Liphothali Lebatsengi Labakhi Betindlu: Phatsa Kukhetsa Kahle

Tingcoco letinyenti telilanga le-snag (kuhlolwa kwekunikwa kwendlu) ticala tinyanga ngaphambili. Umtsengi ukhetsa ithayela nge-WhatsApp, futsi kute umuntfu lobhala phansi linani. Batsengi bemabhizinisi e-off-plan ne-plot-and-plan bafuna kukhetsa. Labanyenti batawukhokhela kutfutfukisa kwe-spec lejwayelekile. Nawukuphatsa kahle, kwengeta inzuzo. Nawungakuphatsi kahle, kuvuza sikhatsi, imali nekwetsembana.

Lomhlahlandlela uchaza kutsi umakhi wetindlu nobe umtfutfukisi we-estate waseNingizimu Afrika angayisungula njani inchubo yekukhetsa kwebatsengi neliphothali lebatsengi. Uhlanganisa luhlu lwekukhetsa, emalanga ekugcina, kushintja kwebatsengi, kubika ngenchubeko, imibhalo, netingibe letiletsa tingcoco ngesikhatsi sekunikwa.

Loko Liphothali Lebatsengi Lelikwentela Umakhi Wetindlu

Liphothali lebatsengi yindzawo yinye lapho umtsengi ngamunye abona indlu yakhe, kukhetsa, emalanga ekugcina nenchubeko. Licembu lakho liyekela kuphendvula imibuto lefanako ngelucingo. Kungaba yincenye ye-software nobe lifolda lelabelwanako lelilondvolotwe kahle ngendlu ngayinye. Lokubalulekile ngumtsetfo: umrekhodi munye ngendlu ngayinye, futsi umtsengi ubona umrekhodi licembu lakho lelisebenta ngawo.

Kumakhi wetindlu lotsengisako futsi akhe ngesikhatsi sinye, liphothali lenta imisebenti lemine:

Kukhetsa. Umtsengi ubona i-spec lejwayelekile, kukhetsa lokunemanani, kanye naloko lakukhetsile futsi wakusayina.
Emalanga ekugcina. Kukhetsa ngakunye kunelilanga lekugcina lelihlobene neluhlelo lwekwakha.
Inchubeko. Kubika lokunelilanga ngendlu ngayinye, kahle kakhulu ngetitfombe tesitandi.
Imibhalo. Sivumelwano sekutsengisa, tengeto, tinhlelo letivunyiwe, kubhaliswa ku-NHBRC, titifiketi kanye nephakethe lekunikwa.

Liphothali lebatsengi liphindze libambe timfuno temuntfu, njengemagama, tinombolo te-ID nemininingwane yekuxhumana. Sigaba 19 se-Protection of Personal Information Act (POPIA) sidzinga kutsi ugcine lemininingwane ivikelekile. Ekusebentiseni, umtsengi ngamunye kufanele abone indlu yakhe kuphela, futsi kungena kwebasebenti kufanele kuhambisane nemsebenti wabo.

Ku-estate lenkhulu nobe kuliskimu le-sectional title, bunyenti buyinkinga. Batsengi labangu-40 ngamunye abuta kutsi “indlu yami itawuphela nini?” emaviki lamabili onkhe bangatsatsa emahora lamanyenti esikhatsi sebasebenti ngeliviki. Nangabe ukhetsa i-software yawo wonkhe umsebenti, umhlahlandlela wetfu we-software yabakhi betindlu eNingizimu Afrika uhlanganisa luhlu lwekutsenga. Lesihloko sihlala enchubweni.

Yakha Luhlu Lwekukhetsa Batsengi Labangakhetsa Kulo

Cala ngeluhlu lolungashintji lunemanani langashintji nge-Rand, futsi ugcine ticelo tekutentela tincane. Luhlu luphendula ticelo tekutentela tibe tintfo letiphindzaphindvwako lenikwe linani lelatiwako.

Luhlu lolusebentako lunetigaba letintsatfu:

I-spec lejwayelekile. Loko linani lekutsengisa lelikufakako. Cacisa: luhlobo nobe lilayini, kukhetsa kwemibala, bunyenti. “Emathayela kuyo yonkhe indzawo” kumema imphikiswano. “I-porcelain 600 x 600, kukhetsa kwemibala lemitsatfu, tindzawo tekuhlala netindzawo temanti” akumemi.
Kukhetsa lokunemanani. Kutfutfukisa lokuvamile ngelinani lelingashintji ngeluhlobo lwendlu, kufaka i-VAT nenzuzo yakho yekuphatsa.
Kushintja kwesakhiwo nobe kwekuhlelwa. Kubekwa linani ngalinye ngalinye, ngemali ye-architect nekubuyeketa luhlelo. Vumela kuphela ngaphambi kwekutsi tinhlelo tendlu tiye kumasipala.

Sibonelo sendlu lenemakamelo ekulala lamatsatfu ku-estate yaseGauteng. Emanani akho atawehluka.

Sigaba sekukhetsa	Sibonelo sentfo	Sibonelo selinani (ZAR, kufaka i-VAT)	Kufaka
Phansi	Kushintja emakamelo ekulala kusuka kukhaphethi kuya ku-laminate	R18,000 kuya ku-R28,000	Tintfo, umsebenti, i-skirting
Ikhishi	Etulu kwematje esikhundleni se-post-formed	R25,000 kuya ku-R45,000	I-template, kuniketa, kufaka
Ugesi	Emasokhethi lambili lengetiwe (ngalinye)	R850 kuya ku-R1,400	Lisokhethi, tintsambo, kufakiwe ku-CoC yegesi
Tindlu tekugeza	Umnyango we-shawa longenalozimeme	R9,000 kuya ku-R15,000	Kuniketa nekufaka
Emandla	I-DB lelungele i-solar netintsambo te-inverter	R12,000 kuya ku-R22,000	Tintsambo kuphela, akukho emaphaneli
Kuhlelwa	Kuphendula likamelo lekufundza libe likamelo lekulala lesine	Linani ngeluhlelo	Imali ye-architect, kubuyeketa luhlelo, imali yekuphatsa

Beka linani lako konkhe kukhetsa nemali yakho yekuphatsa ifakiwe. Bakhi babeka linani letintfo nemsebenti. Bakhohlwa emahora lasetjentiswa ekulinganiseni, ekuvuselelweni kwetinhlelo nasekuchazeleni sitandi. Imali yekuphatsa lengashintji ngekushintja ngakunye ikhokhela leto tindleko futsi ivimbela kushintja lokuncane lokungasho lutfo.

Khiya emanani eluhlu sikhatsi lesishiwo, sibonelo kuze kube kukhishwa kwekugcina kwekutsengisa kwesigaba. Luhlu lolungenalo lilanga lekuphela luphenduka inkinga yenzuzo esigabeni sesibili.

Hlobanisa Emalanga Ekugcina Ekukhetsa Neluhlelo

Kukhetsa ngakunye kudzinga lilanga lekugcina lelibekwe luhlelo lwekwakha. Umtsengi kufanele alibone ngelilanga lasayina ngalo. Kukhetsa lokwephuzile kusizatfu lesivamile sekutsi indlu isale emuva kwaletiseceleni kwayo ku-estate. Indlu yinye lelindze kukhetsa kwelikhishi ibambezela lofaka emakhabethe.

Sebenta ubuyela emuva kusukela esigabeni lapho intfo ngayinye yakhelwa khona nobe i-odwa. Bese wengeta sikhatsi lesitsatfwa bahlinzeki.

Sigaba sekukhetsa	Lilanga lekugcina	Sigaba seluhlelo lesisivikelako	Kungani kubalulekile
Kushintja kwekuhlelwa nekwesakhiwo	Ngaphambi kwekungeniswa kweluhlelo	Kuvunywa kukamasipala nekubhaliswa ku-NHBRC	Kushintja ngemuva kwekuvunywa kusho kuchibiyela tinhlelo nekubambeka
Emaphoyinti egesi nemapayipi	Ngaphambi kwekutsi titini tifike ku-wall plate	Kugubha tindonga ne-first fix	Kushintja emaphoyinti ngemuva kwe-plaster kusho kugubha tindonga letiphelile
Emafasitelo neminyango	Ngaphambi kwe-slab nobe titini tekucala	Ku-oda emafreyimu	Emafreyimu ensimbi ne-aluminium atsatsa sikhatsi lesidze kufika
Ikhishi nemsebenti wekhuni	Ngaphambi kwekuphela kweluphahla	Kulinganisa nekwenta	Labenta emakhabethe badzinga emaviki la-4 kuya ku-6
Emathayela naphansi	Ngaphambi kwema-screed	Ku-oda nekubeka	Kukhetsa lokwephuzile kushaywa kungabikhona kwesitoko
Imibala yepende, tintfo tendlu yangasese, tintfo temnyango	Ngaphambi kwe-second fix	Kucedzela	Tintfo tekugcina, kodvwa tisadzinga sikhatsi seku-oda

Imitsetfo lemibili yenta emalanga ekugcina asebente. Kucala, faka emalanga esivumelwaneni sekutsengisa nobe esengetweni sekukhetsa. Chaza loko lokwentekako nangabe umtsengi edlula lilanga: kusebenta i-spec lejwayelekile. Loku kubhale ngelulwimi lolulula, njengoba i-Consumer Protection Act isidzinga ngetivumelwano tebatsengi. Kwesibili, tfumela tikhumbuto emalanga langu-14 nemalanga la-3 ngaphambi kwelilanga ngalinye lekugcina.

Kumabhizinisi e-plot-and-plan, luhlelo luphindze lulawule tinkhokhelo telibhange tenchubeko. Libhange likhokha imali yekwakha ngetigaba, ngemuva kwekutsi umhloli walo ahlole sigaba ngasinye. Indlu lelindze kukhetsa kwethayela ingeke ifike esigabeni lesilandzelako, ngako inkhokhelo lelandzelako nayo iyalinda. Loko kuhlobanisa kukhetsa ngco nemali lengenako, njengoba umhlahlandlela wetfu wetimali tekutfutfukisa tindlu tekuhlala uchaza.

Usalandzelela kukhetsa kwebatsengi nge-WhatsApp nema-spreadsheet? Wakha ilandzelela kukhetsa kwendlu ngayinye, kuvunywa kwemtsengi nekushintja kwemiyalo ngokuhambisana neluhlelo lwakho lwe-Gantt, futsi ikhombisa batsengi inchubeko kuliphothali lebatsengi: bona umbukiso we-software.

Beka Linani Futsi Uvume Kushintja Kwebatsengi Ngaphambi Kwekutsi Umsebenti Ucale

Akukho kushintja kwemtsengi lokwakhiwako kuze kube kubekwe linani ngekubhala futsi kusayinwe ngumtsengi. Kufanele futsi kukhokhelwe, nobe kwengetwe ngalokusemtsetfweni enanini lekutsenga. Umphatsi wesitandi uyavuma “kuhambisa nje lelo sokhethi”. Ngemuva kwetinyanga letintsatfu kute umrekhodi, kute inkhokhelo, futsi futsi kute lutfo lolugcinwe ngemsebenti wegesi.

Hambisa kushintja ngakunye kwemtsengi ngetinyatselo letifanako:

Sicelo. Umtsengi ucela ngendlela yinye kuphela, hhayi ku-foreman ekuvakasheni kwangeMgcibelo.
Kulinganisa. Licembu lakho libeka linani, kufaka nemali yekuphatsa, nome ngabe nguyiphi i-credit yetintfo letijwayelekile letisusiwe, kanye nanome ngabe nguyiphi imitselela eluhlelweni.
Kuvuma. Umtsengi usayina kulinganisa. Ngaphansi kwe-Alienation of Land Act, kutsengiswa kwelivu kufanele kubhalwe futsi kusayinwe ngulabo bobabili. Kushintja kwelinani lekutsenga kufanele kulandzele lesimo lesifanako: sengeto lesibhaliwe lesisayinwe ngulabo bobabili. Cela i-conveyancer yakho kutsi isihlole.
Kukhokha. Nquma kutsi kushintja kukhokhelwa njani. Kutfutfukisa lokukhokhelwa ngemali kuvame kukhokhelwa kucala, ngobe i-bond yemtsengi ivunyelwe linani lelibekiwe. Nangabe kushintja kwengetwa enanini, libhange lingadzinga kuphindze livume i-bond. Loko kungabambezela i-transfer.
Kuyala. Kungu manje kuphela lapho licembu lesitandi litfola khona umyalo, nekulinganisa lokusayiniwe kunanyatselwe.
Kurekhoda. Bhala kushintja endlini kuze kuvele ngesikhatsi sekunikwa nakuluhlu lwe-snag.

Kushintja kwemtsengi kungaphansi kwesivumelwano sekutsengisa. Kushintja kwekontraka kungaphansi kwekontraka yakho yekwakha, kuvame kube yifomu ye-JBCC, i-NEC nobe i-GCC. Nangabe kushintja kwemtsengi kuguqula umsebenti wekontraka, udzinga imirekhodi yomibili, ixhumene. Ngaleyo ndlela uyamkhokhisa umtsengi futsi ukhokhele kontraka kushintja lokufanako.

Caphela kushintjaniswa. Nangabe luhlobo lolushiwo lungasekho esitolo futsi uyalushintja, tfola imvume lebhaliwe yemtsengi kucala. Batsengi babona ligama leluhlobo njengeluphawu lwekhwalithi. Kushintja ngekuthula kuphenduka sikhalo ngesikhatsi sekunikwa.

Gcina Batsengi Bati Ngaphandle Kwesiphepho Se-WhatsApp

Beka sigci lesingashintji sekubika ngendlu ngayinye, futsi batsengi batawuyekela kukujaha ngetindzaba. Batsengi labakhatsatekile bashayela lihhovisi lekutsengisa. Lihhovisi lekutsengisa lishayela sitandi, futsi umphatsi wakho wesitandi ulahlekelwa lihora ngelilanga.

Sigci lesisebentako kuma-estate lamanyenti:

Kubika kwenyanga ngendlu ngayinye, nesigaba lesifinyelelwe, sikhombo semsebenti lesilandzelako, kanye netitfombe letintsatfu nobe letine tesitandi letinelilanga.
Tatiso tetikhomba temsebenti emaphoyintini labalulekile: tisekelo, i-wall plate, luphahla, i-practical completion. Kumabhizinisi e-plot-and-plan, tifanise nekuhlolwa kwelibhange kwetinkhokhelo.
Tatiso tekubambeka titfunyelwa ngekushesha, nesizatfu nelilanga lelisha.
Indlela yinye kuphela, licembu lakho lelingayisesha kamuva.

Titfombe nemalanga kufanele kuvele emrekhodini wemsebenti welicembu lakho, kuvamile idayari yesitandi sekwakha. I-Wakha, sibonelo, ikhombisa umtsengi ngamunye inchubeko lenemalanga evela edayarini yayo yesitandi kuliphothali lebatsengi. Umtsengi ubona umrekhodi we-foreman ngokwawo.

Yabelana ngenchubeko, hhayi ngetinkinga licembu lakho lelisatixazulula. I-lintel leqhekekile lelungiswe ngaloliviki linye akudzingeki ifike kumtsengi. Inkinga yesakhiwo lebambezela indlu yakhe iyadzingeka, kanye neluhlelo.

Imibhalo Yekwabelana Ngayo Nebatsengi, Nekutsi Nini

Batsengi betsemba umakhi lobanika imibhalo ngaphambi kwekutsi bayicele. Faka ngamunye eliphothalini nawulungile. Bese liphakethe lekunikwa selakhiwe kakhulu ngaphambi kwelilanga lekunikwa.

Umbhalo	Nini kwabelana ngawo	Emanothi
Sivumelwano sekutsengisa lesisayiniwe netengeto	Ekusayineni	Faka sengeto sekukhetsa nemalanga ekugcina
I-spec lejwayelekile neluhlu lwekukhetsa	Ekusayineni	Inelilanga lenguculo, nesikhatsi lapho emanani asebenta khona
Likhasi lekuciniseka kwekukhetsa	Ngemuva kwelilanga ngalinye lekugcina	Lisayinwe ngumtsengi, nemanani
Tinhlelo tekwakha letivunyiwe	Ngemuva kwekuvunywa kukamasipala	Faka nome ngukuphi kuchibiyela kwekushintja kwekuhlelwa
Sitifiketi sekubhaliswa ku-NHBRC	Ngaphambi kwekutsi kwakha kucale	I-Housing Consumers Protection Measures Act isidzinga kubhaliswa nanyana emalanga langu-15 ngaphambi kwekutsi umsebenti ucale. Buka umhlahlandlela wetfu wetigaba tekuhlolwa kwe-NHBRC
I-CoC yegesi, titifiketi temapayipi nengilazi, i-CoC ye-gas nangabe ifakiwe	Ngaphambi kwekuhlala	Umasipala uyatidzinga kukhipha sitifiketi sekuhlala. Ema-conveyancer asicela futsi i-CoC yegesi, ne-CoC ye-gas nangabe ifakiwe, ku-transfer
Sitifiketi sekuhlala	Ngaphambi kwekunikwa	Sikhishwa ngumasipala ngaphansi kwesigaba 14 se-National Building Regulations and Building Standards Act
Luhlu lwe-snag nekusayina	Ekuhlolweni kwekunikwa	Sebentisa i-template yeluhlu lwe-snag lehleliwe
Libhuku lemnikati wendlu nema-warranty	Ekunikweni	Timphahla, luphahla, kuvimbela emanti, ne-warranty ye-NHBRC (iminyaka lemihlanu yemaphutsa lamakhulu esakhiwo)

Kumaskimu e-sectional title, engeta imibhalo yeliskimu batsengi labatayicela. Loku kufaka i-sectional plan yemadrafti nobe lebhalisiwe, ema-participation quota, tindzawo tekusebentisa kwemuntfu yedvwa, imitsetfo ye-body corporate kanye neluhlu lwekucala lwe-levy.

Tingibe Letiholela Etingcocweni Ngesikhatsi Se-Snagging

Tingcoco letinyenti tebatsengi ngesikhatsi sekunikwa tibuyela kunye kuletikhala letisitfupha tenchubo. Tilungise ngekushesha futsi lilanga le-snag liphenduka luhlu lwekuhlola.

Kukhetsa lokwephuzile lokungenamphumela. Sho loko lokwentekako nawungakhetsi bese ukusebentisa.
Kutfutfukisa lokungakhokhiswanga. Licembu lakho lesitandi lidzinga umtsetfo munye: kute kulinganisa lokusayiniwe, kute umsebenti.
Tetsembiso tekutsengisa ngaphandle kwe-spec. I-ejenti itsi “yebo, ungaba nesitofu se-gas”. Fundzisa basebenti bekutsengisa luhlu.
Indlu yekukhombisa kucatsaniswa ne-spec. Batsengi bacabanga kutsi batawutfola konkhe kutfutfukisa labakubonile. Phawula kutfutfukisa endlini yekukhombisa. Kukhohlisa umtsengi ngaloko lokufakiwe kungaphula ne-Consumer Protection Act.
Kushintjaniswa lokungabhalwanga. Luhlobo lolehlukile lwempompi ngaphandle kwemvume lebhaliwe yingcoco.
“Akusiko lengikukhetsile.” Ngaphandle kwelikhasi lekukhetsa lelisayiniwe ngendlu ngayinye, lilivi lakho kumelene nelabo.

Tingcoco leticala ngesikhatsi sekunikwa tivame kubuya kamuva njengetimangalo temaphutsa. Umhlahlandlela wetfu wesikhatsi sekubophezeleka kwemaphutsa eNingizimu Afrika uchaza kutsi loko kusebenta njani nekuvikelwa yi-NHBRC.

Indlela Bakhi BaseNingizimu Afrika Labaphatsa Ngayo Kukhetsa Lamuhla

Bakhi labanyenti betindlu baseNingizimu Afrika baphatsa kukhetsa nge-spreadsheet, i-email ne-WhatsApp. Loko kuyasebenta kuze kube yindlu yema-20. Ngemuva kwaloko, umbuto ngukutsi nguyiphi indlela legcina umrekhodi munye ngendlu ngayinye ngaphandle kwekwengeta umsebenti wekuphatsa.

	I-spreadsheet + WhatsApp	Lifolda lelabelwanako ngendlu ngayinye	I-software yetindlu tekuhlala lekhetsekile
Kukhetsa ngendlu ngayinye nemanani	Ngesandla, kulula kuphuka	Kuyenteka, kudzinga emagama emafayela lalawulwa kahle	Kufakiwe, kanye nemanani nekuvunywa kwemtsengi
Kubuka inchubeko kwemtsengi	Cha	Sixhumanisi selifolda lekufundza kuphela	Liphothali lebatsengi lenenchubeko lenemalanga
Emalanga ekugcina ngendlu ngayinye	Ngesandla	Ngesandla	Alandzelelwa nekukhetsa
Kuxhumana neluhlelo lwekwakha	Kute	Kute	Kuxhumene nangabe kuhlela kusethulusini lelifanako
Imirekhodi ye-NHBRC netitifiketi ngendlu ngayinye	Ngesandla	Kufakwa ngesandla	Kulandzelelwa ngendlu ngayinye
Kusebenta ngaphandle kwe-inthanethi ngesikhatsi sekucitwa kwemandla	Ngalokuncane	Kuya ngekuhlanganisa	Indlela yekusebenta ngaphandle kwe-inthanethi
Tindleko tekukuphatsa	Imali lencane, sikhatsi lesinyenti sekuphatsa	Imali lencane, sikhatsi lesisemkhatsini sekuphatsa	Kubhalisela, sikhatsi lesincane sekuphatsa

Lifolda lelabelwanako ngendlu ngayinye sinyatselo sekucala lesifanele kumakhi lomncane. Liphocelela umrekhodi munye ngendlu ngayinye futsi alibiti lutfo. Nawuhlola i-software, cela i-demo lephilako ngetinhlobo tetindlu takho. Hlola kukhetsa nekubika kwebatsengi, kubekwe linani nge-ZAR, ngaphambi kwekutsi usayine.

Umphetfo

Inchubo yekukhetsa lithulusi lenzuzo ngaphambi kwekutsi libe lithulusi lekusita emakhasimende. Lungisa luhlu nemanani, uhlobanise lilanga ngalinye lekugcina neluhlelo, uhambise kushintja ngakunye kwemtsengi ngekulinganisa lokusayiniwe. Yabelana ngenchubeko nangemibhalo ngesigci lesibekiwe, ngendlela yinye. Kunikwa kuphenduka kuhlola kwaloko lokuvunyelwene ngako. Liphothali lakho lebatsengi lingacala lilula bese liyakhula. Kutiphatsa kufanele kube khona kusukela endlini yekucala loyitsengisako.

Imibuto Lehlala Ibutwa

Yini liphothali lebatsengi kumakhi wetindlu?

Liphothali lebatsengi yindzawo yinye lapho umtsengi ngamunye abona kukhetsa kwendlu yakhe, emalanga ekugcina, kubika ngenchubeko kanye nemibhalo. Lisebenta kahle kakhulu nangabe umtsengi abona umrekhodi lofanako naloyo licembu lakho lelisebenta ngawo.

Batsengi kufanele bakhetse nini tintfo tekucedzela?

Kukhetsa ngakunye kufanele kube nelilanga lekugcina lelihlobene neluhlelo lwekwakha. Kushintja kwekuhlelwa kuta ngaphambi kwekungeniswa kweluhlelo, futsi emaphoyinti egesi ngaphambi kwe-wall plate. Emakhishi ayeta ngaphambi kwekuphela kweluphahla, nemathayela ngaphambi kwema-screed. Faka emalanga esivumelwaneni sekutsengisa nobe esengetweni sekukhetsa.

Bakhi betindlu kufanele bakhokhise njani kutfutfukisa kwebatsengi?

Sebentisa luhlu lolungashintji lolunemanani nge-ZAR, kufaka i-VAT nemali yekuphatsa. Tfola kulinganisa lokusayiniwe kwako konkhe kushintja. Kutfutfukisa lokukhokhelwa ngemali kuvame kukhokhelwa kucala, ngobe i-bond yemtsengi ivunyelwe linani lelibekiwe. Kushintja kwelinani lekutsenga kufanele kuye kusengeto lesibhaliwe lesisayinwe ngulabo bobabili, lesihlolwe yi-conveyancer yakho.

Nguyiphi imibhalo umtsengi lekufanele ayitfole ngaphambi kwekunikwa?

Lokuncane: sivumelwano lesisayiniwe netengeto, kuciniseka kwekukhetsa, tinhlelo letivunyiwe, sitifiketi sekubhaliswa ku-NHBRC, titifiketi tegesi netemapayipi, sitifiketi sekuhlala, luhlu lwe-snag kanye nelibhuku lemnikati wendlu. Batsengi be-sectional title baphindze badzinge imibhalo yeliskimu.

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