Umhlahlandlela Wesikhathi Sokuzibophezela Ngamaphutha Kokwakha eNingizimu Afrika

Isikhathi Sokuzibophezela Ngamaphutha Kokwakha eNingizimu Afrika: Umhlahlandlela Osebenzayo

Amaqembu amaningi ephrojekthi agxila kuphela esikhathini sokuzibophezela ngamaphutha lapho inkokhelo isivele ibambezelekile, i-retention isivaliwe, futhi ubudlelwano bokunikezana buqale ukwehla. Lokho kuyabiza. Empeleni, isikhathi sokuzibophezela ngamaphutha kokwakha eNingizimu Afrika yindawo lapho ingozi iguqukela khona kusuka “enkingeni yekhwalithi yokwakha” iye “engozini yokugeleza kwemali nasengozini yomthetho” uma izibopho, izinsuku zezaziso, nobufakazi bokuvala kungaphathwa kahle.

Uma ungumkontraki, umthuthukisi, noma umlawuli wenkontileka, lo mhlahlandlela ukunika icebo elisebenzayo laseNingizimu Afrika. Uzobona ukuthi ukuzibophezela ngamaphutha kusebenza kanjani ezinkontilekeni ze-JBCC, NEC ne-GCC, ukuthi kuhlangana kanjani nemithwalo ye-NHBRC nomthetho wabathengi, nokuthi ungayiqhuba kanjani inqubo yokuvala engavikeleka esekela ukuqedwa kokugcina kanye nenkokhelo.

Kungani ukuzibophezela ngamaphutha kuba yingozi yezentengiselwano, hhayi eyezobuchwepheshe kuphela

Kumaphrojekthi amaningi, isikhathi sokuzibophezela ngamaphutha siphathwa njengomsila omfushane wezobuchwepheshe ngemva kokuqedwa okusebenzayo. Iqembu lasesiteni liyathuthela kwiphrojekthi elandelayo, iqembu lekhasimende liyashintsha, futhi uhlu lwamaphutha lulandelelwa ngama-imeyili ahlukene noma ama-spreadsheet. Lokhu kudala ukwehluleka okuthathu okulindelekile.

Okokuqala, izinhlangothi azabelani irejista eyodwa yamaphutha eyamukelwe yizo zonke. Amanye amaphutha abhalwa emaminithini omhlangano, amanye ngezithombe ze-WhatsApp, futhi amanye ngemiyalelo yasesiteni evela kubeluleki. Uma kungekho inguqulo eyodwa yeqiniso, amaqembu aphikisana ngobubanzi bomsebenzi kunokulungisa izinkinga.

Okwesibili, imingcele yezibopho ayicaci. Osonkontileka abakhulu, osonkontileka abangaphansi ababiziwe, kanye nezazi zokufaka izinto ngezinye zingase zicabange ukuthi omunye umuntu unesibopho. Ngaphandle kobunikazi obucacile kwento ngayinye yephutha, izinsuku zokugcina ziyadlula futhi izingxabano ziyakhula.

Okwesithathu, ubufakazi bokuvala buyabuthaka. Umkontraki angase abike ukuthi “kuqediwe” kanti i-principal agent noma umqashi usadinga ubufakazi njengezitifiketi zokuhlola, amarekhodi okuqalisa ukusebenza, noma amanothi asayiniwe okuvalwa kwamaphutha amancane. Umphumela uyaziwa kusengaphambili: ukuqedwa kokugcina kuyabambezeleka, ukukhululwa kwe-retention kuyabambezeleka, futhi ukwethembana kuyehla.

ENingizimu Afrika, le nkinga ayigcinwa emkhakheni owodwa. Ivela ekwakhweni kwezindlu, ezintuthukweni ezisebenzisa izindawo ngezindlela ezahlukene, kanye nasemisebenzini yengqalasizinda. Inkinga eyinhloko ubuqotho benqubo. Ukuzibophezela ngamaphutha kufanele kuphathwe njenge-workflow yenkontileka nokuthobela imithetho, hhayi njengohlu lwezinto oluyisisho nje.

Kumaqembu afuna isisekelo esiqinile sokuthobela imithetho ngaphambi kokuvala, lolu hlolo lwemithwalo ye-CIDB luyasiza: Incazelo ye-CIDB grading.

Isikhathi sokuzibophezela ngamaphutha kokwakha eNingizimu Afrika: umongo wezomthetho nowenkontileka

Isikhathi sokuzibophezela ngamaphutha kokwakha eNingizimu Afrika sihlala kuqala ngaphansi komthetho wenkontileka, bese sihlangana nemithethonqubo yomkhakha kanye nokuvikelwa kwabathengi lapho kufanele. Amalungelo nemithwalo enembayo ihlala ixhomeke esivumelwaneni osayine kanye nedatha yenkontileka yaso.

Ithebula elingezansi linikeza indawo yokuqhathanisa esebenzayo yemindeni yezinkontileka evamile esetshenziswa eNingizimu Afrika.

Uhlaka lwenkontileka	Isikhathi sichazwa kanjani ngokuvamile	Isishukumisi sokuvala ngokusebenzayo	Umphumela wezentengiselwano uma kungaphathwa
JBCC (imisebenzi yokwakha)	Isikhathi sokuzibophezela ngamaphutha sishiwo ku-contract data (imvamisa cishe izinsuku ezingama-90 zekhalenda, kodwa singahluka).	Amaphutha alungiswa aze enelise i-principal agent ukuze kufinyelelwe ekuqedweni kokugcina.	Ukubambezeleka kwesitifiketi sokuqedwa kokugcina kanye nokubambezeleka kokukhululwa kwe-retention.
NEC (umndeni we-ECC)	Amaphutha aphathwa ngokwedethi echaziwe yamaphutha kanye nenqubo yokulungisa ku-contract data.	Amaphutha alungiswe noma amukelwe ngaphansi kwezindlela zenkontileka ngaphambi kwezigaba zenkokhelo zokugcina.	Ukubambezeleka kwenkokhelo, ubunzima be-compensation event, kanye nengozi yengxabano.
GCC (imisebenzi yezakhiwo/imigwaqo)	Ukuzibophezela ngamaphutha nemithwalo yokugcina kubekwa ku-contract data nemibandela, ivame ukuba yide emaphrojekthini omgwaqo/ezakhiwo.	Ukwamukelwa komsebenzi wokulungisa yi-engineer/umqashi kanye nokukhishwa kwezitifiketi ezifanele zokuqedwa/zamaphutha.	Amaphutha angakalungiswa avimbela inkokhelo nokuvalwa kwama-akhawunti enkontileka.

Amaphuzu amathathu akhethekile aseNingizimu Afrika abalulekile lapha:

• I-contract data ilawula ubude besikhathi kanye nenqubo. Ungathembeli “enqubweni ejwayelekile” evela emsebenzini owedlule; sebenzisa uhlobo olusayiniwe kanye nedatha eqondene nephrojekthi.
• Imithwalo ye-NHBRC ingaqhubeka ngale kokuqedwa okusebenzayo. Kumaphrojekthi okwakha izindlu abhalisiwe, imithwalo ye-warranty iyaqhubeka ngokwesu lwe-NHBRC, ngakho isu lamaphutha kufanele licabangele ingozi ezovela ngemva kokunikezana.
• Amaphrojekthi athintana nabathengi angase avuse imithwalo ye-CPA. Lapho i-Consumer Protection Act isebenza, amalungelo ekhwalithi acashiwe angadala imithwalo ehlala isikhathi eside kunesikhathi samaphutha senkontileka.

Imithombo eyinhloko esizayo ihlanganisa i-Housing Consumers Protection Measures Act kanye ne-Consumer Protection Act. Ukuze uchaze uhlobo lwenkontileka, thembela enkontilekeni esesisebenza kanye nozeluleko lomthetho olusemthethweni.

Uhlaka olusebenzayo lokuphatha ukuzibophezela ngamaphutha kumaphrojekthi aseNingizimu Afrika

Uhlaka oluqinile lulula: irejista eyodwa, umnikazi oyedwa kwento ngayinye, i-logic eyodwa yosuku lokugcina, izinga elilodwa lobufakazi. Uhlu lokuhlola olungezansi lwakhelwe amaqembu amaphrojekthi aseNingizimu Afrika asebenzisa izakhiwo ze-JBCC, NEC, noma GCC.

Uhlu lokuhlola lokuzibophezela ngamaphutha

Isigaba	Okumele kwenziwe	Ubufakazi obuncane	Umnikazi
Ngaphambi kokuqedwa okusebenzayo	Vumelanani ngezigaba zamaphutha amancane, izikhathi zokuphendula, nezindinganiso zokwamukela ngokubhaliwe.	Amaminithi omhlangano asayiniwe kanye nerejista yesifanekiso evunyelwe.	I-principal agent/engineer + umkontraki
Ekuqedweni okusebenzayo	Khipha uhlu lokuqala lwamaphutha olunama-ID ezintweni kanye nezinhlangothi ezinesibopho.	Uhlu olunosuku, izithombe, izinkomba zendawo, umnikazi wesigaba somsebenzi.	Umlawuli wenkontileka
Ngesikhathi sokuzibophezela ngamaphutha	Qhuba umjikelezo wamasonto onke wokuvala: yabela, lungisa, qinisekisa, sayina.	Irejista ebuyekeziwe, izithombe zangaphambi/nangemva, amarekhodi okuhlola lapho kudingeka.	Umphathi wesiteni + abaholi bezigaba zomsebenzi
Ngaphambi kwesicelo sokuqedwa kokugcina	Qinisekisa zonke izinto ezisavuliwe, hlanganisa ifayela elisekelayo, qinisekisa ukuthi awekho amaphutha abucayi acashile angakalungiswa.	Iphakethe lokuvala elihlanganisiwe kanye ne-matrix yokusayina.	Umnyango wokulawula izinkontileka womkontraki
Isigaba sokuqedwa kokugcina	Faka isicelo esisemthethweni nesethi yobufakazi ephelele.	Incwadi yokufaka isicelo, irejista esayiniwe, izitifiketi, ama-as-built lapho kufanele.	Umkontraki
Ukuqapha ngemva kokunikezana	Landelela ukuthambekela kwezinkinga ezicashile/ezibuyayo kanye nemithwalo ye-warranty.	Umlando wamaphutha kanye nerekhodi lokuxhumana.	Iqembu lokusebenza lomthuthukisi/umqashi

Ukwenza lokhu kusebenze ngokoqobo:

1. Hlukanisa amaphutha ngokobukhulu nangesistimu. Amaphutha okubukeka, okusebenza, abucayi ekuphepheni, kanye nokungahambisani nomthetho akufanele abelane usuku olulodwa lokugcina.
2. Hlela into ngayinye ukuze ibe nomnikazi wenkontileka. Faka iphakethe lenkontileka engaphansi, umphathi onesibopho, kanye nomnikazi wokunyusa uma kunesidingo.
3. Sebenzisa amawindi ezaziso enkontileka. Izaziso ezifika sekwephuze zingabuthakathaka amalungelo okubuyisela, ikakhulukazi lapho imibandela ye-back-to-back yenkontileka engaphansi iqinile.
4. Xhuma ukuvala ne-logic yenkokhelo. Uma inkontileka yakho ixhuma izigaba zenkokhelo, i-retention, noma izinyathelo ze-akhawunti yokugcina ekulungisweni kwamaphutha, kwenze lokho kubonakale kumaqembu ezentengiselwano.
5. Misa izinga lobufakazi kusenesikhathi. Emsebenzini we-MEP nowezazi ezikhethekile, cela amaphepha okuqalisa ukusebenza, ukuhlolwa kwengcindezi, noma ukusayina komenzi lapho kufanele.

Uma iqembu lakho lidinga ukuqinisa ukulawulwa kwezentengiselwano kanye nokuvalwa kwamaphutha, lo mhlahlandlela uwumngane osizayo: Umhlahlandlela wesitifiketi senkokhelo se-JBCC.

Kungani ama-spreadsheet namathuluzi angaxhumene ehluleka ngesikhathi sokuvalwa kwamaphutha

Ama-spreadsheet abukeka eshibhile ekuqaleni, kodwa avame ukwehluleka ekuzibophezeleni ngamaphutha ngoba inqubo ihilela izinhlangothi eziningi, izinsuku ezibucayi, kanye nobufakazi obuningi.

Ukwehluleka kokuqala ukulawulwa kwezinguqulo. Incwadi yomsebenzi ye-QS, isilandeleli sombeluleki, kanye nohlu lwamaphutha lwasesiteni kuhluka ngokushesha. Ekupheleni kwenyanga, akekho ongafakaza ukuthi isimo sayiphi into esisebenzayo.

Ukwehluleka kwesibili ukulandeleka kobufakazi. Iphutha lingase lisuke esimweni esivuliwe liye kwesivaliwe ngaphandle komzila wobufakazi ocacile. Uma umqashi ephikisa ukuvalwa kamuva, umkontraki uba ngenayo irekhodi yokucwaninga elingavikeleka.

Ukwehluleka kwesithathu ukuhlanganiswa nokulawulwa kwezentengiselwano. Isimo samaphutha sivame ukuhlala ngokwehlukana nezinhlelo ze-retention, izitifiketi zenkokhelo, kanye nemisebenzi ye-akhawunti yokugcina. Amaqembu abese ethola sekwephuze ukuthi izinto ezingakalungiswa zivimbela inkokhelo eqinisekisiwe.

Ukwehluleka kwesine ukuqhubeka komsebenzi. Ngesikhathi sokucinywa kukagesi noma uxhumano olubuthakathaka, amanothi ephepha kanye nemiyalezo engahlelekile kuyanda. Ngaphandle kokuvumelanisa okuhlelekile kanye nobunikazi obususelwa ezindimeni, ukuvala kuyaphuza ikakhulukazi lapho amaqembu edinga ukuqiniseka.

Indlela engcono ukuphatha amaphutha njenge-workflow yenkontileka:

• Irejista eyodwa ephilayo yamaphutha eyabelwana phakathi kwamaqembu asesiteni, awezinkontileka, nawezentengiselwano.
• Ubunikazi obususelwa ezindimeni kwento ngayinye, kufaka phakathi ukuzibophezela kwenkontileka engaphansi.
• Izaziso ezinesitembu sesikhathi kanye namalogi okuvala ahambisana nezinqubo zenkontileka.
• Ubufakazi obunanyathiselwe ezingeni lento ngayinye, hhayi emafolideni ahlukene.
• Izikhumbuzo ezizenzakalelayo ngaphambi kwezinsuku zokugcina zezaziso nokuqedwa.

Ukuze kuvumelaniswe nengozi yenkokhelo, amaqembu kufanele futhi abuyekeze izitifiketi zenkokhelo yenqubekelaphambili eNingizimu Afrika, ngoba amaphutha kanye nokuphathwa kwesikhathi senkokhelo kuvame ukuxhumana.

Isibonelo esisebenzayo saseNingizimu Afrika: ukuphatha amaphutha kwintuthuko esebenzisa izindlela ezahlukene

Cabanga ngephrojekthi esebenzisa izindlela ezahlukene eGauteng enenani lenkontileka lika-R48 million. Ukuqedwa okusebenzayo kufinyelelwa ngohlu lwamaphutha angu-132 emisebenzini yokuphothula, ukuvimbela amanzi, ukulinganisa i-HVAC, kanye nokuqalisa ukusebenza kokulawula ukungena. I-contract data ibeka isikhathi samaphutha sezinsuku ezingama-90.

Ngaphandle kokuphathwa okuqotho, iphethini elivamile liyaziwa: amaphutha okubukeka avalwa kuqala, izinto zobuchwepheshe ziyaphuza, futhi osonkontileka abangaphansi abakhethekile babuya sekwephuze. Ngosuku lwe-90, izinto eziningana ezihlobene nokuqalisa ukusebenza zisala ziphikiswa futhi ukukhululwa kwe-retention kuhlehliswa.

Manje qhathanisa lokho nendlela ehlelekile:

Isonto	Izenzo ezibalulekile	Umphumela olindelekile	Umthelela wezentengiselwano
1-2	Qedela irejista yesisekelo, yabela abanikazi, khipha izaziso zosonkontileka abangaphansi.	Uhlu olulodwa olwamukelwe olunezinsuku zokugcina kanye nokuzibophezela.	Kunciphisa izingxabano mayelana nobubanzi bomsebenzi nesibopho.
3-6	Qhuba imijikelezo yamasonto onke yokuqinisekisa, nyusa izinto ezibucayi ezidlule isikhathi.	Ukwehla okucacile kwamaphutha asavuliwe kanye nokuvalwa okusekelwe ubufakazi.	Kuvikela umugqa wesikhathi wesicelo sokuqedwa kokugcina.
7-10	Gxila ekuhlolweni kwezinhlelo, amaphutha aphindaphindayo, kanye nezindawo ezithintana namakhasimende.	Izinto ezivulwa kabusha zincipha kanye nerekhodi eliqinile lokuqinisekisa ikhwalithi.	Kwehlisa ingozi yokubanjwa kwe-retention.
11-13	Hlanganisa iphakethe lokuvala, wenze ukucwaninga kusengaphambili ne-principal agent/engineer.	Isicelo sokuqedwa kokugcina esingavikeleka.	Kuthuthukisa amathuba okuqhubeka ngesikhathi kwe-akhawunti yokugcina.

Kulesi sibonelo, ubuqotho abukhona ngesofthiwe kuqala. Kumayelana nokubusa: inqubo eyodwa eyamukelwe yizinhlangothi zonke, amarekhodi ezaziso acacile, kanye nekhwalithi yobufakazi engama isikhathi engxabanweni. Isofthiwe iba yisistimu yokusebenza egcina lokho kubusa kuhambisana kumaphrojekthi wonke.

Ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukulungela kokunikezana ngaphambi kokuba amaphutha abe ingcindezi yokugeleza kwemali, sebenzisa nalo mhlahlandlela wokusebenza: uhlu lokuhlola lokunikezana kwephrojekthi yokwakha.

Ubani okufanele enze icebo lokuzibophezela ngamaphutha manje

Akulona wonke ibhizinisi elidinga ukujula okufanayo kokulawula, kodwa iningi lezinkampani zokwakha zaseNingizimu Afrika lidinga icebo lamaphutha elibhaliwe uma amanani ephrojekthi kanye nobunzima babathintekayo bekhula.

Abakhi bezindlu kanye nosonkontileka ababhalisiwe ku-NHBRC badinga izinqubo eziphindaphindekayo ngemva kokunikezana. Ngisho lapho izikhathi zamaphutha zenkontileka zifushane, imithwalo yekhwalithi yomnikazi wendlu kanye nengozi ye-warranty kungaqhubeka.

Osonkontileka bezentengiselwano badinga ukulawulwa okuqinile kwe-back-to-back kosonkontileka abangaphansi. Uma amawindi ezaziso enkontileka enkulu eqinile kodwa imibandela yenkontileka engaphansi ingacacile, ukubuyisa kuba nzima futhi inzuzo iyancipha.

Abathuthukisi nabaphathi bentuthuko badinga ukubonakala ezingeni le-portfolio. Ukuvala okubambezelekile esigabeni esisodwa kungathinta ukulungela kokuqasha, ukubika kubatshalizimali, kanye nezigaba zezimali esigabeni esilandelayo.

Abalawuli bezinkontileka namaqembu e-QS badinga idatha yamaphutha exhunyaniswe nokulawulwa kwenkokhelo. Amaphutha awasiwo nje izinto ezincane zobuchwepheshe; angumnikelo ophilayo ekuqinisekeni kwesitifiketi kanye nokuqiniseka kwe-akhawunti yokugcina.

Uma isu lenkontileka yakho lisalungiselelwa ukuba yindinganiso, lo mbhalo omngani usiza ukuvumelanisa ukukhethwa kohlobo kanye nokulawulwa okulandelayo: izinhlobo zezinkontileka zokwakha eNingizimu Afrika.

Vala amaphutha ngokushesha futhi uvikele imiphumela

Okuyinhloko okumele kuqonde kulula: isikhathi sokuzibophezela ngamaphutha kokwakha eNingizimu Afrika kufanele siphathwe njengewindi lokuthobela imithetho kanye nokulawula kwezentengiselwano, hhayi isigaba esixegayo sokuqoqa amaphutha. Amaqembu ahlela ubunikazi, izaziso, ubufakazi, kanye nokubusa kokuvala avikela imigqa yesikhathi yokuqedwa kokugcina, anciphise ukungqubuzana kwenkokhelo, futhi ehlise ingozi yezingxabano.

Hlala uthobela imithetho futhi uvale amaphrojekthi akho ngokubambezeleka okuncane kwezinkokhelo - bheka ukuthi i-Wakha isekela kanjani ukuzibophezela ngamaphutha, ukulawulwa kwezinkontileka, kanye nokulawulwa kokunikezana kumaphrojekthi aseNingizimu Afrika.