Amasitifiketi Okukhokha Inqubekelaphambili eNingizimu Afrika | Umhlahlandlela Ophelele

Izinkokhelo ezibambezelekile zibiza abakontraka baseNingizimu Afrika izigidi ezingamabhiliyoni minyaka yonke. Izinkampani zokwakha zixhasa izinto, abasebenzi nezindleko eziphezulu kusenesikhathi, bese zilinda inkokhelo esekelwe emsebenzini oqediwe. Lelo gebe lokugeleza kwemali liholela ezimpikiswaneni, ebudlelwaneni obucindezelekile, futhi kwesinye isikhathi ekuweni kwezimali. Amasitifiketi okukhokha inqubekelaphambili eNingizimu Afrika ayindlela evala lelo gebe: anikeza abakontraka izinkokhelo ezihlelekile, ezijwayelekile ngaphansi kwemikontraka ye-JBCC, NEC ne-GCC. Lapho amasitifiketi ebambezeleka, enanani elingaphansi noma ephikiswa, ukugeleza kwemali kuhlupheka futhi amaphrojekthi ayama.

Lo mhlahlandlela uchaza ukuthi yini amasitifiketi sokukhokha inqubekelaphambili, asebenza kanjani ngaphansi kwefomu ngayinye yomthetho oyinhloko waseNingizimu Afrika, okungaphakathi ekubaleni, amaphutha avamile nezimpikiswano, nendlela yokuqhuba inqubo ukuze ukhokhe ngesikhathi.

Yini Isitifiketi Sokukhokha Inqubekelaphambili?

Isitifiketi sokukhokha inqubekelaphambili yidokhumenti esemthethweni ekhishwa umphathi oyinhloko (umakhi wezakhiwo, unjiniyari, noma isazi sezinga) esiqinisekisa inani lomsebenzi oqediwe umkontraka futhi sigunyaze inkokhelo ngumqashi. Isitifiketi sisebenza njengedokhumenti yokulinganisa nomyalelo wokukhokha.

Izici eziyinhloko:

Idokhumenti yokulinganisa — Ishayo inani lomsebenzi oqediwe kuze kube manje
Umyalelo wokukhokha — Sigunyaza inkokhelo yenenani eliqinisekisiwe
Kubophezele ngokomthetho — Sidala isibopho kumqashi sokukhokha
Izikhathi ezijwayelekile — Sikhishwa nyanga zonke noma ngezikhathi ezicaciswe umthetho
Inani lemvume — Sibonisa inani elidingekayo ngemva kokudonswa

Amasitifiketi okukhokha yindlela abakontraka abathola ngayo izinkokhelo ezijwayelekile kulo lonke iphrojekthi, kunokulindela kuze kube sekuqediwe. Sikhishwa ngaphansi kwemikontraka evamile esetshenziswayo eNingizimu Afrika: i-JBCC (Joint Building Contracts Committee), i-NEC (New Engineering Contract), ne-GCC (General Conditions of Contract).

Amasitifiketi Okukhokha Inqubekelaphambili eNingizimu Afrika: JBCC, NEC ne-GCC

Ukwakha waseNingizimu Afrika usebenzisa amafomu omthetho amathathu ayinhloko, ngamunye anezinqubo zamasitifiketi okukhokha ehlukile kancane. Ukuqhathanisa ukuthi usebenzisa iphi nini, bheka imikontraka ye-JBCC vs NEC vs GCC.

Amasitifiketi Okukhokha Okuphakathi kwe-JBCC

Ngaphansi kwe-JBCC PBA 2018 (Principal Building Agreement), amasitifiketi sokukhokha okuthathwa ngesikhathi sikhishwa nyanga zonke phakathi nesikhathi sokwakha.

Inqubo:

Umkontraka uthumela isimangalo sokukhokha ngosuku olucacisiwe (ngokuvamile 25th enyangeni)
Umphathi oyinhloko uhlola umsebenzi oqediwe
Umphathi oyinhloko ukhipha isitifiketi phakathi kwezinsuku eziyi-7-14
Umqashi ukhokha phakathi kwezinsuku eziyi-14 zosuku lwesitifiketi

Isitifiketi sifaka:

Inani eliphelele lomsebenzi oqediwe
Inani lezinguquko
Inani eliphelele liphelele
Ukudonswa kokugcinwa (ngokuvamile 5-10%)
Izinkokhelo zangaphambilini ezidonsiwe
Inani lemvume elidingekayo

Ukukhululwa kokugcinwa:

50% ikhululwa ekugedeni okuyiprakthiki (isitifiketi sokugcina esingaphezu kwesinye)
Ama-50% asele akhululwa ekugedeni kokugcina (isitifiketi sokugcina)

Ukuhlolwa Kwentengo ye-NEC

Ngaphansi kwe-NEC4 (New Engineering Contract), umphathi wephrojekthi uhlola inkokhelo nyanga zonke futhi ukhipha amasitifiketi sokukhokha.

Inqubo:

Umkontraka uthumela isicelo sokukhokha
Umphathi wephrojekthi uhlola inkokhelo edingekayo
Umphathi wephrojekthi ukhipha isitifiketi sokukhokha
Umqashi ukhokha phakathi kwamaviki amathathu osuku lokuhlolwa

Isitifiketi sifaka:

Intengo yomsebenzi owenziwe kuze kube manje
Izinani ezidingekayo zezenzakalo zokunxeshezelwa (izinguquko)
Izinani ezizokhokhwa noma zilungiswe
Ukugcinwa (uma kusebenza)
Izinkokhelo zangaphambilini
Inani lemvume elidingekayo

Ukwehluka okuyinhloko kwe-JBCC:

Inqubo yokuhlolwa eshintshashintshayo kakhulu
Izenzakalo zokunxeshezelwa (izinguquko) ziphethwe ngokuhlukile
Izindlela zokugcinwa ezihlukile
Isikhathi sokukhokha esifushane (amaviki amathathu vs izinsuku eziyi-14)

Amasitifiketi Okukhokha e-GCC

Ngaphansi kwe-GCC 2015 (General Conditions of Contract), umphathi oyinhloko ukhipha amasitifiketi sokukhokha nyanga zonke.

Inqubo:

Umkontraka uthumela isimangalo sokukhokha
Umphathi oyinhloko uhlola umsebenzi oqediwe
Umphathi oyinhloko ukhipha isitifiketi
Umqashi ukhokha phakathi kwesikhathi esicacisiwe umthetho (ngokuvamile izinsuku eziyi-14-30)

Isitifiketi sifaka:

Inani lomsebenzi oqediwe
Inani lezinguquko
Ukudonswa kokugcinwa
Izinkokhelo zangaphambilini
Inani lemvume elidingekayo

Ukukhululwa kokugcinwa:

Ngokuvamile kukhululwa ekugedeni okuyiprakthiki nasekugedeni kokugcina
Amagama athile ahluka ngomthetho

Impilo Yephelele Yesitifiketi Sokukhokha

Ukuqonda impilo ephelele kusiza ukuphatha inqubo ngempumelelo nokugwema ukubambezeleka.

Isigaba 1: Isimangalo Sokukhokha Somkontraka

Inqubo iqala lapho umkontraka ethumela isimangalo sokukhokha (esibizwa nangokuthi isicelo sokukhokha noma ukulinganisa).

Okuqukethwe esimangalweni:

Isitatimende somsebenzi oqediwe phakathi nesikhathi
Amashidi okulinganisa noma amadokhumenti asekelayo
Imininingwane yezinguquko ezicelwayo
Izinto ezisayithini (uma kusebenza)
Noma yiziphi ezinye izinani ezicelwayo (okuqala, ukulungisa, njll.)

Isikhathi:

Kufanele kuthunyelwe ngemkhawulo womthetho (ngokuvamile 25th enyangeni kwe-JBCC)
Izimangalo ezidlule isikhathi zingakhishwa esitifiketini samanje
Faka wonke umsebenzi oqediwe kuze kube usuku lwesimangalo

Imikhuba emihle:

Thumela izimangalo ngesikhathi, njalo
Faka amadokhumenti asekelayo anemininingwane
Khomba ngokucacile izinguquko nomsebenzi owengeziwe
Sebenzisa izindlela zokulinganisa eziyinhle
Gcina amakhophi azo zonke izimangalo ezithunyelwe

Isigaba 2: Ukuhlolwa Ngumphathi Oyinhloko

Umphathi oyinhloko (noma umphathi wephrojekthi ngaphansi kwe-NEC) uhlola isimangalo somkontraka.

Inqubo yokuhlolwa:

Ukuhlola isayithi ukuze kuqinisekiswe umsebenzi oqediwe
Ukulinganisa amanani aqediwe
Ukulinganisa kusebenzisa amanani omthetho
Ukuhlola ikwalithi yomsebenzi
Ukulinganisa izinguquko
Ukubala kokugcinwa
Ukudonswa kwezinkokhelo zangaphambilini

Imigomo yokuhlolwa:

Umsebenzi kufanele uqedwe ngemigomo yomthetho
Amanani alinganiswe ngokunembile
Amanani asebenziswe kusukela kumthetho noma amanani avumelwene ngawo
Izinguquko zigunyazwe ngendlela efanele
Ukugcinwa kubalwe ngendlela efanele
Izinkokhelo zangaphambilini zibalwe

Isikhathi:

Kufanele kuqedwe ngemkhawulo womthetho (ngokuvamile izinsuku eziyi-7-14)
Ukuhlolwa okudlule isikhathi kubambezelela izinkokhelo
Ukuhlolwa okujulile kuvimbela izimpikiswano

Isigaba 3: Ukukhishwa Kwesitifiketi

Umphathi oyinhloko ukhipha isitifiketi sokukhokha.

Okuqukethwe esitifiketini:

Inombolo yesitifiketi nosuku
Igama lephrojekthi nenombolo yomthetho
Isikhathi esihlanganisiwe
Inani eliphelele lomsebenzi oqediwe
Inani lezinguquko
Inani eliphelele liphelele
Ukugcinwa okudonsiwe
Izinkokhelo zangaphambilini ezidonsiwe
Inani lemvume elidingekayo
Usuku lokukhokha oludingekayo

Ifomathi yesitifiketi:

Ukwethulwa kobungcweti, okucacile
Konke ukubala kuboniswe
Amasheduli asekelayo anamathiselwe (uma kudingeka)
Kusayinwe umphathi oyinhloko
Amakhophi asakazwe kuzo zonke izinhlangano

Isikhathi:

Kufanele sikhishwe ngemkhawulo womthetho
Amasitifiketi adlule isikhathi aphula imigomo yomthetho
Sidala isibopho sokukhokha kumqashi

Isigaba 4: Inkokhelo Ngumqashi

Umqashi ukhokha inani eliqinisekisiwe.

Izidingo zokukhokha:

Ukukhokhwa ngosuku oludingekayo olucacisiwe esitifiketini
Ukukhokhwa ngokugcwele (ngaphandle kokusetha okufanele)
Ukukhokhwa ku-akhawunti ekhethiwe yomkontraka
Ukuqinisekiswa kokukhokha kunikezwa

Isikhathi:

JBCC: Izinsuku eziyi-14 kusukela osukwini lwesitifiketi
NEC: Amaviki amathathu kusukela osukwini lokuhlolwa
GCC: Isikhathi esicacisiwe umthetho (ngokuvamile izinsuku eziyi-14-30)

Imiphumela yokukhokha sekudlule isikhathi:

Ukuphula umthetho
Inzalo ezinalweni ezidlule (uma umthetho unikeza)
Ukumiswa komsebenzi ngumkontraka kungaba khona
Ukulimaza ubudlelwane

Okufakwa Kumasitifiketi Okukhokha

Ukuqonda okufakwayo kusiza ukulungisa izimangalo ezinembile nokuqonda ukubala kwesitifiketi.

Umsebenzi Owenziwe

Ingxenye eyinhloko umsebenzi oqediwe ngempela phakathi nesikhathi.

Okufakiwe:

Umsebenzi oqediwe ngemigomo yomthetho
Amanani alinganiswe ngamanani omthetho
Okuqala (ukusungula isayithi, okudlulayo) ngokulinganayo
Umsebenzi oqediwe kepha ongakalilinganiswa (ngenanini elithathwa ngesikhathi)

Okukhiphiwe:

Umsebenzi ongakasikho
Umsebenzi onephutha (kuze kube selungisiwe)
Umsebenzi ongahlangabezani nemigomo yomthetho
Umsebenzi ngaphandle komkhawulo womthetho (ngaphandle kwesinguquko esigunyaziwe)

Izindlela zokulinganisa:

Amanani ebhodi yamanani — Sebenzisa amanani kusukela ebhodeni yokuqala
Ishejuli yamanani — Sebenzisa amanani kusukela eshejulini
Ukulinganisa okulinganayo — Okuqala nokudlulayo
Izibalo ezingaguquki — Umsebenzi ohlanganiswe yizibalo ezingaguquki

Izinto Ezisayithini

Eminye imikontraka ivumela inkokhelo yezinto ezilethwe esayithini kepha ezingakalifakwa emsebenzini.

JBCC:

Izinto ezisayithini zingafakwa uma umthetho unikeza
Ngokuvamile zikhawulelwe ezintweni ezithile (isib., insimbi yesakhiwo, ukhonkolo owenziwe ngaphambili)
Kufanele zigcinwe futhi zivikelwe ngendlela efanele
Inani likhawulelwe ngamanani omthetho

NEC:

Izinto ezisayithini ziphethwe ngokuhlukile
Zingafakwa ekuhlolweni kwentengo
Kuya ngemigomo yomthetho

GCC:

Izinto ezisayithini ngokuvamile azifakwa
Inkokhelo kuphela yomsebenzi oqediwe

Imikhuba emihle:

Hlola imigomo yomthetho mayelana nezinto ezisayithini
Dokhumenta izinto ezilethwe ngezithombe namarekhodi
Gcina izinto ngendlela efanele ukuze ugcine ikwalithi
Cela izinto ezisayithini kuphela uma umthetho ukuvumela

Izinguquko

Izinguquko yizinguquko kumkhawulo womthetho wokuqala, intengo, noma izimo.

Okufakwayo amasitifiketini:

Ama-oda ezigunyaziwe zezinguquko aqediwe phakathi nesikhathi
Izinguquko zilinganiswa kusebenzisa izindlela zomthetho
Izinguquko ezingaguquki (uma umthetho ukuvumela)

Okukhiphiwe:

Izinguquko ezigunyaziwe kepha ezingakaqediwa
Umsebenzi ongagunyaziwe (akuzona izinguquko)
Izinguquko ezingakalilinganiswa

Izindlela zokulinganisa:

Amanani ebhodi — Kusebenzisa amanani kusukela ebhodeni yamanani yokuqala
Amanani alungile — Amanani axoxiswanayo omsebenzi ongahlanganiswanga ngamanani ebhodi
Izinga + inzalo — Inani langempela plus overhead nenesenti lenzuzo

Ukugcinwa

Ukugcinwa yipesenti yenenani eliphelele lokukhokha elibekelwe njengokuvikelekile.

Amanani okugcinwa:

Ngokuvamile 5-10% yenani eliphelele
Kuyahluka ngomthetho nohlobo lwephrojekthi
Kusebenziswa enanini eliphelele kufaka izinguquko

Ukuqoqwa kokugcinwa:

Ukugcinwa kuqoqwa kulo lonke iphrojekthi
Ukugcinwa okuphelele = isamba sokudonswa konke kokugcinwa
Sikhululwa ngezigaba (ngokuvamile 50% ekugedeni okuyiprakthiki, 50% ekugedeni kokugcina)

Injongo yokugcinwa:

Ukuvikeleka kwephutha phakathi nesikhathi sokulungisa iphutha
Ukuvikeleka komsebenzi ongaqediwe
Ukuvikela umqashi

Izinkokhelo Zangaphambilini

Zonke izinkokhelo zangaphambilini kufanele zidonswe esitifiketini samanje.

Okufakiwe:

Wonke amasitifiketi sokukhokha okuthathwa ngesikhathi zangaphambilini
Izinkokhelo zangaphambili (uma kukhona)
Izinkokhelo ezenziwe ngumqashi ngqo
Noma yiziphi ezinye izinkokhelo ngaphansi komthetho

Ukulandelela inkokhelo:

Gcina amarekhodi anembile azo zonke izinkokhelo
Qinisekisa ukuthi akukho ukubala kabili
Bala ukulungisa inkokhelo noma ukulungisa
Qinisekisa ukuthi amarekhodi ezinkokhelo ahambisana namastatement ebhange

Ukulungisa Nokulungisa

Ukulungisa okuhlukahlukene kungafakwa noma kudonswe.

Ukulungisa okuvamile:

Ukuguquguquka (uma umthetho unikeza)
Ukubuyiselwa kwezinkokhelo zangaphambili
Ukudonswa kwephutha (uma umthetho ukuvumela)
Ukusetha (uma umthetho ukuvumela)
Inzalo ezinkokhelweni ezidlule isikhathi (uma kusebenza)

Ukudokhumenta ukulungisa:

Konke ukulungisa kufanele kudokhumentwe ngendlela efanele
Imigomo yomthetho kufanele ivumele ukulungisa
Ukulungisa kufanele kuchazwe esitifiketini

Amaphutha Avamile Nezimpikiswano

Amaphutha amasitifiketi okukhokha nezimpikiswano zibizayo futhi zithatha isikhathi. Ukuqonda izingqinamba ezivamile kusiza ukuvimbela. Lapho izinkokhelo zibambezeleka naphezu kwamasitifiketi afanele, bheka izinkokhelo ezibambezelekile ekwakheni amalungelo omthetho nokunyusa.

Iphutha 1: Izimangalo Zokukhokha Ezidlule Isikhathi

Inkinga: Umkontraka uthumela isimangalo sokukhokha ngemva kwemkhawulo womthetho.

Umthelela:

Isimangalo singakhishwa esitifiketini samanje
Inkokhelo ibambezeleke kuze kube yisikhathi esilandelayo sesitifiketi
Umthelela kokugeleza kwemali
Ukuphula umthetho kungaba khona

Ukuvimbela:

Setha izikhumbuzi zemikhawulo yesimangalo
Lungisa izimangalo ngaphambili
Thumela izimangalo ngokushesha, hhayi ngosuku lwemkhawulo
Sebenzisa izinhlelo ezenzakalelayo ukulandelela imikhawulo

Iphutha 2: Amadokhumenti Angaphelele

Inkinga: Isimangalo sokukhokha asinawo amadokhumenti asekelayo.

Umthelela:

Umphathi oyinhloko angeke akwazi ukuhlola isimangalo ngendlela efanele
Ukulinganisa okuphansi komsebenzi
Ukubambezeleka kokukhishwa kwesitifiketi
Izimpikiswano ngezinani

Ukuvimbela:

Faka amashidi okulinganisa anemininingwane
Nikeza izithombe zomsebenzi oqediwe
Dokhumenta izinguquko ngendlela efanele
Gcina amarekhodi acacile

Iphutha 3: Ukubala Kokugcinwa Okungalungile

Inkinga: Ukugcinwa kubalwa ngendlela engalungile.

Umthelela:

Ukugcinwa okuningi kunciphisa ukugeleza kwemali
Ukugcinwa okuphansi kubeka umqashi engcupheni
Izimpikiswano ngezinani zokugcinwa
Izinkinga ze-akhawunti yokugcina

Ukuvimbela:

Qonda imigomo yomthetho yokugcinwa
Bala ukugcinwa ngendlela efanele enanini eliphelele
Landelela ukuqoqwa kokugcinwa ngokunembile
Qinisekisa ukubala kokugcinwa

Iphutha 4: Izimpikiswano Zokulinganisa Izinguquko

Inkinga: Ukungavumelani ngamanani ezinguquko noma umkhawulo.

Umthelela:

Izinkokhelo zezinguquko zibambezeleka
Umthelela kokugeleza kwemali
Izimpikiswano nokuhlolwa kungaba khona
Ukubambezeleka kwephrojekthi

Ukuvimbela:

Thola ama-oda ezinguquko ngaphambi komsebenzi
Vumelana ngamanani ngaphambi kokwenza umsebenzi
Dokhumenta umsebenzi wezinguquko ngokuphelele
Faka izinguquko ezimangalweni ngokushesha

Iphutha 5: Ukukhishwa Kwesitifiketi Sekudlule Isikhathi

Inkinga: Umphathi oyinhloko ukhipha isitifiketi ngemva kwemkhawulo womthetho.

Umthelela:

Izinkokhelo zibambezeleka
Ukuphula umthetho
Izimangalo zenzalo zingaba khona
Ubudlelwane bucindezelekile

Ukuvimbela:

Ukuhlela nokusabela kwemithombo yomphathi oyinhloko
Ukuthumela isimangalo somkontraka ngokushesha
Izikhumbuzi ezenzakalelayo namaworkflow
Imikhawulo yomthetho ecacile

Iphutha 6: Ukulinganisa Okuphansi Komsebenzi

Inkinga: Umphathi oyinhloko ulinganisa umsebenzi ngaphansi kokuhlolwa komkontraka.

Umthelela:

Ukugeleza kwemali kuncipha
Izimpikiswano ngokulinganisa
Ukuhlolwa kungaba khona
Ukubambezeleka kwephrojekthi

Ukuvimbela:

Imigomo yokulinganisa ecacile
Imihlangano yesayithi ejwayelekile
Amadokhumenti asekelayo anemininingwane
Inqubo elungile nesezingeni

Amasitifiketi Okukhokha Edijithali vs Esandleni

Ukukhetha phakathi kwezinqubo zamasitifiketi okukhokha edijithali nasandleni kuthinta kakhulu ukusebenza kahle, ukunemba, nokugeleza kwemali.

Amasitifiketi Okukhokha Esandleni

Inqubo:

Umkontraka ulungisa isimangalo ngesandla (ispredishithi noma iphepha)
Umphathi oyinhloko uhlola ngesandla
Isitifiketi sithayiphelwa noma sibhalwe ngesandla
Ukubala kwenziwa ngesandla
Ukusakazwa nge-imeyili noma ngoposi

Izinhlanganiso:

Okuthatha isikhathi — Amahora achithwa ekubaleni nasekulungisweni
Okungaholela amaphutha — Ukubala ngesandla kuholela amaphutha
Okuhamba kancane — Inqubo ithatha izinsuku noma amaviki
Okungahambisani — Amafomathi namathodi ahlukile
Akukho ukuhlanganisa — Kuhlukaniswe nokuphatha iphrojekthi
Ukulandelela kunzima — Kunzima ukulandelela isimo sokukhokha

Izindleko:

Isikhathi sokuphatha
Isikhathi sokulungisa iphutha
Izinkokhelo ezibambezelekile
Izindleko zokuxazulula izimpikiswano

Amasitifiketi Okukhokha Edijithali

Inqubo:

Umkontraka uthumela isimangalo ngokwedijithali
Uhlelo lubala izinani ngokuzenzakalelayo
Isitifiketi sikhiqizwa ngokuzenzakalelayo
Ukusakazwa kwedijithali nokulandelela
Ukuhlanganiswa nokuphatha iphrojekthi

Izinzuzo:

Ukonga isikhathi — Ukubala okuzenzakalelayo kususa umsebenzi wesandla
Ukunemba — Ukubala okuzenzakalelayo kunciphisa amaphutha
Isivinini — Amasitifiketi akhiqizwa ngemizuzu
Ukuvumelana — Ifomathi nokubala okufanayo
Ukuhlanganisa — Kuxhumanisa nokuqeda umsebenzi, idayari yesayithi, izinguquko
Ukulandelela — Ukubonakala kwesimo sokukhokha ngesikhathi sangempela

Izindleko:

Ukubhalisa isofthiwe (ngokuvamile R2,000-R7,000/inyanga)
Isikhathi sokuqeqesha (sincane ngesofthiwe enhle)
Ukuqalisa (ngokuvamile okusheshayo)

Inzuzo ekuthengeni:

Ukonga isikhathi: Amahora angu-10-20 ngenyanga iphrojekthi ngayinye
Izinkokhelo ezisheshayo: Ukunciphisa ukubambezeleka kokukhokha
Ukunciphisa amaphutha: Izimpikiswano nokulungisa okuncane
Ukugeleza kwemali okungcono: Ukukhiqiza okusheshayo kwesitifiketi = izinkokhelo ezisheshayo

Indlela Isofthiwe Yokwakha Ephatha Amasitifiketi Okukhokha Inqubekelaphambili

Isofthiwe yokuphatha ukwakha eyakhelwe inhloso ingasusa umsebenzi omningi wesandla namaphutha ahamba kancane kumasitifiketi okukhokha inqubekelaphambili eNingizimu Afrika. Iphulatifomu efanele isekela i-JBCC, NEC ne-GCC ukuze ifomathi yesitifiketi nemithetho yokugcinwa ihambisane nomthetho wakho. Umsebenzi oqediwe, izinguquko nokugcinwa kubalwa kusukela kusethi eyodwa yedatha, ngakho ugwema ukungena kabili namaphutha ezibalo. Isimo sesitifiketi nosuku lokukhokha oludingekayo kuhlala kubonakala, ngakho ungalandela izinani ezidlule isikhathi ngaphambi kokuthi zilimaze ukugeleza kwemali. Lapho amasitifiketi okukhokha inqubekelaphambili ehlanganiswa nenqubekelaphambili yesayithi, izinguquko nebajethi, uthola umbono owodwa wezimali zephrojekthi nezimpikiswano ezincane. Kubakhi nabathuthukisi abaqhuba imisebenzi eminingi, lokho kusho ukuphatha okuncane, amasitifiketi asheshayo, nezinkokhelo ezifika ngesikhathi.

Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa

Yini umehluko phakathi kwamasitifiketi okukhokha e-JBCC, NEC ne-GCC?

Umehluko oyinhloko:

JBCC:

Amasitifiketi anyanga zonke akhishwa umphathi oyinhloko
Isikhathi sokukhokha sezinsuku eziyi-14
Ukukhululwa kokugcinwa okujwayelekile (50% ekugedeni okuyiprakthiki, 50% ekugedeni kokugcina)
Inqubo ecacile ye-oda yezinguquko

NEC:

Ukuhlolwa kwanyanga zonke ngumphathi wephrojekthi
Isikhathi sokukhokha samaviki amathathu
Inqubo yokuhlolwa eshintshashintshayo kakhulu
Izenzakalo zokunxeshezelwa (izinguquko) ziphethwe ngokuhlukile

GCC:

Amasitifiketi anyanga zonke akhishwa umphathi oyinhloko
Isikhathi sokukhokha siyahluka (ngokuvamile izinsuku eziyi-14-30)
Imigomo yokugcinwa iyahluka ngomthetho
Ishintshashintshayo kune-JBCC

Ifomathi yesitifiketi nezindlela zokubala ziyafana, kepha isikhathi, amagama, nezinye izinqubo ziyahluka. Khetha isofthiwe esekela ifomu lomthetho wakho.

Ngingacela yini izinto ezisayithini ezingakalifakwa emsebenzini?

Kuya ngomthetho wakho. Imikontraka ye-JBCC ingavumela inkokhelo yezinto ezithile ezisayithini (isib., insimbi yesakhiwo, ukhonkolo owenziwe ngaphambili) uma umthetho unikeza lokhu. Imikontraka ye-NEC ne-GCC ngokuvamile ayivumeli inkokhelo yezinto ezisayithini. Hlola imigomo yomthetho wakho — uma izinto ezisayithini azifakwanga, uzokhokhwa kuphela lapho izinto zifakwa emsebenzini.

Kuthiwani uma umphathi oyinhloko engakhiphi isitifiketi ngesikhathi?

Uma umphathi oyinhloko ehluleka ukukhipha isitifiketi ngemkhawulo womthetho, lokhu kuba ukuphula umthetho. Ungaba nesabelo:

Inzalo ezinalweni ezidlule (uma umthetho unikeza)
Ukumiswa komsebenzi (uma umthetho ukuvumela)
Izinqubo zokuxazulula izimpikiswano
Izimali zokuphula umthetho

Kodwa zama ukuxazulula inkinga ngokuxhumana kuqala ngaphambi kokunyusa kuze kube zezinqubo zokuxazulula ezingokoqobo. Amasitifiketi adlule isikhathi avame ukubangelwa ukuthiywa kwemithombo noma izingqinamba zokuphatha ezingaxazululwa.

Ngingaphikisana kanjani nesitifiketi sokukhokha uma ngicabanga ukuthi umsebenzi ulinganiswe ngaphansi?

Uma ukholelwa ukuthi isitifiketi sokukhokha silinganisa ngaphansi umsebenzi, unga uphikisane:

Hlola isitifiketi — Khomba izinto ezikhethekile oziphikisayo
Qoqa ubufakazi — Amashidi okulinganisa, izithombe, okungenwe idayari yesayithi
Azisa umphathi oyinhloko — Bhala isaziso esemthethweni sokuphikisana
Cela umhlangano — Hlanganisa ukuze sixoxe futhi sixazulule ukuphikisana
Izinqubo ezingokoqobo — Uma kungaxazululwanga, sebenzisa izinqubo zokuphikisana zomthetho (ukuhlolwa, ukuxoxisana)

Izinqubo zokuphikisana ngokuvamile zicaciswe umthetho wakho. Senza ngokushesha — imikontraka eminingi inemikhawulo yesikhathi yokuphikisana.

Ingabe amasitifiketi okukhokha angakhishwa umsebenzi onephutha?

Amasitifiketi okukhokha kufanele afake kuphela umsebenzi ohlangabezana nemigomo yekwalithi yomthetho. Uma umsebenzi unephutha:

Umphathi oyinhloko kufanele akhiphe umsebenzi onephutha esitifiketini
Umphathi oyinhloko angadonsa izinani zephutha (uma umthetho ukuvumela)
Umphathi oyinhloko angadinga ukulungiswa ngaphambi kokuqinisekisa inkokhelo

Kodwa abaphathi abayinhloko kufanele babe ngokulinganayo — amaphutha amancane angathinti ukusebenza angase angasisekeli ukukhipha inkokhelo. Umthetho ngokuvamile ucacisa izinqubo zokuphatha iphutha.

Ukugcinwa kusebenza kanjani uma ukuqeda okuyiprakthiki kubambezeleka?

Uma ukuqeda okuyiprakthiki kubambezeleka, ukukhululwa kokugcinwa nakho kubambezeleka. Isitifiketi sokugcina esingaphezu kwesinye (esikhulula 50% kokugcinwa) sikhishwa kuphela lapho ukuqeda okuyiprakthiki kufinyelelwa, kungakhathalekile usuku lohlelo lwangempela. Lokhu kusho:

Ukugcinwa kuyaqhubeka kuqoqwa kuze kube sekuqedeni okuyiprakthiki
Ukukhululwa kwe-50% kokugcinwa kubambezeleka kuze kube sekuqedeni okuyiprakthiki
Ukukhululwa kwe-50% yokugcina kubambezeleka kuze kube sekuqedeni kokugcina

Hlela lokhu ekugageleni kwakho kokugeleza kwemali — ukuqeda okuyiprakthiki okubambezelekile kusho ukukhululwa kokugcinwa okubambezelekile.

Yini okufakwayo esitifiketini sokukhokha sokugcina?

Isitifiketi sokukhokha sokugcina sifaka:

Wonke umsebenzi oqediwe kuze kube sekuqedeni kokugcina
Konke ukulungisa kwe-akhawunti yokugcina
Zonke izinguquko zixazululiwe
Ukugcinwa okusele kukhululwa (ngokuvamile 50% yokugcina)
Zonke izinani ezisele
Isixazululo sokugcina somthetho

Isitifiketi sokugcina sivala izinhlangothi zezimali zomthetho. Qinisekisa ukuthi zonke izinguquko, izimangalo nokulungisa zifakwe ngaphambi kokuvumelana nesitifiketi sokugcina.

Isiphetho

Amasitifiketi okukhokha inqubekelaphambili eNingizimu Afrika abalulekile ekugelezeni kwemali kokwakha. Ukuqonda ukuthi asebenza kanjani ngaphansi kwe-JBCC, NEC ne-GCC — kusukela ezimangalweni kuya ekuhloleni, ekuqinisekiseni nasekukhokheni — kusiza ugweme izimpikiswano futhi ukhokhelwe ngesikhathi. Inqubo inezikhathi eziqinile, ukubala okuningiliziwe nababambiqhaza abaningi; ukuphatha ngesandla kuhamba kancane futhi kungaholela emaphutheni. Isofthiwe esekela ifomu lomthetho wakho ingenza ukubala, ukugcinwa nokulandelela inkokhelo ngokuzenzakalelayo ukuze amasitifiketi aphume ngesikhathi futhi ukugeleza kwemali kuhlale kuqagelwa.

Uma uphatha amasitifiketi okukhokha inqubekelaphambili eNingizimu Afrika futhi ufuna ipulatifomu eyodwa yemikontraka ye-JBCC, NEC ne-GCC, ukugcinwa nokulandelela inkokhelo, bona ukuthi Wakha usiza kanjani abakhi nabathuthukisi ukuphatha amasitifiketi nokugeleza kwemali.

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