Ukusuka ku-Excel Ukuya Esofthiweni Yobunjiniyela Bomphakathi

Abathekeli bobunjiniyela bomphakathi abanengi baseSewula Afrika basebenzisa i-order book ye-R100,000,000 efolodeni yeespredshiti ezizwisiswa yi-QS eyodwa kwaphela. Iyasebenza, bese ngelinye ilanga ayisasebenzi. Ukulinganisa kabusha akuhlangani nesitifiketi. Iphepha lamaplanti alinawo amahora weeveke ezintathu. Namkha i-resident engineer ibuza ngeguquko yeenyanga ezibunane ezidlulileko, begodu akunamuntu ongathola inguqulo oyifakileko.

Ikhomba-ndlela le ihlathulula lapho i-Excel ihlulwa khona esayidini lobunjiniyela bomphakathi nendlela yokufudukela esofthiweni yokwakha ngeenyathelo ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa yidatha yakho. Libuye litjengise lokho okufuze ukugcine ku-Excel ngemva kwalokho. Libhalelwe iimenenja zeenvumelwano, ii-QS nabalawuli bamafemu we-CIDB CE izinga 5 ukuya ku-9.

Kubayini Abathekeli Bobunjiniyela Bomphakathi Basasebenzisa I-Excel?

I-Excel yawina emasayidini wobunjiniyela bomphakathi ngombana iyaguquguquka, ayibizi begodu sele ifakiwe, begodu iinsetjenziswa ezinengi bezingakuzwisisi umsebenzi wobunjiniyela bomphakathi. Iinsivumelwano zobunjiniyela bomphakathi zilinganiswa kabusha nge-chainage, zisebenza ngaphasi kwe-GCC namkha ye-NEC begodu ziyazuza namkha zilahlekelwe kumaplanti. Isofthiwe enengi yokwakha beyingakhelwa nanyana yini yalokho, ngalokho iqembu lezehwebo lakha amabhuku walo womsebenzi.

Isofthiwe yokwakha ngokuvamileko yakhelwa iinsivumelwano ze-JBCC nokuchubeka ngamafulo namkha ngeyunithi. Umgwaqo namkha ipayiphi yamanzi amakhulu kunalokho kusebenza ngaphasi kwe-GCC (i-SAICE General Conditions of Contract) namkha ye-NEC.

I-Excel lithuluzi elihle. Umraro kukobana isivumelwano sobunjiniyela bomphakathi esiphilako yirekhodi elihlanganyelwako, eliphenywako begodu elihlala iminyaka. Isipredshiti yifayela lomuntu ngamunye.

I-Excel Ihlulwa Kuphi Esayidini Lobunjiniyela Bomphakathi?

I-Excel ihlulwa ezindaweni ezithandathu ezifanako pheze kizo zoke iinsivumelwano zobunjiniyela bomphakathi: ukulinganisa kabusha, amaplanti nepetroli, iimtifiketi zokukhokhwa, amasayidi amanengi ngesikhathi esisodwa, iinguqulo zamafayela nomsebenzi owenziwa ngaphandle kwe-inthanethi. Ngayinye ibiza imali kunye nesikhathi. Nange uzibona ezintathu namkha ngaphezulu eensivumelwaneni zakho, iinspredshiti zakho zinengozi ephezulu kunalokho okufaneleko.

Lapho ihlulwa khona	Okwenzeka ku-Excel	Lokho okukubizako
Ukulinganisa kabusha nge-chainage	Amanani asebhukwini lomsebenzi elilodwa, i-BOQ elinye, isitifiketi kwelesithathu. Ukuxhumana kuyaphuka nange umuntu afaka imigqa	Amanani angafakelwanga imfuno, namkha iimfuno ezeqileko i-injiniya ezisusako bese ingasathembi
Amaplanti nepetroli	Imibalo yehora-meter neziliphu zepetroli zibhalwa ngeviki ukusuka ephepheni, nange zibhalwa	Ukusetjenziswa ongakghoni ukukufakazela, amanani wokuqasha ngaphakathi angakholwa mumuntu, ukulahlekelwa yipetroli okungabonwa mumuntu
Iimtifiketi ze-GCC ne-NEC	Ukubanjwa kwemali, iimali zangaphambili, iinguquko nokulungiswa kwentengo yesivumelwano kusemafomuleni akhelwe ngesandla	Iseli elilodwa elingakalungi lithwalwa inyanga ngayinye kufikela ukuphenya kulifumane
Amasayidi amanengi ngesikhathi esisodwa	Umphathi wesayidi ngamunye usebenzisa ithempilethi ehlukileko kancani	Abalawuli babona kwaphela bona ngisiphi isivumelwano esilahlekelwa yimali ekupheleni kwenyanga, namkha kamva
Iinguqulo	”Cert 14 FINAL v3 (Thabo edits).xlsx” ethreyini ye-imeyili	Akunamuntu ongafakazela lokho okufakiweko nange iklayenti lombuso libuza ngakho eminyakeni emibili kamva
Ngaphandle kwe-inthanethi nokucinywa kwamandla	Amafayela ahlala elaptopini eyodwa yesayidi begodu athuthwa ngememori stick namkha nge-WhatsApp	Iidayari ezilahlekileko, iinkambiso zesayidi ezingekho, ukufaka kabili nange ihofisi ilinga ukubamba

Isivivinyo sokuphenya. Khetha isitifiketi osifakele umasipala eenyangeni ezili-18 ezidlulileko. Ungakghona ukutjengisa, ngaphasi kwemizuzu elitjhumi, amanani alinganisiweko, iinkambiso zesayidi ezisayinelweko nokuvunywa kweenguquko ngemva komugqa ngamunye? Nange impendulo ixhomeke elaptopini yomuntu oyedwa, amarekhodo wakho angekhe ame lokha abaphenyi beklayenti bafika.

Iinguquko zitlhoga isixwayiso sazo. Ngaphasi kwe-GCC 2025, inkambiso yomlomo akusiyo iodari yeguquko. Iodari etloliweko kwaphela, eqinisekiswe mthekeli, ebalwako. Isaziso semfuno nemfuno enemininingwana nazo zisebenza ngeenkhathi ezihlukileko (bona ikhomba-ndlela lethu leemtifiketi zokukhokhwa ze-GCC 2015 ngokuqhathaniswa ne-GCC 2025). Nange ulahlekelwa lilanga lokugcina, usengozini ye-time bar, okutjho bona ungalahlekelwa lilungelo lokufaka imfuno. Isipredshiti asikuxwayisi. Sitlola kwaphela, sekwephuzile, bona ulahlekelwe lilanga elinye. Eensivumelwaneni ze-NEC, ingozi efanako isebenza esazisweni seemveke ezibunane seenehlakalo zesinxephezelo ze-NEC.

Ukulinganisa yindawo enye ebuthakathaka. Ikhomba-ndlela lethu lokulinganisa kabusha nge-chainage litjengisa indlela yokulandelela inani ngalinye ukufikela ephepheni elisayinelweko, begodu ikhomba-ndlela lethu lenqubo yesitifiketi sokukhokhwa se-GCC libeka umjikelezo wenyanga amanani lawo awondlako.

Ngaphambi Kokufuduka: Yazi Lokho Onakho

Thoma ngokubala ngokwethembeka iinspredshiti zakho, ngombana awukghoni ukufudusa lokho ongakakuhleli. Dwelisa ibhuku lomsebenzi ngalinye eliphilako nomnikazi walo, umnqopho, ukuvama, okufakwako nengozi. Bese uwahlela abe ngamarekhodo wesivumelwano, idatha yokusebenza nokuhlaziya. Kwaphela iingcenye zokuthoma ezimbili ezifanele zifuduke.

Umthekeli wezinga 7 oneensivumelwano ezine eziphilako angaba namafayela aphilako angama-40 namkha ngaphezulu ngokulula.

Yenza ukubala kweveke ezimbili. Ebhukwini lomsebenzi ngalinye elisetjenziswako, tlola:

Umnikazi: ngubani olihlaziyako begodu ngubani othembele kilo.
Umnqopho: ukulinganisa, isitifiketi, amaplanti, umbiko weendleko, i-cash flow, ithenda, i-HSE.
Ukuvama: nsuku zoke, ngeviki, ngenyanga namkha kanye ngesivumelwano.
Okufakwako nokuphumako: lapho idatha ivela khona nalapho iya khona (iklayenti, umlawuli, iphakheji yakho yokubalwa kwemali).
Ingozi: kwenzekani nange alilungi namkha lilahleke iveke.

Bese uhlela irhelo libe ziinqhema ezintathu:

Amarekhodo wesivumelwano: i-BOQ, ukulinganisa, iimtifiketi, iinguquko, iidayari zesayidi.
Idatha yokusebenza: amaplanti, iitimeshithi, iinstolo, ipetroli.
Ukuhlaziya: iimodeli ze-what-if, ukubeka iintengo zethenda, izibikezelo ze-cash flow.

Ufudusa iinqhema ezimbili zokuthoma. Isiqhema sesithathu ngokuvamileko silungile lapho sikhona.

Ufuduka Njani Ukusuka ku-Excel Ukuya Esofthiweni Yobunjiniyela Bomphakathi?

Ukufuduka okuhle kufudusa isivumelwano sinye ngesikhathi, kusebenza kunye isikhathi esifitjhani esimisiweko, begodu kunomnikazi onebizo ongathi hayi. Hlanza idatha yakho yereferensi, uzame isivumelwano sinye, ungenise i-BOQ ebekelwe intengo, wenze umjikelezo wesitifiketi munye namkha emibili ngokuhlangana, bese ufudusa isayidi begodu wandise isivumelwano ngesivumelwano. Iinyathelo ezilikhomba ezingezansi zitjengisa indlela.

Isinyathelo 1: Hlanza idatha yakho yereferensi

Isofthiwe ilunga kwaphela ngokwedatha yereferensi oyifakako, ngalokho yilungise ngaphambi kokungenisa nanyana yini. Vumelana ngerhelo elilodwa lamakhodo weendleko nerejista yamaplanti eyodwa enamanomboro wefleyithi namanani wokuqasha ngaphakathi. Yengeza irhelo elilodwa labathekeli abancani nabaphakeli, namayunithi ajayelekileko wento ngayinye ye-BOQ. Nikela iveke ezimbili ukuya kezine.

Iitimeshithi namarhelo wabaphakeli nawo aphethe imininingwana yomuntu, njengamanomboro we-ID namanomboro wefoni. Ngaphasi kwe-POPIA (i-Protection of Personal Information Act), uhlala unomthwalo wedatha leyo nange umhlinzeki wesofthiwe ayigcinela wena. Iinsigaba 19 ukuya ku-21 ziphathelene neenvikelo zokuphepha nesivumelwano esitloliweko nomhlinzeki loyo. Fudusa kwaphela lokho osakutlhogako.

Isinyathelo 2: Khetha isivumelwano sokulinga esifaneleko

Khetha isivumelwano sokulinga esiliqiniso ngokwaneleko ukufakazela isofthiwe, kodwana esingaqakathekanga kangangokobana iphoso lingalimaza ibhizinisi. Isivumelwano sokulinga esihle ngesisanda kunikelwa namkha esisekotareni yaso yokuthoma. Sine-resident engineer ebambisanako begodu sisebenzisa isimo sesivumelwano osazi kuhle, ngokuvamileko i-GCC 2015 namkha i-GCC 2025. Gwema isivumelwano esisephikiswaneni namkha esiseneenyanga ezimbili ukufikela ku-practical completion.

Isinyathelo 3: Faka i-BOQ nesimo sokuthoma

Ngenisa i-BOQ ebekelwe intengo kunokuyibhala kabutjha, bese ufaka isimo sokuthoma ngelanga lokuqunta elihlanzekileko. Bese ufaka amanani alinganiswe ukufikela namhlanjesi, iimtifiketi ezikhokhiweko, ukubanjwa kwemali okubanjiweko, iinguquko ezivunyiweko neemfuno ezivulekileko. Fanisa isamba sokuthoma nenani lokugcina eliqinisekisiweko, ukufikela erandeni, ngaphambi kokobana uragele phambili.

Isinyathelo 4: Sebenza kunye, nelanga lokuphela

Sebenzisa isipredshiti nesofthiwe kunye emjikelezweni wesitifiketi munye namkha emibili, bese ucima i-Excel. Vumelanani ngomthetho kusese ngaphambili. Nange isitifiketi sesibili sifana ngaphakathi kokubekezelela okuvunyelwene ngakho, i-Excel iba ngeyokufunda kwaphela esivumelwaneni leso.

Isinyathelo 5: Fudusa isayidi, kungasi ihofisi kwaphela

Iguquko iyaqina kwaphela nange iqembu lesayidi lithatha idatha lapho ivela khona, okutjho ukusebenza ngaphandle kwe-inthanethi. Iidayari zansuku zoke, amahora wamaplanti, ukukhishwa kwepetroli, abasebenzi namanani nge-chainage kufanele kufakwe esayidini. Idatha bese iyahlangana nange isiginali ibuyile. Bandula abaphathi besayidi nabatloli bamaplanti kuqala.

Isinyathelo 6: Yandisa isivumelwano ngesivumelwano

Nasele isivumelwano sokulinga senze imijikelezo emibili ehlanzekileko, yandisela kiinsivumelwano ezitjha kuqala neziphilako lokha nange kunekhefu lemvelo. Ungafudusi isivumelwano esiphakathi kwemfuno. Ngendlela le ifemu ejayelekileko yezinga 7 ingafudusa yoke iphothifoliyo yayo eenyangeni ezintathu ukuya kezisithandathu, nesitifiketi ngasinye emjikelezweni waso ojayelekileko.

Isinyathelo 7: Beka ukulawula bese uvala amafayela amadala

Quma ukobana ngubani umnikazi werekhodi ngalinye esistimini esitjha, bese ugcina amabhuku womsebenzi amadala njengokufunda kwaphela. Khetha umnikazi wesistimu, ngokuvamileko i-QS ephezulu namkha imenenja yeenvumelwano. Beka iindima zabasebenzisi bese nivumelana ngokobana ngubani ovuma iinguquko neemtifiketi. Gcina amafayela we-Excel endaweni yinye, nenothi elitjho bona idatha ephilako ikuphi nje.

Ungawasusi amafayela amadala. Amarekhodo wokubalwa kwemali awela ngaphasi kwesigaba 24 se-Companies Act (ngokuvamileko iminyaka elikhomba) nesigaba 29 se-Tax Administration Act (ngokuvamileko iminyaka emihlanu ngemva kwe-return). Buza i-auditor yakho bona ngimaphi amabhuku womsebenzi abalwako.

Usaqinisekisa isivumelwano sobunjiniyela bomphakathi ukusuka emabhukwini womsebenzi amahlanu axhumeneko? I-Sakha igcina i-BOQ yakho, ukulinganisa nokuchubeka, iimtifiketi zokukhokhwa, amarekhodo wamaplanti nedayari yesayidi esebenza ngaphandle kwe-inthanethi esofthiweni eyodwa ye-cloud eyakhelwe abathekeli bobunjiniyela bomphakathi baseSewula Afrika: bona idemo yomkhiqizo.

Ngimuphi Umhlobo Wesofthiwe Okufanele Utjhentjhe I-Excel?

Umhlobo wethuluzi olikhethako uqunta bona kungangani komsebenzi wakho wobunjiniyela bomphakathi okuphuma ku-Excel, begodu iinkhetho ezinengi zihlanganisa ingcenye yawo kwaphela. Ii-app zesayidi ziphatha iithombe neemphoso ezincani, iinsuite ze-desktop ziphatha ukulinganisa iindleko, begodu kwaphela isofthiwe eyakhelwe ubunjiniyela bomphakathi ethwala ukulinganisa kabusha, amaplanti neemtifiketi ze-GCC namkha ze-NEC erekhodweni elilodwa. Linga ikhetho ngalinye esivumelwaneni sakho ngaphambi kokukhetha.

Buza umthengisi ngamunye imibuzo efanako, uyilinge nge-BOQ yakho, bese uqhathanisa iimpendulo ngokutlola.

Lokho okutlhogako	Excel	I-suite ye-desktop yokulinganisa iindleko	I-app evamileko yephrojekthi namkha yesayidi	Isofthiwe ye-cloud eyakhelwe ubunjiniyela bomphakathi
Ukulinganisa kabusha nge-chainage	Ngesandla, kuyaphuka msinya	Ingcenye, ehofisini kwaphela	Ayakhelwanga lokho	Kwakhelwe ngaphakathi
Iimtifiketi ze-GCC ne-NEC	Amafomula akhelwe ngesandla	Ngokuvamileko asese mathempilethi we-Excel	Akunamafomu wesivumelwano wendawo	Kwakhelwe ngaphakathi
Amaplanti, ipetroli namanani wokuqasha	Ngesandla	Kunomkhawulo	Kuyaqabeka	Kwakhelwe ngaphakathi
Ukuthatha idatha esayidini ngaphandle kwe-inthanethi	Amafayela wendawo kwaphela	Kubotjhelwe ku-desktop	Ngokuvamileko	Iye
Abasebenzisi bangaphandle (i-injiniya, iklayenti)	Okunanyathiselwe ku-imeyili	Iinhlalo ezengezelelweko	Ngokuvamileko	Iphothali yeklayenti ne-injiniya
Isikhathi sokuthoma ukusebenza	Sele ifakiwe	Iinveke, nokufakwa	Amalanga	Amalanga

Ii-app zesayidi zinamandla eenthombeni nemphosweni ezincani kodwana azikhiqizi isitifiketi se-GCC. Iinsuite ze-desktop zibeka iintengo kuhle kodwana zitjhiya ukulinganisa kabusha namaplanti eenspredshitini. Isofthiwe yobunjiniyela bomphakathi eyakhelwe iinsivumelwano zaseSewula Afrika ithwala umucu woke erekhodweni elilodwa le-cloud, ukusuka enanini elilinganisiweko, ngeendleko zamaplanti, ukufikela esitifiketini sokukhokhwa. Ikhomba-ndlela lethu lesofthiwe yobunjiniyela bomphakathi eSewula Afrika lihlathulula imibandela yoke yokukhetha.

Irhelo Lokuhlola Lokufuduka

Sebenzisa irhelo leli ukugcina ukufuduka kusendleleni begodu ukumise bona kungajami phakathi. Phawula into ngayinye ngaphambi kokobana udlulele esigabeni esilandelako.

Ukubala kuphelile: ibhuku lomsebenzi ngalinye eliphilako lidwelisiwe nomnikazi, umnqopho nengozi.
Idatha yereferensi ihlanziwe, begodu kufudusiwe kwaphela imininingwana yomuntu oyitlhogako.
Isivumelwano sokulinga sikhethiwe begodu i-resident engineer yaziswe.
I-BOQ ebekelwe intengo ingenisiwe, ayibhalwanga kabutjha, begodu ihlolwe umugqa ngomugqa.
Ukusebenza kunye kukhawulelwe emjikelezweni wesitifiketi munye namkha emibili, nelanga lokuphela elitloliweko.
Iqembu lesayidi libandulwe ekuthatheni idatha ngaphandle kwe-inthanethi nekuhlanganiseni.
Isitifiketi sokuthoma esivela esofthiweni sihloliwe ngokuqhathaniswa namezwi asemthethweni we-GCC namkha we-NEC.
Iindima nokuvuma kubekiwe kweenguquko, iimfuno neemtifiketi.
Amabhuku womsebenzi amadala agcinwe njengokufunda kwaphela, nesikhombisi esiya erekhodweni eliphilako.
Ukukhipha idatha kuhloliwe, bona wazi bona ungakghona ukukhipha amarekhodo wakho.

Kufanele Ugcineni Ku-Excel?

I-Excel isesithuluzi esihle khulu sokuhlaziya kwesikhathi sinye, ngalokho yigcinele ukucabanga bese uyisusa ekugcineni amarekhodo. Gcina iimodeli ze-what-if zethenda, izimo ze-cash flow nama-pivot wedatha ekhitjhiweko. Fudusela nanyana yini omunye umuntu azoyisayina, ayiqinisekise, ayiphenye namkha athembele kiyo esistimini esihlanganyelwako esinomlando wokuphenya (audit trail).

Ukwahlukanisa okuphilileko kubukeka kanje:

Gcina ku-Excel: iimodeli ze-what-if zethenda, izimo zokuthoma ze-cash flow, iimfundo zesikhathi sinye zokukhiqiza, ama-pivot wedatha ekhitjhiweko namanothi womuntu.
Fudusela esofthiweni: i-BOQ nokulinganisa kabusha, iimtifiketi, iinguquko neemfuno, iidayari zesayidi, amahora wamaplanti nepetroli, iitimeshithi zabasebenzi, iinstolo nokuthenga, amarejista we-HSE ne-EMP (environmental management programme).

Umthetho olula: nange omunye umuntu ngaphandle komtloli azosayina, aqinisekise, aphenye namkha athembele erekhodweni, lifanele esistimini esihlanganyelwako esinomlando wokuphenya. Khipha esofthiweni, uhlaziye ku-Excel, ungabuyiseli umphumela emuva njengerekhodi eliyinhloko.

Imibuzo Ebuzwa Khulu

Yini isofthiwe yokwakha yobunjiniyela bomphakathi?

Yisofthiwe ephatha irekhodi lezehwebo nelesayidi lesivumelwano sobunjiniyela bomphakathi. Lokho kuhlanganisa i-BOQ, ukulinganisa kabusha, iimtifiketi zokukhokhwa, iinguquko, amaplanti, abasebenzi needayari zesayidi. Ngokungafani nesipredshiti, igcina irekhodi elilodwa elihlanganyelwako elinomlando wokuphenya. I-QS, isayidi nomlawuli boke basebenza ngamanani afanako.

Singafuduka phakathi kwesivumelwano esiphilako na?

Iye, kodwana khetha ilanga lokuqunta elihlanzekileko, ngokuvamileko msinya ngemva kokobana isitifiketi sikhokhiwe. Faka isimo sokuthoma, usifanise nenani lokugcina eliqinisekisiweko, bese wenza umjikelezo munye wokusebenza kunye. Gwema ukutjhugulula isivumelwano esiphakathi kwemfuno namkha kwephikiswano.

Kuthatha isikhathi esingangani ukufuduka ku-Excel ukuya esofthiweni yobunjiniyela bomphakathi?

Efemini ye-CIDB CE izinga 6 namkha 7, hlela iveke ezimbili ukuya kezine zedatha yereferensi nomjikelezo wesitifiketi munye namkha emibili wesivumelwano sokulinga. Ukufudusa yoke iphothifoliyo bese kuthatha iinyanga ezintathu ukuya kezisithandathu, isivumelwano ngesivumelwano. Ukuhlanza idatha ngokuvamileko kuthatha isikhathi eside kunokulungiselela isofthiwe.

I-Excel isamukelekile na kiimtifiketi ze-GCC?

I-GCC ayiliqunti ithuluzi. Ingozi isebufakazini. Ukubanjwa kwemali, iinguquko neemfuno ezisabalele emabhukwini womsebenzi amanengi kubudisi ukukufakazela ngesikhathi sokuphenya. Nanyana ngiliphi ithuluzi olisebenzisako, hlola ilojiki yesitifiketi sakho ngokuqhathaniswa namezwi asemthethweni agadangiswe yi-SAICE.

Umucu Wamambala

Ukutjhiya i-Excel kutjho ukuguqula amafayela womuntu ngamunye abe yirekhodi lesivumelwano elihlanganyelwako. Irekhodi leli kufanele liphile ekuphenyweni, ekutjhugululweni kwabasebenzi nephikiswaneni. Thoma ngokubala bese uhlanza idatha yakho yereferensi. Linga isivumelwano sinye nokuphela okuqinileko kokusebenza kunye, bese wenza isayidi lithathe idatha lapho ivela khona. Gcina i-Excel yokucabanga nokwenza iimodeli. Fudusela esistimini sinye koke okusayinwako, okuqinisekiswako namkha okuphenywako. Amafemu enza lokhu msinya ayabona bona ngiziphi iinsivumelwano ezenza imali.

Iinkhomba-ndlela ezihlangene: