakheni eNingizimu Afrika, ikakhulukazi kumaphrojekthi engqalasizinda. Izingkontileka ze-NEC zifaka izikhathi eziqinile zokukhokha nezigaba zenzalo.

Imigomo yokukhokha ye-NEC:

Izitifiketi zokukhokha zikhishwa ngezikhawu ezishiwo (imvamisa nyanga zonke)
Ukukhokha kufuneka phakathi kwesikhathi esishiwo (imvamisa izinsuku eziyi-14)
Inzalo yokukhokha sekwephuzile ngesilinganiso esishiwo
Ukuxazulula izingxabano nge-adjudication

Izingkontileka ze-NEC nazo zifaka izigaba zokumisa umsebenzi uma ukukhokha kungatholakali, okukunika isisekelo senkontileka sokuthatha isinyathelo uma amakhasimende ebambezela ukukhokha.

Imigomo Yokukhokha Ye-GCC

Izingkontileka ze-GCC (General Conditions of Contract) zivame ukusetshenziswa kumaphrojekthi kahulumeni nawomphakathi. Izingkontileka ze-GCC zifaka imigomo yokukhokha nezigaba zenzalo ezifana neze-JBCC.

Imigomo yokukhokha ye-GCC:

Izitifiketi zokukhokha zikhishwa nyanga zonke
Ukukhokha kufuneka phakathi kwezinsuku ezingama-30 zesitifiketi
Inzalo yokukhokha sekwephuzile nge-prime rate plus 2%
Ukuxazulula izingxabano nge-arbitration

Ukuqonda imigomo yokukhokha yenkontileka yakho kubalulekile. Uma inkontileka yakho isho imigomo yezinsuku ezingama-30 kodwa wena ulinde izinsuku ezingama-90, unesisekelo esisemthethweni sokubiza inzalo nokukhulisa udaba.

Izimbangela Zokukhokha Sekwephuzile: Kungani Amakhasimende Engakhokhi Ngesikhathi

Ukuqonda ukuthi kungani amakhasimende ebambezela ukukhokha kukusiza uvimbele inkinga. Izimbangela ezivamile zihlanganisa izingxabano ngekhwalithi yomsebenzi, ukubambezeleka kokuphatha, izinkinga zokugeleza kwemali zekhasimende, nezinhla zokuvunywa eziyinkimbinkimbi.

Ingxabano Ngekhwalithi Yomsebenzi

Amakhasimende avame ukubambezela ukukhokha uma ephikisa ikhwalithi yomsebenzi, ethi umsebenzi awuhlangabezani nezicaciso noma iziphambeko kufanele zilungiswe ngaphambi kokukhokha. Yize ezinye izingxabano zifanele, ezinye zisetshenziswa njengendlela yokubambezela ukukhokha noma ukuxoxisana amanani aphansi.

Ukuvimbela izingxabano zekhwalithi:

Bhala umsebenzi ngokuphelele ngezithombe nama-site diary
Thola imvume ebhaliwe yama-variation ngaphambi kokwenza umsebenzi
Lungisa iziphambeko ngokushesha lapho zibonakala
Gcina ukuxhumana kucacile ne-principal agent
Thumela izitifiketi zokukhokha ezinemininingwane namadokhumenti asekelayo

Izingxabano zekhwalithi kulula ukuzivimbela kunokuzixazulula. Ngokubhala umsebenzi ngokuphelele nokugcina ukuxhumana kucacile, unciphisa amathuba ezingxabano ezibambezela ukukhokha.

Ukubambezeleka Kokuphatha

Ukubambezeleka kokuphatha kuyimbangela evamile yokukhokha sekwephuzile. Amakhasimende angabambezela izitifiketi zokukhokha ngenxa yalokhu:

Umthwalo omkhulu noma ukungatholakali kwe-principal agent
Izinhla zokuvunywa eziyinkimbinkimbi ezidinga ama-sign-off amaningi
Izitifiketi zokukhokha ezingaphelele noma ezingacacile
Ukushoda kwamadokhumenti noma ubufakazi obusekelayo
Ukubambezeleka kokucubungula ngaphakathi kwenhlangano

Ukuvimbela ukubambezeleka kokuphatha:

Thumela izitifiketi zokukhokha ngesikhathi, njalo
Faka wonke amadokhumenti adingekayo nobufakazi obusekelayo
Sebenzisa amafomethi esitifiketi acacile nawobungcweti
Landela kusenesikhathi ngaphambi kweminqamulajuqu
Yakha ubudlelwano ne-principal agent nabaphathi bamakhasimende

Ukubambezeleka kokuphatha kuvame ukuvikeleka. Ngokuthumela izitifiketi eziphelele, zobungcweti ngesikhathi futhi ulandele kusenesikhathi, unciphisa amathuba okubambezeleka.

Izinkinga Zokugeleza Kwemali Zekhasimende

Amakhasimende angabambezela ukukhokha ngoba engenayo imali etholakalayo. Lokhu kuvame kakhulu kulezi zimo:

Abathuthukisi bezakhiwo abalinde ukuthengisa noma uxhaso
Iminyango kahulumeni enezingqinamba zesabelomali
Izinkampani ezibhekene nobunzima bezezimali
Amaphrojekthi lapho uxhaso lwekhasimende lubambezelekile

Ukuzivikela ezinkingeni zokugeleza kwemali zekhasimende:

Hlola ikhono lekhasimende lokukhokha ngaphambi kokwamukela inkontileka
Xoxisana ngezinkokhelo zangaphambili noma imijikelezo emifushane kumakhasimende anobungozi obuphezulu
Qapha umlando wokukhokha wekhasimende futhi ulandele kusenesikhathi
Cabanga ngeziqinisekiso zokukhokha noma ama-bond kumaphrojekthi anenani elikhulu
Faka ubungozi bokukhokha enanini lakho

Izinkinga zokugeleza kwemali zekhasimende zinzima ukuzivimbela, kodwa ungazivikela ngokuhlola ikhono lokukhokha, ukuxoxisana imigomo engcono, nokufaka ubungozi bokukhokha enanini.

Izinhla Zokuvunywa Eziyinkimbinkimbi

Izinhlangano ezinkulu zivame ukuba nezinhlaka zokuvunywa eziyinkimbinkimbi ezidinga ama-sign-off amaningi ngaphambi kokukhokha. Lokhu kungabambezela ukukhokha ngisho noma kungekho zingxabano noma izinkinga zokugeleza kwemali.

Ukuphatha izinhla zokuvunywa eziyinkimbinkimbi:

Qonda inqubo yokuvunywa yekhasimende kusenesikhathi
Yakha ubudlelwano nabathathi-zinqumo ababalulekile
Thumela izitifiketi zokukhokha kudala ngaphambi kweminqamulajuqu
Landela kusenesikhathi esigabeni ngasinye sokuvunywa
Cabanga ngemijikelezo emifushane yokukhokha noma izinkokhelo zangaphambili kumakhasimende ayinkimbinkimbi

Izinhla zokuvunywa eziyinkimbinkimbi zidinga ukuphathwa ngokusebenzayo. Ngokuyiqonda inqubo nokwakha ubudlelwano, unganciphisa ukubambezeleka.

Umthelela Kubonkontileka: Izindleko Zangempela Zokukhokha Sekwephuzile

Ukukhokha sekwephuzile akuphazamisi nje onkontileka - kudala izinkinga zokugeleza kwemali ezingabhidliza amabhizinisi. Uma ukukhokha kubambezelekile, onkontileka bayahluleka ukukhokha ama-subcontractor, abahlinzeki, nabasebenzi babo, okungaholela ekushiyweni kwamaphrojekthi, ubudlelwano obonakele, nokwehluleka kwebhizinisi.

Inkinga Yokugeleza Kwemali

Uma ukukhokha kubambezelekile, onkontileka babhekana nezinkinga zokugeleza kwemali ngokushesha. Usuke usuchithe imali ezintweni zokwakha nasebasebenzini, kodwa awukatholi ukukhokhelwa. Lokhu kudala igebe lokugeleza kwemali okufanele lixhaswe ngemali yokusebenza noma uxhaso lwangaphandle.

Umthelela ekugelezeni kwemali:

Ukuncipha kwemali yokusebenza etholakalayo kwamanye amaphrojekthi
Ukuthembela kakhulu kuma-overdraft noma ezikweletini
Izindleko eziphezulu zoxhaso
Ukuncipha kwamandla okuthatha umsebenzi omusha
Ubungozi bokwehluleka kwebhizinisi uma imali iphela

Kubonkontileka abaphethe amaphrojekthi amaningi, ukubambezeleka kokukhokha kuphrojekthi eyodwa kungathinta ukugeleza kwemali kulo lonke ibhizinisi, kwenze kube nzima ukukhokha ama-subcontractor noma abahlinzeki kwamanye amaphrojekthi.

Ukwehluleka Ukukhokha Ama-Subcontractor

Uma ungakhokhelwa, awukwazi ukukhokha ama-subcontractor akho. Lokhu kudala uchungechunge lwezinkinga:

Ama-subcontractor ayamisa umsebenzi noma asabise ukumisa
Ubudlelwano nama-subcontractor buyawohloka
Ungabhekana nezinyathelo zomthetho ezivela kuma-subcontractor
Idumela lakho embonini liyalimala
Ama-subcontractor esikhathi esizayo angase angavumi ukusebenza nawe

Izinkinga zokukhokha ama-subcontractor zenza inkinga yokugeleza kwemali ibe nzima kakhulu. Ubanjwa phakathi kwamakhasimende angakhokhi nama-subcontractor alindele ukukhokhelwa, kudala isimo esinzima kakhulu.

Ukushiywa Kwephrojekthi

Ezimweni ezinzima, ukukhokha sekwephuzile kungaphoqa onkontileka ukuba bayeke amaphrojekthi. Uma imali iphela futhi ukukhokha kungafiki, onkontileka bangase bangabi nayo enye indlela ngaphandle kokumisa umsebenzi, bashiye amaphrojekthi engaphelele futhi babhekane nezinyathelo zomthetho ezivela kumakhasimende.

Umgudu wokushiywa kwephrojekthi:

Ukukhokha sekwephuzile kudala inkinga yokugeleza kwemali
Inkinga yokugeleza kwemali ivimba ukukhokha ama-subcontractor nabahlinzeki
Ama-subcontractor nabahlinzeki bayamisa umsebenzi
Ukuqhubeka kwephrojekthi kuyacotha noma kuyama
Ikhasimende libambezela ukukhokha nakakhulu ngenxa yokucotha komsebenzi
Unkontileka ushiya iphrojekthi noma ubhekana nezinyathelo zomthetho

Ukushiywa kwephrojekthi kuyisimo esibi kakhulu, kodwa kuyenzeka lapho ukukhokha sekwephuzile kudala isimo sokugeleza kwemali esingasahlali.

Ubudlelwano Nobudumo Obonakele

Ukukhokha sekwephuzile kulimaza ubudlelwano namakhasimende, ama-subcontractor, nabahlinzeki. Uma ungakwazi ukukhokha ama-subcontractor ngoba amakhasimende engakakhokhi, ubudlelwano buyawohloka. Uma uhlale ulandela ukukhokha, ubudlelwano namakhasimende buyalimala. Futhi uma kusabalala ukuthi uyahluleka ukugeleza kwemali, idumela lakho embonini liyalimala.

Umthelela kudumela:

Amakhasimende angase agweme ukusebenza nawe
Ama-subcontractor angase enqabe ukusebenza nawe
Abahlinzeki bangase bafune ukukhokha kusengaphambili noma benqabe ikhredithi
Amabhange angase anciphise imingcele yekhredithi noma enqabe uxhaso
Amandla akho okuwina umsebenzi omusha ayancipha

Ukulimala kodumo kunzima ukukulungisa. Uma sekuvele kusabalale ukuthi uyahluleka ukugeleza kwemali, kungathatha iminyaka ukwakha ukwethenjwa futhi.

Amasu Okuvimbela: Ungakugwema Kanjani Ukukhokha Sekwephuzile

Ukuvimbela ukukhokha sekwephuzile kulula kunokubhekana nakho sekwenzekile. Ngokusebenzisa imigomo ecacile yokukhokha, izinqubo ezifanele zezitifiketi zokukhokha, izitifiketi ze-interim ngesikhathi, nezinqubo zokukhulisa, unganciphisa amathuba okubambezeleka kokukhokha. Ukuze uhlele kabanzi ukugeleza kwemali, bheka ukuphathwa kokugeleza kwemali ekwakheni eNingizimu Afrika.

Imigomo Ecacile Yokukhokha

Imigomo ecacile yokukhokha ezingxenyeni zenkontileka yakho ibalulekile. Chaza lokhu:

Umjikelezo wokukhokha (imvamisa izinsuku ezingama-30 kusukela esitifiketini)
Indlela yokukhokha (EFT, isheke, njll.)
Imininingwane ye-akhawunti yokukhokha
Isilinganiso senzalo yokukhokha sekwephuzile (imvamisa i-prime rate plus 2%)
Izinqubo zokuxazulula izingxabano
Izinsuku zokukhululwa kwe-retention

Imigomo yenkontileka okufanele ifakwe:

Usuku lokukhokha olucacile
Isilinganiso senzalo yokukhokha sekwephuzile nendlela yokubala
Ilungelo lokumisa umsebenzi uma ukukhokha kungatholakali
Izinqubo zokuxazulula izingxabano
Izinsuku nezimo zokukhululwa kwe-retention

Imigomo ecacile yokukhokha ikunikeza ukuvikeleka ngokomthetho uma amakhasimende ebambezela ukukhokha. Uma inkontileka yakho isho imigomo yezinsuku ezingama-30 futhi ukukhokha sekwephuze ngezinsuku ezingama-60, unesizathu sokubiza inzalo nokukhulisa udaba.

Inqubo Efanele Yesitifiketi Sokukhokha

Izinqubo ezifanele zezitifiketi zokukhokha ziqinisekisa ukuthi izitifiketi zikhishwa ngesikhathi futhi zifaka lonke ulwazi oludingekayo. Lokhu kunciphisa amathuba okubambezeleka kokuphatha noma izingxabano.

Imikhuba emihle yezitifiketi zokukhokha:

Thumela izitifiketi zokukhokha ngesikhathi, njalo
Faka ukuhlukaniswa okunemininingwane komsebenzi ophelile
Namathisela amadokhumenti asekelayo (izithombe, izilinganiso, ama-site diary)
Sebenzisa amafomethi esitifiketi acacile nawobungcweti
Landela amafomethi ashiwo yinkontileka (JBCC, NEC, GCC)
Faka izimangalo zama-variation namadokhumenti asekelayo
Landelela izinsuku zokuthumela nezokugunyaza izitifiketi

Izinqubo ezifanele zezitifiketi zokukhokha zinciphisa ukubambezeleka ngokuqinisekisa ukuthi izitifiketi ziphelele, zinembile, futhi zithunyelwa ngesikhathi. Lokhu kunciphisa amathuba okubambezeleka kokuphatha noma izingxabano ezibambezela ukukhokha.

Izitifiketi Ze-Interim Ezifike Ngesikhathi

Izitifiketi zokukhokha ze-interim kufanele zikhishwe nyanga zonke (noma ngezikhawu ezishiwo yinkontileka) kuyo yonke iphrojekthi. Izitifiketi ezifika ngesikhathi zigcina imali ihamba futhi zinciphisa igebe lokugeleza kwemali.

Isikhathi sezitifiketi ze-interim:

Thumela izimangalo ngaphambi komnqamulajuqu wenkontileka (imvamisa zingama-25 zenyanga)
Landela kusenesikhathi uma izitifiketi zingakhishwa ngesikhathi
Landelela izinsuku zokukhishwa kwezitifiketi nezinsuku zokukhokha
Khulisa udaba uma izitifiketi zihlala zibambezelekile
Sebenzisa isoftware yokuphatha ukwakha ukwenza ngokuzenzakalela ukukhiqizwa kwezitifiketi

Izitifiketi ze-interim ezifika ngesikhathi zibalulekile ekugelezeni kwemali. Uma izitifiketi zibambezelekile, ukukhokha kubambezeleka, kudale izinkinga zokugeleza kwemali. Ngokuqinisekisa ukuthi izitifiketi zikhishwa ngesikhathi, ugcina ukugeleza kwemali kuyo yonke iphrojekthi.

Izinqubo Zokukhulisa Udaba

Yiba nezinqubo ezicacile zokukhulisa udaba ekukhokheni sekwephuzile. Ungalindi kuze kube ukukhokha sekwephuze ngezinsuku ezingama-60 ukuze uthathe isinyathelo - khulisa kusenesikhathi futhi njalo.

Inqubo yokukhulisa udaba:

Isikhumbuzi - Isikhumbuzi esinobungane ezinsukwini ezi-5 ngaphambi kosuku lokukhokha
Ukulandela - Ukulandela okusemthethweni ngosuku lokukhokha
Isaziso senzalo - Isaziso sezindleko zenzalo uma ukukhokha sekwephuze ngezinsuku eziyi-7
Ukukhulisa - Khulisa ku-principal agent noma kubaphathi bekhasimende uma ukukhokha sekwephuze ngezinsuku eziyi-14
Isinyathelo somthetho - Cabanga ngesinyathelo somthetho noma ukumisa umsebenzi uma ukukhokha sekwephuze izinsuku ezingama-30+

Izinqubo zokukhulisa udaba zikunikeza indlela ehlelekile yokubhekana nokukhokha sekwephuzile. Ngokukhulisa kusenesikhathi futhi njalo, ukhombisa ukuthi ukukhokha sekwephuzile akwamukelekile futhi ukhuthaza amakhasimende ukukhokha ngesikhathi.

Okufanele Ukwenze Uma Ukukhokha Kubambezelekile: Uhlelo Lwesenzo

Uma ukukhokha kubambezelekile, kudingeka uthathe isinyathelo ngokushesha nangendlela ehlelekile. Ungalindi - usuku ngalunye lokubambezeleka lukubiza imali futhi lulimaza ukugeleza kwemali yakho. Landela lezi zinyathelo ukuze ubuyise izinkokhelo ezibambezelekile futhi uvikele ibhizinisi lakho.

Isinyathelo 1: Isaziso Esisemthethweni

Thumela isaziso esibhaliwe esisemthethweni ekhasimendeni naku-principal agent uma ukukhokha sekwephuzile. Isaziso kufanele:

Sibhekise kunombolo yesitifiketi sokukhokha nosuku
Sisho inani elifunekayo nosuku lokukhokha
Sithi ukukhokha sekwephuzile
Sicele ukukhokha ngokushesha
Sibhekise imigomo yokukhokha yenkontileka nezigaba zenzalo

Ithemplethi yesaziso esisemthethweni:

Umugqa wesihloko ocacile: “Overdue Payment - Certificate [Number]”
Bhekisa kwinkontileka nesitifiketi sokukhokha
Chaza inani elifunekayo nezinsuku sekwephuzile
Cela ukukhokha ngokushesha
Bhekisa izigaba zenzalo uma ukukhokha sekwephuze kakhulu

Isaziso esisemthethweni sidala umlando wamaphepha futhi sikhombisa ukuthi uluthatha ngokungathí sina lolu daba. Futhi sinikeza ikhasimende ithuba lokukhokha ngaphambi kokuba ukhuphule udaba.

Isinyathelo 2: Izimangalo Zenzalo

Uma inkontileka yakho ifaka izigaba zenzalo, biza inzalo ekukhokheni sekwephuzile. Bala inzalo kusukela osukwini lokukhokha olufanele kuya osukwini oluthole ngalo ukukhokha, ngesilinganiso esishiwo kwinkontileka yakho (imvamisa i-prime rate plus 2%).

Ukubalwa kwenzalo:

Isilinganiso senzalo: Prime rate plus 2% (noma isilinganiso esishiwo yinkontileka)
Isikhathi sokubala: Kusukela osukwini lokukhokha olufanele kuya osukwini lokuthola ukukhokha
Inzalo yansuku zonke: (Inani elifunekayo x Isilinganiso senzalo) / 365
Inzalo iyonke: Inzalo yansuku zonke x Izinsuku sekwephuzile

Faka inzalo kuma-invoice akho okulandela nasezazisweni ezisemthethweni. Izimangalo zenzalo zikhombisa ukuthi ukukhokha sekwephuzile kunezindleko futhi zikhuthaza amakhasimende ukukhokha ngesikhathi.

Isinyathelo 3: Ukukhulisa Ku-Principal Agent noma Kubaphathi Bekhasimende

Uma ukukhokha kusasephuzile ngemuva kwesaziso esisemthethweni, khulisa ku-principal agent noma kubaphathi bekhasimende. Ukukhulisa kukhombisa ukuthi udaba lubalulekile futhi ludinga ukunakwa ngokushesha.

Indlela yokukhulisa:

Xhumana ngqo ne-principal agent noma nabaphathi bekhasimende
Nikeza isifinyezo esibhaliwe sokukhokha okubambezelekile
Bhekisa imigomo yenkontileka nomlando wokukhokha
Cela ukukhokha ngokushesha noma uhlelo lokukhokha
Xwayisa ngokumisa umsebenzi uma inkontileka ikuvumela

Ukukhulisa kuvame ukuxazulula izinkinga zokukhokha. Uma abaphathi abaphezulu sebazi ngezinkokhelo ezibambezelekile, bavame ukubeka ukukhokha phambili ukuze bagweme ukubambezeleka kwephrojekthi noma izinyathelo zomthetho.

Isinyathelo 4: Adjudication noma Arbitration

Uma izingxabano zokukhokha ziqhubeka, cabanga nge-adjudication noma i-arbitration ngaphansi kwezinqubo zokuxazulula izingxabano zenkontileka yakho. I-adjudication iyashesha futhi ibiza kancane kunokuqulwa kwenkantolo, okuyenza ifanele izingxabano zokukhokha.

Inqubo ye-adjudication:

Thumela ingxabano kumadjudicator (uma inkontileka ikuvumela)
I-adjudicator yenza isinqumo esibophayo (imvamisa phakathi kwezinsuku ezingama-28)
Isinqumo singaphoqelelwa ngezinkantolo uma kudingeka
Izindleko zivame ukwabelwana phakathi kwezinhlangothi

I-adjudication inikeza isixazululo esisheshayo ezingxabanweni zokukhokha. Uma inkontileka yakho ifaka izigaba ze-adjudication, zisebenzise uma ukukhokha kubambezeleke kakhulu futhi ezinye izindlela zehlulekile.

Isinyathelo 5: Ukumisa Umsebenzi

Uma inkontileka yakho ikuvumela, cabanga ukumisa umsebenzi kuze kutholakale ukukhokha. Ukumisa kuqinisa isikhundla sakho futhi kukhombisa ukuthi ukukhokha sekwephuzile akwamukelekile.

Okucatshangelwayo uma kumiswa:

Hlola imigomo yenkontileka - ukumisa kungadinga isaziso noma izimo ezithile
Nikeza isaziso esibhaliwe sokumisa
Misa umsebenzi ngokushesha uma ukumisa kuqala
Qalisa kabusha umsebenzi kuphela lapho ukukhokha sekutholakele
Bhala izinsuku zokumisa nezokuqalisa kabusha

Ukumisa kuyindlela yokugcina, kodwa kuvame ukusebenza. Uma amakhasimende ebhekana nokubambezeleka kwephrojekthi ngenxa yokumisa, avame ukubeka ukukhokha phambili ukuze umsebenzi uqale kabusha.

Kungani Ama-Spreadsheets Nezinqubo Zesandla Zehluleka

Onkontileka abaningi balandelela izitifiketi zokukhokha kuma-spreadsheet, bakhiphe izitifiketi kuma-template e-Word, futhi balandele izinkokhelo ezibambezelekile kusuka enkumbulweni noma amanothi asheshayo. Le ndlela iyaphuka ngaphansi kweqiniso lokwakha laseNingizimu Afrika. Ama-spreadsheet awaphoqi amafomethi ezitifiketi ze-JBCC, NEC, noma GCC noma izibalo ze-retention, ngakho amaphutha ayadlula futhi izingxabano ziyanda. Isofthiwe ye-accounting engaxhumekile ayazi ukuthi yisiphi isitifiketi esisalindile, yisiphi esibambezeleke izinsuku eziyi-14, noma iyiphi iphrojekthi ene-retention okufanele ikhishwe. Uma i-principal agent ibuza umugqa othile, ukuthola i-site diary esekelayo noma ukuvunywa kwe-variation kusho ukucubungula i-imeyili namaphepha.

Amapulatifomu okwakha ase-US nase-Europe acabanga amafomu enkontileka nemijikelezo yokukhokha ehlukile; awavami ukweseka imigomo yokukhokha yaseNingizimu Afrika, ukugeleza kwemali okusekelwe ku-Rand, noma inhlanganisela yokukhiqiza izitifiketi nokulandelela okugcina imali ihamba. Ezinkokhelweni ezibambezelekile ekwakheni, igebe akulona ulwazi kodwa izinhlelo: ukukhiqiza izitifiketi, ukulandelela izinsuku ezifanele, kanye nomlando ocacile wamadokhumenti endaweni eyodwa.

Lo Mhlahlandlela Wenzelwe Bani

Lo mhlahlandlela wenzelwe abakhi bezindlu nezohwebo, ama-subcontractor, nabathuthukisi bezakhiwo abakhokhelwa ngezitifiketi zenqubekela phambili ngaphansi kwe-JBCC, NEC, noma GCC futhi abadinga ukuvikela ukugeleza kwemali lapho imijikelezo yokukhokha yelulela ezinsukwini ezingama-60-90 noma ngaphezulu. Usebenza noma ngabe uphatha iphrojekthi eyodwa ka-R2m noma eziningi; noma ngabe usebenza ngaphansi kwe-principal agent noma ngqo nomqashi; futhi noma ngabe ukukhokha okubambezelekile kwenzeka ngezikhathi ezithile noma njalo.

Uma usuvele ukhipha izitifiketi ngesikhathi kodwa usalinda izinyanga ukukhokhelwa, izingxenye zamalungelo asemthethweni, ukukhulisa udaba, nemigomo yenkontileka zizobaluleka kakhulu. Uma ukubambezeleka kokuphatha noma izingxabano kuyimbangela enkulu, izingxenye zokuvimbela nenqubo zisebenza kuwe. Imigomo iyefana: imigomo ecacile, izitifiketi ezifika ngesikhathi, ukulandela kusenesikhathi, namathuluzi afanele okulandelela nokuphoqelela ukukhokha.

Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa

Isiphi isikhathi esinengqondo sokukhokha umsebenzi wokwakha eNingizimu Afrika?

Izingkontileka eziningi zokwakha eNingizimu Afrika zisho imigomo yokukhokha yezinsuku ezingama-30 ukusuka esitifiketini kuya ekukhokheni. Kodwa-ke, isilinganiso semboni yizinsuku ezingama-60-90 ngenxa yokubambezeleka kokuphatha nezingxabano. Imihlahlandlela yemikhuba emihle ye-CIDB incoma imigomo yezinsuku ezingama-30, futhi onkontileka kufanele baphoqelele le migomo ngezibandela zenkontileka nokulandela kusenesikhathi.

Ngingabiza inzalo ekukhokheni sekwephuzile?

Yebo, uma inkontileka yakho ifaka izigaba zenzalo. Izingkontileka eziningi ze-JBCC, NEC, ne-GCC zifaka izigaba zenzalo ekukhokheni sekwephuzile, imvamisa nge-prime rate plus 2%. Bala inzalo kusukela osukwini lokukhokha olufanele kuya osukwini lokuthola ukukhokha, bese uyifaka kuma-invoice akho okulandela nasezazisweni ezisemthethweni.

Kufanele ngenzeni uma ikhasimende liphikisa isitifiketi sokukhokha?

Okokuqala, hlola ingxabano ngokucophelela. Uma ingxabano ifanele, yixazulule ngokushesha ngokunikeza amadokhumenti engeziwe noma ukulungisa iziphambeko. Uma ingxabano ingenasisekelo, phendula ngokusemthethweni namadokhumenti asekelayo nokubhekisa imigomo yenkontileka. Uma izingxabano ziqhubeka, cabanga nge-adjudication noma i-arbitration ngaphansi kwezinqubo zokuxazulula izingxabano zenkontileka yakho.

Ngingakuvimbela kanjani ukukhokha sekwephuzile?

Vimbela ukukhokha sekwephuzile ngokusebenzisa imigomo ecacile yokukhokha, izinqubo ezifanele zezitifiketi zokukhokha, izitifiketi ze-interim ngesikhathi, nezinqubo zokukhulisa. Thumela izitifiketi eziphelele, zobungcweti ngesikhathi, landela kusenesikhathi ngaphambi kweminqamulajuqu, futhi khulisa kusenesikhathi uma ukukhokha kubambezelekile. Isofthiwe yokuphatha ukwakha efana ne-Wakha ingenza ngokuzenzakalela ukukhiqizwa kwezitifiketi nokulandelela ukukhokha, kunciphise amathuba okubambezeleka.

Ayini amalungelo ami uma ukukhokha kubambezeleke kakhulu?

Uma ukukhokha kubambezeleke kakhulu (imvamisa izinsuku ezingama-30+), ungase ube nelungelo loku:

Biza inzalo enanini elidlule isikhathi (uma inkontileka ikuvumela)
Misa umsebenzi kuze kutholakale ukukhokha (uma inkontileka ikuvumela)
Qhubekela ku-adjudication noma i-arbitration ngaphansi kwezinqubo zokuxazulula izingxabano
Thatha isinyathelo somthetho sokubuyisa ukukhokha nenzalo

Hlola imigomo yenkontileka yakho ukuze uqonde amalungelo nezibopho zakho ezithile. Ngaso sonke isikhathi landela izinqubo zenkontileka futhi ufune iseluleko sezomthetho uma kudingeka.

Isiphetho

Ukukhokha sekwephuzile ekwakheni eNingizimu Afrika kuyinkinga yesistimu, kodwa akudingeki kubhubhise ibhizinisi lakho. Ngokwazi amalungelo akho asemthethweni ngaphansi kwe-JBCC ne-NEC, ukusebenzisa amasu okuvimbela, nokuthatha isinyathelo ngokushesha uma ukukhokha kubambezelekile, ungavikela ukugeleza kwemali yakho futhi uqinisekise ukuthi ibhizinisi lakho liyasinda. Imigomo ebalulekile ilula: faka imigomo ecacile yokukhokha ezingxenyeni zenkontileka yakho, thumela izitifiketi zokukhokha zobungcweti ngesikhathi, landela kusenesikhathi uma ukukhokha kubambezelekile, futhi khulisa kusenesikhathi njalo. Ukwenza lokhu kuwo wonke amaphrojekthi amaningi kudinga ukuzimisela, izinhlelo, namathuluzi alandelela izitifiketi nezinsuku zokukhokha endaweni eyodwa.

Bona ukuthi i-Wakha isiza kanjani abakhi nabathuthukisi baseNingizimu Afrika ukuphatha izitifiketi zokukhokha, ukulandelela ukugeleza kwemali, nokunciphisa umthelela wokukhokha sekwephuzile kusuka kuplatifomu eyodwa.

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