Truck Axle Load Limits South Africa: Reference e Feletšego

Overload e tee kua weighbridge e ka go costa R15,000 goba go feta ka difine, plus demerit points le impoundment. N3 goba N1, seo se bolela toroko e emego go fihla load e lokišwa gomme operator a duetše. Truck axle load limits South Africa di beilwe ke National Road Traffic Act, gomme go se tsebe ga se phetogo. Tlhahlo ye e go nea melawana e nepagetšego, foromula ya bridge, melao ya liability ya consignor, le dikgato tša tirong go dula o latela molao.

Framework ya molao: National Road Traffic Act (NRTA)

Melawana ya boima bja toroko le axle South Africa di beilwe ke National Road Traffic Act 93 ya 1996 (NRTA) le melao ya yona. Molao o fa Minister of Transport matla a go laela boima bjo bogolo kudu bja dilo tše di tsamayago le dikopano, gomme melawana ya bjale e fiwa ka National Road Traffic Regulations (bjalo ka ge e nwešitšwe).

Dintlha tše bohlokwa:

Steering axle, single axle, tandem axle, le tridem axle di laelwa ka sehlopha sa axle.
Gross Vehicle Mass (GVM) le Gross Combination Mass (GCM) di šoma toroko ka moka goba kopano.
Foromula ya bridge e thibela boima bjo bo kopantšwego bja di-sehlopha tša axle le sebaka gare ga tšona go šireletša ditsela.
Overloading ke molato; dikotlo di akaretša difine tše di godago, demerit points, le impoundment.
Consignors le consignees ba na le maikarabelo a itšego ka tlase ga Melao 330A–330D (load declarations, payload capacity, ditokomane). Go palega go latela go ka fetola liability ya overloading go ya go consignor.

Tšhomišo ke maikarabelo a operator, driver, le—kae go šomago—consignor. Go se tsebe melawana ga se phetogo.

Melawana ya axle load: ditafola tša reference e bonolo

Melawana e latelago e šoma dilo tše di tsamayago le dikopano tša dilo tše di tsamayago ditseleng tša South Africa ka tlase ga framework ya NRTA. Boima bohle bo ka kilogram (kg).

Molawana wa steering axle

Mohuta wa axle	Boima bjo bogolo kudu	Dinotlwa
Steering axle	7 700 kg	Axle e tee ye e otlegago vehicle. Gantši axle ya pele dinakong tša rigid trucks le ditractor.

Molawana wa steering axle o fase go axle e nngwe e tee go šireletša geometry ya steering le go wear ga thaya. Go feta seo go oketša kotsi ya go palega ga steering.

Single axle (e sa otlegago)

Mohuta wa axle	Boima bjo bogolo kudu	Dinotlwa
Single axle	9 000 kg	Axle e tee ye e sego pilara ya steering.

Se se šoma axle e tee e sa bopago karolo ya sehlopha sa tandem goba tridem. Di-drive axle torokong ya rigid (ge e na le axle e tee ya morago) ka tlwaelo di wela ka tlase ga molawana wo.

Molawana wa tandem axle

Mohuta wa axle	Boima bjo bogolo kudu	Dinotlwa
Tandem axle	18 000 kg	Di-axle tše pedi sehlopheng (mohl. di-axle tše pedi tša morago torokong ya rigid, goba di-drive axle tractorong).

18 000 kg ke boima bja kakaretšo sehlopheng sa tandem, e sego per axle. Sebaka le configuratio di swanetše go kgotsofatsa foromula ya bridge (bona ka tlase).

Molawana wa tridem axle

Mohuta wa axle	Boima bjo bogolo kudu	Dinotlwa
Tridem axle	24 000 kg	Di-axle tše tharo sehlopheng (mohl. trailerong goba configuratio tše itšego tša tipper).

Gape, 24 000 kg ke kakaretšo bakeng sa sehlopha. Di-tridem axle di tlwaelegile di-semi-trailer le configuratio tše dingwe tša tipper.

Kakaretšo: melawana ya di-sehlopha tša axle

Sehlopha sa axle	Boima bjo bogolo kudu (kg)
Steering axle	7 700
Single axle	9 000
Tandem axle	18 000
Tridem axle	24 000

Tše ke dithoto tša go aga. GVM goba GCM e dumelegilwego ya vehicle ya gago e latela configuratio ya yona le foromula ya bridge.

GVM le configuratio ya vehicle

Gross Vehicle Mass (GVM) ke boima bjo bogolo kudu bjo bo dumelegilwego bja vehicle (go akaretša load) bjalo ka ge b laetšwe ke moagi goba b laelwa ke molao. Gross Combination Mass (GCM) ke boima bjo bogolo kudu bjo bo dumelegilwego bja kopano ya vehicle (mohl. tractor + semi-trailer).

GVM e dumelegilwego ke e e fase ga:

GVM ya plated ya moagi, le
Kakaretšo ya boima bjo b dumelegilwego bja di-sehlopha tša axle ka moka, bo laelwago ke foromula ya bridge.

Mehlala ya GVM ka tlwaelo ka configuratio (e laetšago; netefatša ka plating ya vehicle ya gago le melao ya bjale):

Configuratio	GVM e kgolo kudu ka tlwaelo (kg)	Dinotlwa
2-axle rigid (steering + single)	16 700	7 700 + 9 000
3-axle rigid (steering + tandem)	25 700	7 700 + 18 000
4-axle rigid (steering + tridem)	31 700	7 700 + 24 000
5-axle articulated (tractor + semi)	56 000 (GCM)	Tlwaelegile bakeng sa freight; foromula ya bridge e šoma

Melawana ya nnete bakeng sa vehicle ya gago e swanetše go balwa go certificate of fitness le plate ya moagi. O se ke wa nagana GVM e kgolo go feta e plated goba e tšwago molaong.

Foromula ya bridge

Foromula ya bridge e laela boima bja kakaretšo bjo b ka beilwago di-axle tše pedi goba go feta tše di latelanago go theilwego sebakeng gare ga axle ya mathomo le ya mafelelo sehlopheng. E thibela loading e ngata kua dibrileng le dikolwane.

Ka mantšu a bonolo:

Boima bjo bo dumelegilwego di-axleng tše setšego bo latela sebaka (L) gare ga axle ya mathomo le ya mafelelo setšeng seo.
Foromula (ka kgopolo): W = k × L, moo W e lego boima bja kakaretšo le L e lego ka metres. Constant le sebopego sa nnete di beilwe melaong.
Ge boima di-axleng di feta se foromula e dumelelago sebakeng seo, vehicle e overloadwa le ge sehlopha se sengwe le se sengwe se le ka gare ga molawana wa 7 700 / 9 000 / 18 000 / 24 000 kg.

Ge ba rulaganya dithoto le sebaka sa axle (mohl. di-tandem tše di slidegago di-trailerong), ba-operator ba swanetše go netefatša bobedi:

Sehlopha se sengwe sa axle ga se fete molawana wa sona (steering 7 700, single 9 000, tandem 18 000, tridem 24 000), le
Boima bjo bo kopantšwego le sebaka sa axle di latela foromula ya bridge.

Basebi ba weighbridge le baodi ba traffic ba šomiša foromula go lekola tšhomišo. Balulaganyi ba fleet le load ba swanetše go e šomiša ge ba abela payload go thibela overloads kua weighbridge.

Dikotlo tša overloading: difine le impoundment

Overloading e tšewa ka serious. Dikotlo ka tlase ga NRTA le enforcement e amanago (go akaretša AARTO) di akaretša:

Difine tše di godago: Difine di gola ka tefego ya overload. Overloads tše botegago di kgotlela R15,000 le go feta, e na le ditekanyo tše dikgolo bakeng sa go boa goba dikotsi tše dibotego.
Demerit points: Ba-operator le badriver ba ka amogela demerit points ka tlase ga sisteme ya AARTO, e amago dikarata tša operator le dilayesenese.
Impoundment ya vehicle: Dilo tše di tsamayago di ka impoundwa go fihla overload e lokišwa le difine di duetšwe. Seo se bolela downtime dikoridorong tše bohlokwa, ditshenyegelo tše eketšego, le kotsi ya kontraka le baromi.

Go dula ka gare ga melawana ya axle le GVM/GCM ke tsela e tee ya go thibela diphetho tše. Pre-trip weighing le load declarations tša consignor (bona ka tlase) di bohlokwa.

Liability ya consignor le consignee (Melao 330A–330D)

Melao 330A go 330D e bea maikarabelo a hlakilego go consignors (le ka dinako tše dingwe consignees). Ge di sa latelwe, liability ya overloading e ka fetoga go ya go consignor.

Bona payload capacity ka ngwalo

Consignor o swanetše go bona tshedimošo ya ngwalo go tšwa operator mabapi le payload capacity ya vehicle (goba kopano) ye e tla šomišwago. Payload capacity e bolela boima bja thepa ye vehicle e kgonago go e rwala ka molao (GVM kopanya tare, goba e lekanego bakeng sa dikopano). Go ikgantšha ka tshedimošo ya lentsu goba e sa rulagane ga go lekanego.

Boloka ditokomane tša load declaration

Consignor o swanetše go boloka ditokomane tša load declaration. Tše gantši di akaretša:

Identity ya operator le vehicle
Payload capacity e filwago ke operator
Thaloso le boima bja load bjo b declaretšwego
Letšatši le dintlha tša consignment

Ditokomane di swanetše go bolokwa nako ye e nyakwago ke molao gomme di tšwelele ge go kopiwa. Ka ntle le tšona, consignor a kgone go bontšha due diligence.

Tumelelo ya fuel (go fihla 1 000 litres ka tare)

Ge ba bala payload capacity, fuel tankeng ya vehicle e ka tšewa bjalo ka karolo ya tare mass (boima bjo bo sa ladenego) go fihla moedi wa 1 000 litres. Se se nea ba-operator tsela e tseneletšego ya go bala fuel ka ntle le go fokotša payload. Fuel e ka godimo ga 1 000 litres gantši e balwa bjalo ka karolo ya load bakeng sa tšhomišo ya boima.

Liability e fetoga go consignor

Ge consignor:

A pala go bona payload capacity ya ngwalo go tšwa operator, goba
A loada vehicle go feta capacity yeo, goba
A pala go boloka goba go nea ditokomane tša load declaration ge go nyakwa,

ka jalo consignor a ka tšewa a ikarabela molato wa overloading, go eketša goba e lego legato la operator/driver. Ka jalo consignors ba swanetše go ba le tshepedi ya go bona payload ka ngwalo, go declarela dithoto ka nepo, le go boloka ditokomane.

Ba-operator ba swanetše go tshegetša consignors ka go nea payload capacity e hlakilego ya ngwalo le go šomišana ka load declarations. Sisteme ya taolo ya thwala e kgona go kgoboke payload capacity le go hlagisa load declarations gore bobedi ba dule ba latela molao.

Tshepedi le dinyakwa tša weighbridge

Di-weighbridge dikoridorong tše kgolo bjalo ka N3 (mohl. Mariannhill, Mooi River), N1 (dikarolo tša Gauteng le Cape), le N2 di šomišwa go phethagatša melawana ya axle le GVM. Badriver le ba-operator ba swanetše:

Go ema ge ba laelwa kua weighbridge. Go pala go ema goba go leka go phalala ke molato.
Go bea vehicle bjalo ka ge e laetšwe gore axle goba sehlopha sa axle se lekwe ka nepo (static goba in-motion weighing, bjalo ka sesebo).
Go tšwelela ditokomane ge go nyakwa (mohl. layesenese, ditokomane tša operator, tokumente ya load).
Go latela ditaelo ge ba hwetšwa ba overload (mohl. loada e ntshi, tsamaya go area e bolokegilego). Go gana go ka tlisa impoundment le ditshenyegelo tše eketšego.

Basebi ba weighbridge ba ka lekanya toroko ka moka, di-sehlopha tša axle, goba bobedi. Overload sehlopheng se sengwe sa axle goba GVM/GCM dira gore vehicle e se lateli. Go tseba tare ya vehicle ya gago le kabo ya axle go thusa go thibela overloads pele o fihla weighbridge.

Dikgakologelo tša tirong: ka moka go thibela overloading

Bona payload capacity ya ngwalo bakeng sa vehicle/kopano ye nngwe le ye nngwe ye o e šomišago gomme o e abe le consignors. E nweše ge configuratio goba didirišwa di fetoga.
Laola boima bja tare: Tseba tare ya nnete ya vehicle ye nngwe le ye nngwe (go akaretša fuel go fihla 1 000 L, driver, didirišwa, le didirišwa). Bodywork e eketšego goba didirišwa di fokotša payload.
Šomiša load declarations: Bakeng sa consignment ye nngwe le ye nngwe, declarela mohuta wa load le boima. Bapetša boima bjo b declaretšwego le payload capacity gomme netefatša gore consignor o na le capacity ya ngwalo gomme a boloka ditokomane.
Pre-trip weighing: Kae go kgonagala, lekanya dithoto pele ga dispatch (weighbridge ya gago goba sesebo se se lego kgau). Lekola kabo ya axle, e sego boima bja kakaretšo feela. Lokisa placement ya load goba šomiša vehicle e nngwe ge go hlokega.
Ruta badriver le balulaganyi: Netefatša gore ba tseba melawana ya axle, motheo wa foromula ya bridge, le melao ya consignor. Akaretša tshepedi ya weighbridge d briefing tša driver.
Šomiša TMS go tshegetša tšhomišo: Sisteme ya taolo ya thwala e kgona go boloka payload capacity, go hlagisa load declarations, le go bontšha di-trip tše di fetago capacity, e fokotša kotsi ya overloading le liability ya consignor.

Ka moka TMS software e thusa ka tšhomišo ya axle le load

Disisteme tša taolo ya thwala (TMS) di kgona go tshegetša tšhomišo ya truck axle load limits le melao ya consignor ka ditsela tše dintši:

Payload capacity le data ya motheo ya vehicle: Boloka GVM, tare, le payload ya molao per vehicle/kopano. Šomiša se bakeng sa payload capacity ya ngwalo go consignors le bakeng sa load planning.
Load declarations: Hlagisa le boloka load declarations (mohuta wa load, boima, consignor, vehicle) tše di kgokagantšwego le leeto le lengwe le le lengwe. Se se tshegetša Reg 330A–D record-keeping bakeng sa consignors le ba-operator.
Dikgopotsi tša overloading: Ge o rulaganya leeto, bapetša boima bja load bjo b declaretšwego goba bjo b rulagantšwego le payload capacity gomme bontšha overloads pele ga dispatch. Disisteme tše dingwe di kopantša le weighbridge goba data ya onboard weight bakeng sa dilekgo tša real-time.
Direport le audits: Hlagisa direport mabapi le tšhomišo ya payload, load declarations, le tšhomišo bakeng sa audits tša ka gare le RTMS goba dilekgo tša baodi. RTMS certification gantši e nyaka bopaki bja ditaolo tša load le overloading; TMS e nea audit trail e hlakilego.

Go bea tšhelete TMS ye e tshegetšago payload, declarations, le thibelo ya overloading ke kgato ya tirong go dula ka gare ga truck axle load limits South Africa le go phethagatša dinyakwa tša liability ya consignor.

Tafola ya kakaretšo: truck axle load limits South Africa

Ntlha	Molawana goba nyakwa
Steering axle	7 700 kg
Single axle	9 000 kg
Tandem axle	18 000 kg
Tridem axle	24 000 kg
GVM / GCM	Bjalo ka plated le foromula ya bridge; 5-axle GCM ka tlwaelo 56 000 kg
Foromula ya bridge	Boima bja axle bjo bo kopantšwego bo laelwa ke sebaka gare ga axle ya mathomo le ya mafelelo sehlopheng
Consignor	Bona payload capacity ya ngwalo; boloka ditokomane tša load declaration; go fihla 1 000 L fuel ka tare
Overloading	Difine, demerits, impoundment; consignor a ikarabela ge Reg 330A–D e sa latelwe

Dipotšišo tše di botšišwago gantši

Molawana wa steering axle South Africa ke ofe?

Boima bjo bogolo kudu steering axle ke 7 700 kg ka tlase ga National Road Traffic Act le melao. E axle e tee ye e otlegago vehicle (ka tlwaelo axle ya pele). E fase go 9 000 kg e dumelegilwego di-axle tše dingwe tše di tee go šireletša steering le dithaya.

Go direga eng ge toroko ya gago e overloadwa kua weighbridge?

O ka lebana le difine tše di godago (e kgolo kudu bakeng sa overload e kgolo), demerit points ka tlase ga AARTO, le impoundment ya vehicle go fihla overload e lokišwa le difine di duetšwe. Vehicle e ka se otlelwe go fihla e le ka gare ga melawana ya molao. Consignors ba ka ikarabela gape ge ba sa bone payload capacity ya ngwalo goba ba boloke ditokomane tša load declaration bjalo ka ge Melao 330A–330D e nyaka.

Ke mang yo a ikarabelago overloading: operator goba consignor?

Bobedi ba ka ikarabela. Operator le driver ba ikarabela go netefatša gore vehicle e sa overloadwe. Consignor o na le maikarabelo ka tlase ga Reg 330A–330D: bona payload capacity ya ngwalo go tšwa operator, netefatša gore load e sa fete capacity yeo, le go boloka ditokomane tša load declaration. Ge consignor a pala maikarabelo a le gomme vehicle e overloadwa, liability e ka fetoga go consignor. Ba-operator ba swanetše go nea payload capacity ya ngwalo le go tshegetša load declarations go šireletša bobedi.

Fuel e kae e ka balwa bjalo ka boima bja tare?

Go fihla 1 000 litres ya fuel tankeng ya vehicle e ka akaretšwa tare mass ge ba bala payload capacity. Fuel e ka godimo ga 1 000 litres gantši e balwa bjalo ka karolo ya load bakeng sa tšhomišo ya melawana ya boima. Se se beilwe melaong ya NRTA gomme se amago thepa e kae vehicle e kgonago go e rwala ka molao.

Šomiša tsebe ye bjalo ka reference ya gago bakeng sa truck axle load limits South Africa, foromula ya bridge, melao ya consignor, le dikotlo tša overloading. Bakeng sa RTMS le tšhomišo e bophara, bona tlhahlo ya RTMS certification South Africa. Go laola payload capacity, load declarations, le kotsi ya overloading fleet ya gago ka moka go tšwa platform e tee, bona ka moka Thwala e thusa bašomi ba freight ba South Africa go laola di-order, tšhomišo, le settlement.