Isikhathi Sokulungisa Amaphutha eSA: Umhlahlandlela
Isikhathi Sokulungisa Amaphutha eNingizimu Afrika: Umhlahlandlela Osebenzayo
Amaqembu amaningi ephrojekthi agxila ngesikhathi sokulungisa amaphutha kuphela uma inkokhelo isivele ibambezeleka, i-retention ivaliwe, nobudlelwano bokunikezana buqala ukonakala. Lokho kuyabiza. Empeleni, isikhathi sokulungisa amaphutha eNingizimu Afrika yisigaba lapho ingozi ishintsha isuke “ekukhathazekeni ngekhwalithi” iye “engozini yemali nengokomthetho” uma izibopho, izinsuku zezaziso, nobufakazi bokuwavalwa kungaphathwa kahle.
Uma ungunkontileka, umthuthukisi, noma umlawuli wenkontileka, lo mhlahlandlela unikeza indlela esebenzayo yaseNingizimu Afrika. Uzobona ukuthi ukuphathwa kwamaphutha kusebenza kanjani ngaphansi kwe-JBCC, NEC ne-GCC, ukuthi kuhlangana kanjani nezibopho ze-NHBRC ne-Consumer Protection Act, nokuthi wakha kanjani inqubo yokuvala engavikeleka esekela ukuqedwa kokugcina kanye nenkokhelo.
Kungani lesi sikhathi siyingozi yezentengiselwano, hhayi yezobuchwepheshe kuphela
Kumaphrojekthi amaningi, lesi sikhathi sibhekwa njengomsila omfushane wobuchwepheshe ngemuva kwe-practical completion. Ithimba lesiza liya kwelinye iphrojekthi, ithimba lekhasimende liyashintsha, bese uhlu lwamaphutha luhlala kuma-imeyili noma kuma-spreadsheet ahlukene. Lokhu kudala ukwehluleka okuthathu okujwayelekile.
Okokuqala, amaqembu awabelani ngerejista eyodwa yamaphutha eyamukelwe yibo bonke. Okwesibili, imingcele yesibopho ayicaci phakathi kwenkontileka enkulu, osonkontileka abangaphansi, nochwepheshe. Okwesithathu, ubufakazi bokuvala buvame ukuba buthakathaka, okwenza i-final completion ne-release ye-retention kubambezeleke.
Ukuze uqinise isisekelo sokuthobela ngaphambi kokuvala, bheka: incazelo ye-CIDB grading.
Isikhathi sokulungisa amaphutha eSA: umongo wezomthetho nowenkontileka
Lesi sikhathi siqala ngaphansi komthetho wenkontileka, bese sihlangana nemithethonqubo yomkhakha kanye nokuvikelwa kwabathengi lapho kufanele. Amalungelo nezibopho zixhomeke enkontilekeni esayiniwe kanye nedatha yenkontileka.
| Uhlaka lwenkontileka | Isikhathi sichazwa kanjani ngokujwayelekile | Isiqalo sokuvala ngokomsebenzi | Umphumela uma kungaphathwa kahle |
|---|---|---|---|
| JBCC (building works) | Isikhathi sibekwa ku-contract data (imvamisa cishe izinsuku ezingama-90, kodwa kungahluka). | Amaphutha alungisiwe aze aneliseke i-principal agent ukuze kukhishwe i-final completion. | Ukubambezeleka kwesitifiketi sokugcina kanye ne-retention release. |
| NEC (ECC family) | Amaphutha aphathwa nge-defects date nenqubo yokulungisa eku-contract data. | Amaphutha alungisiwe noma amukelwe ngaphambi kwezigaba zokukhokha zokugcina. | Ukubambezeleka kokukhokha, ubunzima be-compensation events, nengozi yengxabano. |
| GCC (civil works) | Izibopho zamaphutha nokugcinwa zibekwa ku-contract data nemibandela, zivame ukuba zide kumaphrojekthi omgwaqo/nobunjiniyela. | Ukwamukelwa komsebenzi wokulungisa yi-engineer/umqashi nokukhishwa kwezitifiketi ezifanele. | Amaphutha angakavinjwa avala ukukhokha nokuvalwa kwama-akhawunti enkontileka. |
Amaphuzu abalulekile eNingizimu Afrika:
- I-contract data iyona ebeka ubude benqubo. Ungathembeli “esimisweni esivamile” sephrojekthi edlule.
- Izibopho ze-NHBRC zingadlula i-practical completion. Kumaphrojekthi wokwakha izindlu afakiwe, izibopho ze-warranty ziyaqhubeka.
- Amaphrojekthi athinta abathengi angase afake i-CPA. Amalungelo ekhwalithi angadlula isikhathi senkontileka.
Imithombo esemthethweni: Housing Consumers Protection Measures Act kanye ne-Consumer Protection Act.
Uhlaka olusebenzayo lokuphatha amaphutha kumaphrojekthi aseSA
Uhlaka oluqinile lulula: irejista eyodwa, umnikazi oyedwa wento ngayinye, logic eyodwa yezinsuku, nezinga elilodwa lobufakazi.
Uhlu lokuhlola ngesikhathi sokulungisa amaphutha
| Isigaba | Okumele kwenziwe | Ubufakazi obuncane | Umnikazi |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ngaphambi kwe-practical completion | Vumelanani ngezigaba zama-snag, isikhathi sokuphendula, nezindinganiso zokwamukela ngokubhaliwe. | Amaminithi asayiniwe kanye nerejista evunyelwe. | Principal agent/engineer + contractor |
| Ngesikhathi se-practical completion | Khipha uhlu lokuqala lwamaphutha olunama-ID nabaphethe. | Uhlu olunedethi, izithombe, indawo, nomnikazi womsebenzi. | Contract administrator |
| Ngesikhathi se-defects period | Sebenzisa umjikelezo wamasonto onke: yabela, lungisa, qinisekisa, sayina. | Irejista ebuyekeziwe, izithombe zangaphambi/nangemuva, amarekhodi okuhlola lapho kudingeka. | Site manager + trade leads |
| Ngaphambi kwesicelo se-final completion | Qinisekisa izinto ezisele futhi uqoqe ifayela elisekelayo. | I-close-out pack ehlanganisiwe nesign-off matrix. | Contractor contracts admin |
| Isigaba se-final completion | Faka isicelo esisemthethweni nobufakazi obuphelele. | Incwadi yesicelo, irejista esayiniwe, izitifiketi, ama-as-built lapho efanele. | Contractor |
| Ngemuva kokunikezana | Landela izinkinga ezibuyayo/ezifihlekile nezibopho ze-warranty. | Umlando wamaphutha nerekhodi lokuxhumana. | Ithimba lokusebenza lomthuthukisi/umqashi |
Uma ithimba lakho lifuna ukuqinisa ukulawulwa kwezentengiselwano kanye nokuvalwa kwamaphutha, funda futhi: umhlahlandlela we-JBCC payment certificate.
Kungani ama-spreadsheet namathuluzi ahlukene ehluleka ekuvaleni amaphutha
Ama-spreadsheet abonakala eshibhile ekuqaleni, kodwa inqubo yamaphutha idinga ukusebenzisana kwabantu abaningi, izinsuku eziqinile, nobufakazi obuningi.
Ukwehluleka kokuqala ukulawulwa kwezinguqulo. Okwesibili ukulandeka kobufakazi. Okwesithathu ukungahlanganiswa ne-retention, ama-payment certificates, kanye nemisebenzi ye-final account.
Indlela engcono ukuphatha amaphutha njenge-workflow yenkontileka:
- Irejista eyodwa ephilayo yamaqembu esiza, enkontileka, neyokuhweba.
- Umnikazi ocacile wento ngayinye, kuhlanganise nomthwalo wosonkontileka abangaphansi.
- Izaziso namalogi okuvala anesitembu sesikhathi ahambisana nenkontileka.
- Ubufakazi bunamathiselwe kwinto uqobo, hhayi kumafolda ahlukene.
- Izikhumbuzi ngaphambi kweminqamulajuqu yezaziso nezokuqeda.
Nasekutheni ukukhokha kuhambisane nobungozi, bheka: ama-progress payment certificates eNingizimu Afrika.
Isibonelo saseSA: ukuphatha amaphutha ku-mixed-use development
Cabanga ngephrojekthi eGauteng enenani lenkontileka lika-R48 million. I-practical completion ifinyelelwa kunamaphutha angu-132. I-contract data ibeka isikhathi sezinsuku ezingama-90.
| Isonto | Izenzo ezibalulekile | Umphumela olindelekile | Umthelela kwezentengiselwano |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1-2 | Qedela i-baseline register, yabela abanikazi, khupha izaziso kubasubcontractor. | Uhlu olulodwa olwamukelwe oluneminqamulajuqu nomthwalo. | Kwehlisa izingxabano ngobubanzi nomthwalo. |
| 3-6 | Umjikelezo wokuqinisekisa masonto onke; nyusa izinto ezisemqoka ezidlule isikhathi. | Ukwehla okucacile kwezinto ezivulekile nobufakazi obuqinile bokuvalwa. | Kuvikela umugqa wesikhathi wesicelo se-final completion. |
| 7-10 | Gxila ekuhlolweni kwezinhlelo, amaphutha aphindaphindayo, nezindawo zamakhasimende. | Izinto eziphinde zivulwe ziyancipha nekhwalithi iyakhula. | Kwehlisa ingozi yokubanjwa kwe-retention. |
| 11-13 | Hlanganisa i-close-out pack bese wenza i-pre-audit ne-principal agent/engineer. | Isicelo se-final completion esingavikeleka. | Kwandisa amathuba okuqhubeka ngesikhathi kwe-final account. |
Ukuze kuthuthukiswe readiness yokunikezana, sebenzisa futhi: uhlu lokuhlola lokunikezana kwephrojekthi yokwakha.
Ubani okufanele aqinise i-defects playbook manje
Amabhizinisi amaningi okwakha eNingizimu Afrika adinga i-playbook ebhaliwe uma amanani ephrojekthi nobunzima bababambiqhaza bukhula.
Abakhi bezindlu nabaqhubi ababhaliswe ku-NHBRC badinga izinqubo eziphindwayo zangemuva kokunikezana.
Osonkontileka bezohwebo badinga ukulawulwa okuqinile kwe-back-to-back kubasubcontractor.
Abathuthukisi nabaphathi bezentuthuko badinga ukubonakala kwezinga lephothifoliyo.
Ama-contract admin nama-QS teams adinga idatha yamaphutha exhunyaniswe nokulawulwa kokukhokha.
Uma isu lenkontileka lisalungiswa, funda futhi: izinhlobo zenkontileka yokwakha eNingizimu Afrika.
Vala amaphutha ngokushesha futhi uvikele imiphumela
Okuyinhloko kulula: isikhathi sokulungisa amaphutha eNingizimu Afrika kufanele siphathwe njengewindi lokuthobela nokulawula ezentengiselwano, hhayi isigaba esixegayo sama-snag. Amaqembu ahlela ubunikazi, izaziso, ubufakazi, nokulawulwa kokuvala avikela ama-timeline e-final completion, anciphise ukungqubuzana kwezinkokhelo, futhi ehlise ingozi yezingxabano.
Ibhalwe ngu
Wakha Team