Kusukela ku-Excel kuya ku-Software ye-Civil: Umhlahlandlela

Osonkontileka abaningi be-civil baseNingizimu Afrika baqhuba incwadi yama-oda ka-R100,000,000 efolda yama-spreadsheet aqondwa yi-QS eyodwa kuphela. Kuyasebenza kuze kungasebenzi. Ukukala kabusha akuhambisani nesitifiketi. Iphepha lemishini liphuthelwa amasonto amathathu amahora. Noma unjiniyela ohlala esayithini ubuza ngoshintsho lwezinyanga eziyisishiyagalombili ezedlule, futhi akekho ongathola inguqulo oyithumele.

Lo mhlahlandlela uchaza lapho i-Excel ihluleka khona esayithini le-civil nokuthi ungathuthela kanjani ku-software yokwakha isinyathelo ngesinyathelo ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa yidatha yakho. Ubuye uhlanganise lokho okufanele ukugcine ku-Excel ngemva kwalokho. Ubhalelwe abaphathi bezinkontileka, ama-QS nabaqondisi emafemini e-CIDB CE ibanga 5 kuya ku-9.

Kungani Osonkontileka be-Civil Basasebenzisa i-Excel?

I-Excel yawina emasayithini e-civil ngoba yayiguquguquka, ishibhile futhi isivele ifakiwe, futhi iningi lezinye izindlela lalingawuqondi umsebenzi we-civil. Izinkontileka ze-civil zikalwa kabusha nge-chainage, zisebenza nge-GCC noma i-NEC futhi zenza noma zilahlekelwe yimali ngemishini. Iningi le-software yezakhiwo aliklanyelwanga lutho kulokhu, ngakho ithimba lezentengiselwano lazakhela awalo ama-workbook.

I-software yezakhiwo ivamise ukuklanywa ngokwezinkontileka ze-JBCC nenqubekelaphambili ngesitezi noma ngeyunithi. Umgwaqo noma ipayipi elikhulu lamanzi kusebenza nge-GCC (i-General Conditions of Contract ye-SAICE) noma i-NEC esikhundleni salokho.

I-Excel iyithuluzi elihle. Inkinga ukuthi inkontileka ye-civil esaqhubeka iyirekhodi elabelwanayo nelicwaningwayo elihlala iminyaka. I-spreadsheet iyifayela lomuntu siqu.

I-Excel Ihluleka Kuphi Esayithini le-Civil?

I-Excel ihluleka ezindaweni eziyisithupha ezifanayo cishe kuyo yonke inkontileka ye-civil: ukukala kabusha, imishini nodizili, izitifiketi zokukhokha, amasayithi amaningi ngesikhathi esisodwa, izinguqulo zamafayela nomsebenzi offline. Ngayinye ibiza imali kanye nesikhathi. Uma uzibona ezintathu noma ngaphezulu ezinkontilekeni zakho, ama-spreadsheet akho athwele ingozi enkulu kunokufanele.

Lapho ihluleka khona	Okwenzekayo ku-Excel	Okukubizayo
Ukukala kabusha nge-chainage	Amanani asewu-workbook elilodwa, i-BOQ kwelinye, isitifiketi kwelesithathu. Izixhumanisi ziyaphuka uma umuntu efaka imigqa	Amanani afunwe ngaphansi, noma izimangalo ezeqile unjiniyela azinqamulayo bese engasathembi
Imishini nodizili	Ukufundwa kwamamitha amahora namaslip kadizili kuthayishwa ngesonto kusuka ephepheni, uma kwenziwa	Ukusetshenziswa ongakwazi ukukufakazela, amanani okuqasha angaphakathi okungekho okholwayo, ukulahleka kukadizili okungabonwa muntu
Izitifiketi ze-GCC ne-NEC	Imali egodliwe, imali ekhokhwa kusengaphambili (advances), izinguquko nokulungiswa kwentengo yenkontileka kukumafomula akhiwe ngesandla	Iseli elilodwa elingalungile lidluliselwa nyanga zonke kuze kube yilapho ukucwaninga kulithola
Amasayithi amaningi ngesikhathi esisodwa	Umphathi wesayithi ngamunye usebenzisa isifanekiso esehluke kancane	Abaqondisi babona kuphela ukuthi iyiphi inkontileka elahlekelwa yimali ekupheleni kwenyanga, noma kamuva
Izinguqulo	”Cert 14 FINAL v3 (Thabo edits).xlsx” ochungechungeni lwama-imeyili	Akekho ongafakazela okwathunyelwa uma ikhasimende likahulumeni libuza eminyakeni emibili kamuva
Offline nokucishwa kukagesi	Amafayela asele-laptop eyodwa yesayithi futhi ahamba nge-memory stick noma nge-WhatsApp	Amadayari alahlekile, imiyalelo yesayithi engekho, ukufaka kabili uma ihhovisi libamba

Isivivinyo sokucwaninga. Khetha isitifiketi owasithumela kumasipala ezinyangeni eziyi-18 ezedlule. Ungakwazi yini ukukhombisa, ngaphansi kwemizuzu eyishumi, amanani akaliwe, imiyalelo yesayithi esayiniwe nokuvunywa kwezinguquko ngemuva komugqa ngamunye? Uma impendulo incike ku-laptop yomuntu oyedwa, amarekhodi akho ngeke amelane lapho abacwaningi bekhasimende befika.

Izinguquko zidinga isixwayiso sazo. Ngaphansi kwe-GCC 2025, umyalelo womlomo akuyona i-variation order. Kubalwa kuphela umyalelo obhaliwe, oqinisekiswe ngusonkontileka. Isaziso sesimangalo nesimangalo esinemininingwane nakho kunezikhathi ezihlukene (bheka umhlahlandlela wethu we-GCC 2015 uma iqhathaniswa ne-GCC 2025 ezitifiketini zokukhokha). Uma uphuthelwa wusuku lokugcina usengozini ye-time bar, okusho ukuthi ungalahlekelwa yilungelo lokufuna. I-spreadsheet ayikuxwayisi. Irekhoda nje, sekwephuzile, ukuthi uphuthelwe. Ezinkontilekeni ze-NEC, ingozi efanayo isebenza esazisweni samasonto ayisishiyagalombili sama-compensation event e-NEC.

Ukukala kungelinye iphuzu elibuthakathaka. Umhlahlandlela wethu wokukala kabusha nge-chainage ukhombisa indlela yokulandelela yonke inani kuya ephepheni elisayiniwe, futhi umhlahlandlela wethu wenqubo yesitifiketi sokukhokha se-GCC uchaza umjikelezo wanyanga zonke owondliwa yilawo manani.

Ngaphambi Kokuthutha: Yazi Okunakho

Qala ngohlu oluthembekile lwama-spreadsheet akho, ngoba awukwazi ukuthutha into ongayenzanga imephu. Bhala wonke ama-workbook asebenzayo nomnikazi wawo, inhloso, ukuphindaphindwa, okufakwayo nengozi. Bese uwahlukanisa abe ngamarekhodi enkontileka, idatha yokusebenza nokuhlaziya. Amaqembu amabili okuqala kuphela adinga ukuthuthwa.

Usonkontileka webanga 7 onezinkontileka ezine ezisebenzayo angaba namafayela asebenzayo angama-40 noma ngaphezulu kalula.

Yenza uhlu lwamasonto amabili. Kuwo wonke ama-workbook asetshenziswayo, rekhoda:

Umnikazi: ubani oyibuyekezayo nokuthi ubani othembele kuyo.
Inhloso: ukukala, isitifiketi, imishini, umbiko wezindleko, ukuhamba kwemali, ithenda, i-HSE.
Ukuphindaphindwa: nsuku zonke, ngesonto, ngenyanga noma kanye ngenkontileka.
Okufakwayo nokuphumayo: lapho idatha ivela khona nalapho iya khona (ikhasimende, umqondisi, iphakheji yakho yokubalwa kwezimali).
Ingozi: kwenzekani uma ingalungile noma ilahleka isonto.

Bese uhlela uhlu lube ngamaqembu amathathu:

Amarekhodi enkontileka: i-BOQ, ukukala, izitifiketi, izinguquko, amadayari esayithi.
Idatha yokusebenza: imishini, ama-timesheet, izitolo, udizili.
Ukuhlaziya: amamodeli e-what-if, amanani amathenda, ukuqagela ukuhamba kwemali.

Uthutha amaqembu amabili okuqala. Iqembu lesithathu livame ukulunga lapho likhona.

Uthutha Kanjani Kusukela ku-Excel kuya ku-Software ye-Civil?

Ukuthutha okuhle kuhambisa inkontileka eyodwa ngesikhathi, kuqhuba ngokuhambisana isikhathi esifushane esinqunyiwe, futhi kunomnikazi oqanjwe ngegama ongathi cha. Hlanza idatha yakho yereferensi, zama inkontileka eyodwa, ngenisa i-BOQ enamanani, qhuba umjikelezo owodwa noma emibili wesitifiketi eceleni, bese uthutha isayithi futhi usabalalise inkontileka ngenkontileka. Lezi zinyathelo eziyisikhombisa ezingezansi zikhombisa indlela.

Isinyathelo 1: Hlanza idatha yakho yereferensi

I-software inhle kuphela njengedatha yereferensi oyilayishayo, ngakho yilungise ngaphambi kokuthi ungenise noma yini. Vumelanani ngohlu olulodwa lwamakhodi ezindleko nerejista eyodwa yemishini enezinombolo zezimoto namanani okuqasha angaphakathi. Yengeza uhlu olulodwa losonkontileka abangaphansi nabaphakeli, namayunithi ajwayelekile ento ngayinye ye-BOQ. Nikeza amasonto amabili kuya kwamane.

Ama-timesheet nohlu lwabaphakeli nakho kunolwazi lomuntu siqu, njengezinombolo ze-ID nezinombolo zocingo. Ngaphansi kwe-POPIA (i-Protection of Personal Information Act), uhlala unesibopho saleyo datha uma umhlinzeki we-software ekugcinela yona. Izigaba 19 kuya ku-21 zibhekana nezivikelo zokuphepha nenkontileka ebhaliwe nalowo mhlinzeki. Thutha kuphela okusadingayo.

Isinyathelo 2: Khetha inkontileka efanele yokuzama

Khetha ukuzama okwanele ukufakazela i-software, kodwa okungabalulekile kangangokuthi iphutha lilimaze ibhizinisi. Ukuzama okuhle kakhulu yinkontileka esanda kuklonyeliswa noma esekhwatheni yayo yokuqala. Inonjiniyela ohlala esayithini obambisanayo futhi isebenzisa ifomu lenkontileka olaziyo kahle, ngokuvamile i-GCC 2015 noma i-GCC 2025. Gwema inkontileka esengxabanweni noma esele izinyanga ezimbili kuya ekuqedweni okusebenzayo (practical completion).

Isinyathelo 3: Layisha i-BOQ nesimo sokuqala

Ngenisa i-BOQ enamanani esikhundleni sokuyithayipha kabusha, bese ulayisha isimo sokuqala ngosuku olucacile lokunqamula. Bese ulayisha amanani akaliwe kuze kube manje, izitifiketi ezikhokhiwe, imali egodliwe, izinguquko ezivunyiwe nezimangalo ezivulekile. Hambisanisa isamba sokuqala nenani lokugcina eliqinisekisiwe, kuze kufike ku-rand, ngaphambi kokuqhubeka.

Isinyathelo 4: Qhuba ngokuhambisana, nosuku lokugcina

Qhuba i-spreadsheet ne-software eceleni umjikelezo owodwa noma emibili wesitifiketi, bese uvala i-Excel. Vumelanani ngomthetho kusengaphambili. Uma isitifiketi sesibili sihambisana ngaphakathi komkhawulo wokubekezelela ovunyelwene ngawo, i-Excel iba ngeyokufunda kuphela kuleyo nkontileka.

Isinyathelo 5: Thutha isayithi, hhayi ihhovisi kuphela

Ushintsho luqina kuphela uma ithimba lesayithi libhala idatha emthonjeni, okusho ukusebenza offline. Amadayari ansuku zonke, amahora emishini, ukukhishwa kukadizili, abasebenzi namanani nge-chainage kufanele kufakwe esayithini. Idatha ibe isivumelaniswa uma isiginali ibuya. Qeqesha ofolomane nabaphathi bamarekhodi emishini kuqala.

Isinyathelo 6: Sabalalisa inkontileka ngenkontileka

Lapho ukuzama sekuqhube imijikelezo emibili ehlanzekile, sabalalisa ezinkontilekeni ezintsha kuqala nakwezikhona ekhefini elivamile. Ungathuthi inkontileka ephakathi nesimangalo. Ngale ndlela ifemu evamile yebanga 7 ingathutha yonke iphothifoliyo yayo ezinyangeni ezintathu kuya kweziyisithupha, sonke isitifiketi sisemjikelezweni waso ojwayelekile.

Isinyathelo 7: Beka ukuphatha bese ukhiya amafayela amadala

Nquma ukuthi ubani umnikazi werekhodi ngalinye ohlelweni olusha, bese ugcina ama-workbook amadala njengawokufunda kuphela. Qamba umnikazi wohlelo, ngokuvamile i-QS ephezulu noma umphathi wezinkontileka. Beka izindima zabasebenzisi futhi nivumelane ngokuthi ubani ovuma izinguquko nezitifiketi. Gcina amafayela e-Excel endaweni eyodwa, nenothi lokuthi idatha esebenzayo isikuphi manje.

Ungawasusi amafayela amadala. Amarekhodi okubalwa kwezimali angaphansi kwesigaba 24 se-Companies Act (ngokuvamile iminyaka eyisikhombisa) nesigaba 29 se-Tax Administration Act (ngokuvamile iminyaka emihlanu ngemva kwe-return). Buza umcwaningi wakho ukuthi yimaphi ama-workbook abalwayo.

Usaqinisekisa inkontileka ye-civil kusukela kuma-workbook amahlanu axhunyiwe? I-Sakha igcina i-BOQ yakho, ukukala nenqubekelaphambili, izitifiketi zokukhokha, amarekhodi emishini nedayari yesayithi esebenza offline ku-software eyodwa ye-cloud eyakhelwe osonkontileka be-civil baseNingizimu Afrika: bona idemo yomkhiqizo.

Iluphi Uhlobo Lwe-software Okufanele Luthathe Indawo Ye-Excel?

Uhlobo lwethuluzi olukhethayo lunquma ukuthi ingakanani ingxenye yomsebenzi wakho we-civil ephuma ku-Excel, futhi iningi lezinketho lihlanganisa ingxenye yawo kuphela. Ama-app esayithi aphatha izithombe nama-snag, ama-suite e-desktop aphatha ukulinganisa, futhi yi-software eqondene ne-civil kuphela ephatha ukukala kabusha, imishini nezitifiketi ze-GCC noma ze-NEC kurekhodi elilodwa. Hlola inketho ngayinye enkontilekeni yakho ngaphambi kokukhetha.

Buza bonke abathengisi imibuzo efanayo, uyihlole ku-BOQ yakho, bese uqhathanisa izimpendulo ngokubhaliwe.

Okudingayo	Excel	I-suite yokulinganisa ye-desktop	I-app yephrojekthi noma yesayithi ejwayelekile	I-software ye-cloud eqondene ne-civil
Ukukala kabusha nge-chainage	Ngesandla, kuyaphuka	Ingxenye, ehhovisi kuphela	Ayakhelwanga lokho	Kwakhelwe ngaphakathi
Izitifiketi ze-GCC ne-NEC	Amafomula akhiwe ngesandla	Kuvame ukuba yizifanekiso ze-Excel	Awekho amafomu enkontileka endawo	Kwakhelwe ngaphakathi
Imishini, udizili namanani okuqasha	Ngesandla	Kulinganiselwe	Akuvamile	Kwakhelwe ngaphakathi
Ukuqoqa esayithini offline	Amafayela endawo kuphela	Iboshelwe ku-desktop	Ngokuvamile	Yebo
Abasebenzisi bangaphandle (unjiniyela, ikhasimende)	Okunamathiselwe ku-imeyili	Izihlalo ezengeziwe	Ngokuvamile	I-portal yekhasimende neyonjiniyela
Isikhathi sokuqala	Isivele ifakiwe	Amasonto, nokufakwa	Izinsuku	Izinsuku

Ama-app esayithi aqinile ezithombeni nakuma-snag kodwa awenzi isitifiketi se-GCC. Ama-suite e-desktop abeka amanani kahle kodwa ashiya ukukala kabusha nemishini kuma-spreadsheet. I-software yokwakha kwe-civil eyakhelwe izinkontileka zaseNingizimu Afrika iphatha yonke intambo kurekhodi elilodwa le-cloud, kusukela enanini elikaliwe ngezindleko zemishini kuya esitifiketini sokukhokha. Umhlahlandlela wethu we-software yobunjiniyela bomphakathi eNingizimu Afrika uhlanganisa yonke imibandela yokukhetha.

Isihlu Sokuhlola Ukuthutha

Sebenzisa lesi sihlu sokuhlola ukuze ukuthutha kuhlale kusendleleni futhi kungami phakathi. Maka into ngayinye ngaphambi kokuya esigabeni esilandelayo.

Uhlu luqediwe: wonke ama-workbook asebenzayo abhalwe nomnikazi, inhloso nengozi.
Idatha yereferensi ihlanziwe, futhi kuthuthwe kuphela ulwazi lomuntu siqu oludingayo.
Inkontileka yokuzama ikhethiwe futhi unjiniyela ohlala esayithini wazisiwe.
I-BOQ enamanani ingenisiwe, ayithayishwanga kabusha, futhi ihlolwe umugqa ngomugqa.
Ukuqhuba ngokuhambisana kulinganiselwe kumjikelezo owodwa noma emibili wesitifiketi, nosuku lokuphela olubhaliwe.
Ithimba lesayithi liqeqeshiwe ekuqoqeni offline nasekuvumelaniseni.
Isitifiketi sokuqala esivela ku-software sihlolwe ngokumelene namagama asemthethweni e-GCC noma e-NEC.
Izindima nokuvunywa kubekiwe ezinguqukweni, ezimangalweni nasezitifiketini.
Ama-workbook amadala agcinwe njengawokufunda kuphela, nesikhombisi esiya kurekhodi elisebenzayo.
Ukukhishwa kwedatha kuhloliwe, ukuze wazi ukuthi ungawakhipha amarekhodi akho.

Yini Okufanele Uyigcine ku-Excel?

I-Excel isengcono kakhulu ekuhlaziyeni kwesikhathi esisodwa, ngakho yigcinele ukucabanga bese uyikhipha ekugcineni amarekhodi. Gcina amamodeli e-what-if amathenda, izimo zokuhamba kwemali nama-pivot kudatha ekhishiwe. Thutha noma yini ezosayinwa, iqinisekiswe, icwaningwe noma kuthenjelwe kuyo ngomunye umuntu ohlelweni olwabelwanayo olunomkhondo wokucwaninga.

Ukwahlukanisa okunempilo kubukeka kanje:

Gcina ku-Excel: amamodeli e-what-if amathenda, izimo zokuqala zokuhamba kwemali, izifundo zomkhiqizo zesikhathi esisodwa, ama-pivot kudatha ekhishiwe namanothi omuntu siqu.
Thuthela ku-software: i-BOQ nokukala kabusha, izitifiketi, izinguquko nezimangalo, amadayari esayithi, amahora emishini nodizili, ama-timesheet abasebenzi, izitolo nokuthenga, amarejista e-HSE ne-EMP (uhlelo lokuphathwa kwemvelo).

Umthetho olula: uma umuntu ongesiye umbhali ezosayina, aqinisekise, acwaninge noma athembele kurekhodi, lifanele ohlelweni olwabelwanayo olunomkhondo wokucwaninga. Khipha ku-software, hlaziya ku-Excel, futhi ungalokothi unamathisele umphumela emuva njengowona oyinhloko.

Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa

Iyini i-software yokwakha kwe-civil?

Iyi-software eqhuba irekhodi lezentengiselwano nelesayithi lenkontileka ye-civil. Lokho kuhlanganisa i-BOQ, ukukala kabusha, izitifiketi zokukhokha, izinguquko, imishini, abasebenzi namadayari esayithi. Ngokungafani ne-spreadsheet, igcina irekhodi elilodwa elabelwanayo elinomkhondo wokucwaninga. I-QS, isayithi nomqondisi bonke basebenza ngezinombolo ezifanayo.

Singathutha phakathi nenkontileka esaqhubeka?

Yebo, kodwa khetha usuku lokunqamula olucacile, ngokuvamile ngokushesha ngemva kokukhokhwa kwesitifiketi. Layisha isimo sokuqala, usihambisanise nenani lokugcina eliqinisekisiwe, bese uqhuba umjikelezo owodwa ngokuhambisana. Gwema ukushintsha inkontileka ephakathi nesimangalo noma nengxabano.

Kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani ukuthutha kusukela ku-Excel kuya ku-software ye-civil?

Efemini ye-CIDB CE ibanga 6 noma 7, hlela amasonto amabili kuya kwamane edatha yereferensi nomjikelezo owodwa noma emibili wesitifiketi wokuzama. Ukuthutha yonke iphothifoliyo bese kuthatha izinyanga ezintathu kuya kweziyisithupha, inkontileka ngenkontileka. Ukuhlanzwa kwedatha kuvame ukuthatha isikhathi eside kunokusethwa kwe-software.

Ingabe i-Excel isamukeleka ezitifiketini ze-GCC?

I-GCC ayilibeki ithuluzi. Ingozi isebufakazini. Imali egodliwe, izinguquko nezimangalo ezisakazeke kuma-workbook amaningi kunzima ukukufakazela ngaphansi kokucwaninga. Noma ngabe usebenzisa liphi ithuluzi, hlola umqondo wesitifiketi sakho ngokumelene namagama asemthethweni ashicilelwe yi-SAICE.

Isiphetho

Ukushiya i-Excel kusho ukuguqula amafayela omuntu siqu abe yirekhodi lenkontileka elabelwanayo. Lelo rekhodi kufanele lisinde ocwaningweni, ekushintsheni kwabasebenzi nasengxabanweni. Qala ngohlu bese uhlanza idatha yakho yereferensi. Zama inkontileka eyodwa enesiphetho esiqinile sokuqhuba ngokuhambisana, bese wenza isayithi libhale idatha emthonjeni. Gcina i-Excel yokucabanga nokwenza amamodeli. Thutha konke okusayinwayo, okuqinisekiswayo noma okucwaningwayo ohlelweni olulodwa. Amafemu enza lokhu abona ngokushesha ukuthi yiziphi izinkontileka ezenza imali.

Imihlahlandlela ehlobene: