JBCC kgahlano le NEC le GCC: O Sebedise Efe ka 2026?

Foromo e fosahetseng ya konteraka, mme o ipeha kotsing ya ditefo tse diehang, ditifikeiti tse phehisanwang le ho hanwa tender-ng. Afrika Borwa, disuite tse tharo tsa dikonteraka di a busa: JBCC (Joint Building Contracts Committee), NEC (New Engineering Contract) le GCC (General Conditions of Contract). E nngwe le e nngwe e sebeletsa makala a fapaneng, e aba kotsi ka tsela e fapaneng mme e sebedisa ditshebetso tse fapaneng tsa tefo. Bakonteraka le baqapi ba bangata ba kena diqabang, ditefong tse diehang le ho feta bajete feela hobane ba sa ka ba lekanya konteraka le projeke kapa moreki.

Tataiso ena e bapisa dikonteraka tsa JBCC kgahlano le NEC kgahlano le GCC maemong a Afrika Borwa: neng ho sebediswa e nngwe le e nngwe, kamoo ditifikeiti tsa tefo le di-variation di sebetsang tlasa sistimi ka nngwe, le kamoo o ka di tsamaisang ntle le ho kgangwa ke di-spreadsheet.

Hobaneng Kgetho ya Foromo ya Konteraka e le Bohlokwa

Foromo ya konteraka eo o e kgethang e beha motheo wa kamoo projeke ya hao e tla laolwa ka teng, kamoo diqabang di tla rarollwa ka teng le kamoo ditefo di tla phalla ka teng. E fose, mme o tla tobana le:

Ditefo tse diehang, Dikonteraka tse fapaneng di na le ditshebetso tse fapaneng tsa setifikeiti sa tefo. Ho sebedisa foromo e fosahetseng ho ka baka pherekano le ditieho.
Ho hola ha diqabang, Konteraka ka nngwe e na le mekgwa e fapaneng ya ho rarolla diqabang. E meng e a hanyetsana haholo, e meng e sebedisana haholo.
Kabo e fosahetseng ya kotsi, Dikonteraka di aba kotsi ka tsela e fapaneng. Ho sebedisa konteraka e sa lekanang le mofuta wa projeke ya hao ho ka o siya o pepesehile.
Mathata a compliance, Diprojeke tsa lekala la mmuso hangata di qobella diforomo tse itseng tsa dikonteraka. Ho sebedisa e fosahetseng ho ka hanya tender ya hao.

Afrika Borwa, kgetho ya konteraka hase feela taba ya seo o se ratang, hangata e laelwa ke mofuta wa projeke, lekala la moreki le ditlhoko tsa melao. Ho utlwisisa dithibelo tsena ho o thusa ho kgetha konteraka e nepahetseng le ho e laola hantle.

Kakaretso ya Dikonteraka tsa Kaho tsa Afrika Borwa

Pele re kena papisong, mona ke kakaretso e potlakileng ya suite ka nngwe ya dikonteraka le moo e sebediswang teng mmarakeng wa Afrika Borwa.

JBCC: Maemo a Lekala la Poraefete

Suite ya Joint Building Contracts Committee (JBCC) ke foromo ya konteraka e sebediswang haholo lekaleng la poraefete la Afrika Borwa. E etseditswe mesebetsi ya kaho ya meaho, kaho ya matlo a bodulo, ya kgwebo le ya diindasteri, mme e ratwa ke baqapi ba thepa, bareki ba poraefete le bakonteraka ba sebetsang diprojekeng tsa poraefete.

Dikonteraka tse bohlokwa tsa JBCC:

Principal Building Agreement (PBA): konteraka e kgolo bakeng sa mesebetsi ya kaho, e etseditsweng diprojeke tse rarahaneng tse nkang dikgwedi tse fetang tse robong kapa tse nang le contract sum e fetang R5 million
Minor Works Agreement: konteraka e nolofaditsweng bakeng sa diprojeke tsa mofuta o bonolo tse sa feteng dikgwedi tse robong mme di sa fete R5 million
Nominated/Selected Subcontract Agreement, Bakeng sa ho laola di-subcontractor diprojekeng tsa JBCC

Moo JBCC e sebediswang teng:

Ntshetsopele ya poraefete ya matlo a bodulo
Diprojeke tsa meaho ya kgwebo
Kaho ya diindasteri
Diprojeke tsa ntshetsopele ya thepa
Infrastructure ya lekala la poraefete (moo e sa qobellwang ka tsela e nngwe)

Karolo ya mmaraka: JBCC e busa mesebetsi ya kaho ya lekala la poraefete, ka karolo e hakanyetswang ya 60–70% ya mmaraka diprojekeng tsa kaho tsa poraefete.

NEC: Maemo a Lekala la Mmuso le a Engineering

Suite ya New Engineering Contract (NEC) e ntse e ratwa haholo lekaleng la mmuso la Afrika Borwa le bakeng sa diprojeke tsa engineering. E qadilwe UK, NEC4 e amohetswe ke di-parastatal tse kgolo le di-metro tsa Afrika Borwa bakeng sa mesebetsi ya infrastructure le engineering.

Dikonteraka tse bohlokwa tsa NEC:

NEC4 Engineering and Construction Contract (ECC), Konteraka e kgolo bakeng sa mesebetsi ya engineering le kaho
NEC4 Professional Services Contract (PSC), Bakeng sa baeletsi le ditshebeletso tsa ditsebi
NEC4 Term Service Contract, Bakeng sa dikonteraka tsa tlhokomelo le ditshebeletso tse tswelang pele

Moo NEC e sebediswang teng:

Diprojeke tsa ditsela tsa SANRAL
Infrastructure ya motlakase ya Eskom
Diprojeke tsa diporo le maemakepe tsa Transnet
Diprojeke tsa infrastructure tsa di-metro (City of Cape Town, City of Johannesburg)
Infrastructure ya metsi (Rand Water, bomasepala)
Diprojeke tsa engineering tse hlokang tshebedisano

Karolo ya mmaraka: NEC e hola kapele lekaleng la mmuso, haholoholo bakeng sa diprojeke tsa infrastructure le engineering. E hakanyetswa ho emela 20–30% ya dikonteraka tsa lekala la mmuso.

GCC: Maemo a Mmuso

General Conditions of Contract for Construction Works (GCC) e phatlaladitswe ke South African Institution of Civil Engineering (SAICE). Mafapha a naha le a porofense le bomasepala ba bangata ba e bolela bakeng sa mesebetsi ya setjhaba, boholo dikonteraka tsa civil le engineering. cidb Standard for Uniformity in Construction Procurement e e thathamisa hara diforomo tse tlwaelehileng tseo bareki ba mmuso ba ka di sebedisang, haufi le JBCC, NEC le FIDIC.

Dikgatiso tse bohlokwa tsa GCC:

GCC 2015, kgatiso e ntseng e ngotswe dikonterakeng tse ngata tsa mmuso tse sebetsang
GCC 2025, kgatiso e ntjha ya SAICE e qadilweng ka 2025, e nang le melao e thata ka ditaelo tse ngotsweng, dikleime le tefo e diehileng

Ditifikeiti tsa tefo tsa GCC boholo ke taba ya kontraka ya civil. Sehlahiswa sa rona sa kgaitsedi Sakha se di akaretsa ka botebo: bona tshebetso ya setifikeiti sa tefo sa GCC, ditifikeiti tsa tefo tsa GCC 2015 kgahlano le GCC 2025 le tataiso e pharaletseng ya software ya civil engineering Afrika Borwa.

Moo GCC e sebediswang teng:

Diprojeke tsa mafapha a mmuso wa naha
Mesebetsi ya mmuso wa porofense
Diprojeke tsa masepala (moo NEC e sa sebediswang)
Diprojeke tsa setso tsa measure-and-value

Karolo ya mmaraka: GCC e ntse e busa diprojekeng tsa mafapha a mmuso, e emela hoo e ka bang 40–50% ya dikonteraka tsa lekala la mmuso, leha NEC e ntse e fumana sebaka.

Papiso e Qaqileng: JBCC kgahlano le NEC kgahlano le GCC

Ho utlwisisa diphapang pakeng tsa diforomo tsena tsa dikonteraka ho o thusa ho kgetha e nepahetseng le ho e laola hantle. Mona ke papiso ya mahlakore a bohlokwa.

Mekgwa ya Tefo

Tshebetso ya Tefo ya JBCC:

JBCC e sebedisa sistimi ya setso ya setifikeiti sa tefo sa nakwana. Principal agent (architect kapa quantity surveyor) o fana ka ditifikeiti tsa tefo tsa nakwana kgwedi le kgwedi, a netefatsa mosebetsi o phethilweng ho fihlela kajeno. Ditefo hangata:

Di fanwa kgwedi le kgwedi ho ipapisitswe le mosebetsi o phethilweng
Di kenyelletsa retention (hangata 5–10%)
Di ela hloko di-variation le diphetoho
Di lefuwa ka hare ho matsatsi a 14–21 ho tloha ha setifikeiti se fanwa

Sistimi ya tefo ya JBCC e bonolo empa e ka dieha haeba ditifikeiti di sa fanwe kapele. Bakonteraka ba itshetleha ka ho fanwa ha ditifikeiti ka nako bakeng sa cash flow.

Tshebetso ya Tefo ya NEC:

NEC e sebedisa sistimi ya tefo e ipapisitseng le mesebetsi (activities) kapa target cost, ho ya ka kgetho ya konteraka e kgethilweng. Ditefo hangata:

Di ipapisitse le mesebetsi e phethilweng kapa diperesente tsa target cost
Di kenyelletsa sistimi ya temoso ya pele bakeng sa ho feta bajete ho ka bang teng
Dipotoloho tsa tefo tse atisang (hangata dibeke tse pedi ka nngwe)
Mokgwa wa tshebedisano o nang le kotsi e arolelanwang

Sistimi ya tefo ya NEC e etseditswe ho potlaka le ho sebedisana haholo, ka disistimi tsa temoso ya pele tse thusang ho thibela diqabang pele di hola.

Tshebetso ya Tefo ya GCC:

GCC e sebedisa sistimi ya setso ya tefo ya measure-and-value, e tshwanang le JBCC empa e na le diphapang tse ding:

Ditifikeiti tsa tefo tsa kgwedi le kgwedi ho ipapisitswe le mosebetsi o lekantsweng
Retention hangata 5–10%
Tefo ka hare ho matsatsi a 30 a setifikeiti (e telele ho feta JBCC)
Tshebetso e semmuso ya ho lekanya

Ditefo tsa GCC di ka dieha ka lebaka la ditlhoko tse semmuso tsa ho lekanya le dipehelo tse telele tsa tefo.

Kabo ya Kotsi

Kabo ya Kotsi ya JBCC:

JBCC e latela mokgwa wa setso wa kabo ya kotsi:

Kotsi ya kontraka: Boleng ba mosebetsi, thepa, ditieho tsa nako (ntle le haeba di na le lebaka le amohelehang), ho feta bajete
Kotsi ya moreki: Diphoso tsa moralo (haeba moreki a fana ka moralo), force majeure, maemo a mobu (haeba a sa senolwa)
Kotsi e arolelanwang: Di-variation, ditieho tse bakilweng ke moreki kapa moemedi

JBCC e lekalekane hantle empa e ka hanyetsana ha diqabang di hlaha, hobane kabo ya kotsi hangata e tolokwa ka thata.

Kabo ya Kotsi ya NEC:

NEC e sebedisa mokgwa wa tshebedisano wa ho arolelana kotsi:

Sistimi ya temoso ya pele, Mekga ka bobedi e tlameha ho tsebisa ka mathata a ka bang teng
Compensation events, Diketsahalo tse hlalositsweng tse qalang diphetoho tsa nako le ditjeho
Kotsi e arolelanwang, Kgatello e kgolo ho rarolla mathata hammoho
Ponaletso, Puisano le ho arolelana kotsi ho bulehileng ho feta

NEC e etseditswe ho fokotsa diqabang ka temoso ya pele le tshebedisano, leha e hloka taolo e mafolofolo ya konteraka. Mosebetsing wa civil le infrastructure, compensation events di tsamaisa boholo ba dikleime tsa NEC; tataiso ya Sakha ya NEC compensation events Afrika Borwa e hlalosa ditsebiso le di-time bar.

Kabo ya Kotsi ya GCC:

GCC e latela mokgwa wa setso wa kotsi o imelang kontraka:

Kotsi ya kontraka: Boholo ba dikotsi tsa projeke, ho kenyeletswa maemo a mobu, ditieho tsa boemo ba lehodimo, ho feta bajete
Kotsi ya moreki: E lekanyeditswe, boholo diphoso tsa moralo le force majeure
Tshebetso e semmuso, Toloko e thata ya dipehelo tsa konteraka

GCC e atisa ho aba kotsi e kgolo ho kontraka, e leng se ka etsang hore ho be thata ho bakonteraka empa e fa bareki botshepehi bo eketsehileng.

Tharollo ya Diqabang

Tharollo ya Diqabang ya JBCC:

JBCC e sebedisa tshebetso ya setso ya tharollo ya diqabang:

Qeto ya Principal Agent, Qeto ya pele ya principal agent
Adjudication, E ka isa diqabang ho adjudication
Arbitration, Tharollo ya ho qetela ka arbitration
Nyewe, E ka ya makgotleng haeba arbitration e hloleha

Tshebetso e ka dieha mme ya hanyetsana, ka diqabang hangata di hola ho ya arbitration kapa nyeweng.

Tharollo ya Diqabang ya NEC:

NEC e na le tshebetso e hlophisitsweng haholo ya tharollo ya diqabang:

Temoso ya pele, Mathata a bonwa kapele ka sistimi ya temoso
Qeto ya Project Manager, Qeto ya pele ya project manager
Adjudication, Diqabang di iswa ho adjudication (e potlakileng ho feta arbitration)
Arbitration/Nyewe, Tharollo ya ho qetela haeba e hlokahala

Sistimi ya temoso ya pele ya NEC e thusa ho thibela diqabang, mme adjudication hangata e potlakile ho feta arbitration.

Tharollo ya Diqabang ya GCC:

GCC e sebedisa tshebetso e semmuso ya tharollo ya diqabang:

Qeto ya Engineer, Qeto ya pele ya engineer
Dispute Adjudication Board, E ka sebedisa DAB bakeng sa diqabang
Arbitration, Tharollo ya ho qetela ka arbitration
Nyewe, E ka ya makgotleng

Tshebetso ya GCC e semmuso mme e ka dieha, ka diqabang hangata di hloka arbitration.

Ditshebediso tse Tlwaelehileng

JBCC e Molemohali Bakeng sa:

Ntshetsopele ya poraefete ya matlo a bodulo
Diprojeke tsa meaho ya kgwebo
Ntshetsopele ya thepa (feasibility ho isa nehelanong)
Diprojeke moo moreki a batlang konteraka ya setso, e utlwisiswang hantle
Mesebetsi ya kaho ya meaho (eseng engineering/infrastructure)
Diprojeke tse nang le mosebetsi o hlakileng le di-variation tse fokolang tse lebeletsweng

NEC e Molemohali Bakeng sa:

Diprojeke tsa infrastructure tsa lekala la mmuso
Mesebetsi ya engineering (ditsela, marokgo, infrastructure ya metsi)
Diprojeke tse hlokang tshebedisano
Diprojeke tse rarahaneng tse nang le monyetla o moholo wa di-variation
Diprojeke moo temoso ya pele le taolo ya kotsi di tlang pele
Diprojeke tsa infrastructure tsa di-parastatal le di-metro

GCC e Molemohali Bakeng sa:

Diprojeke tsa mafapha a mmuso (tse qobelletsweng)
Diprojeke tsa setso tsa measure-and-value
Diprojeke moo mokgwa o semmuso, wa setso o hlokahalang
Mesebetsi ya lekala la mmuso e qobelletsweng ke CIDB
Diprojeke tse nang le mosebetsi o hlakileng le ho rarahana ho fokolang
Infrastructure ya mmuso moo GCC e boletsweng

Mefuta ya Diprojeke

Mefuta ya Diprojeke ya JBCC:

Matlo a bodulo le di-complex
Meaho ya diofisi tsa kgwebo
Disenthara tsa mabenkele
Mabolokelo a diindasteri
Diprojeke tsa ntshetsopele ya thepa
Dintlafatso tsa meaho le di-fit-out

Mefuta ya Diprojeke ya NEC:

Kaho le ntlafatso ya ditsela
Kaho ya marokgo
Infrastructure ya metsi le metsi a ditshila
Infrastructure ya motlakase
Infrastructure ya diporo
Infrastructure ya maemakepe
Diprojeke tsa engineering tse hlokang tshebedisano

Mefuta ya Diprojeke ya GCC:

Diprojeke tsa meaho ya mmuso
Infrastructure ya masepala
Infrastructure ya porofense
Diprojeke tsa mafapha a naha
Mesebetsi ya setso ya kaho
Diprojeke tsa lekala la mmuso tse laolwang ke CIDB

Tafole ya Papiso: JBCC kgahlano le NEC kgahlano le GCC

Karolo	JBCC	NEC	GCC
Tshebediso e Kgolo	Mesebetsi ya kaho ya lekala la poraefete	Engineering/infrastructure ya lekala la mmuso	Diprojeke tsa mafapha a mmuso
Karolo ya Mmaraka	60–70% lekala la poraefete	20–30% lekala la mmuso	40–50% lekala la mmuso
Kgafetsa ya Tefo	Ditifikeiti tsa kgwedi le kgwedi	Dibeke tse pedi ka nngwe (hangata)	Ditifikeiti tsa kgwedi le kgwedi
Dipehelo tsa Tefo	Matsatsi a 14–21	E fapana ka kgetho	Matsatsi a 30
Motheo wa Tefo	Mosebetsi o phethilweng (lump sum)	Mesebetsi/target cost	Measure and value
Retention	5–10% e tlwaelehileng	E fapana ka kgetho	5–10% e tlwaelehileng
Kabo ya Kotsi	E lekalekaneng ya setso	Tshebedisano/e arolelanwang	E imelang kontraka
Tharollo ya Diqabang	Adjudication → Arbitration	Temoso ya pele → Adjudication	DAB → Arbitration
Tshebetso ya Variation	Di-variation order tse semmuso	Compensation events	Di-variation order tse semmuso
Sistimi ya Temoso ya Pele	Tjhe	E (e qobelletsweng)	Tjhe
Mokgwa wa Tshebedisano	Bohareng	E phahameng	E tlase
Ho Rarahana	Bohareng	E phahameng	Bohareng
Boleng bo Tlwaelehileng ba Projeke	R500K – R100M+	R10M – R1B+	R1M – R500M+
E Molemohali Bakeng sa	Diprojeke tsa poraefete tsa kaho	Infrastructure/engineering ya mmuso	Mesebetsi ya mafapha a mmuso
Tsamaiso ya Konteraka	Principal Agent	Project Manager	Engineer
Ho Atoloswa ha Nako	Ditieho tse nang le lebaka	Compensation events	Dikleime tsa extension of time

Neng o Sebedise Konteraka Efe

Sebedisa JBCC Ha:

O sebetsa lekaleng la poraefete, JBCC ke maemo a mesebetsi ya kaho ya poraefete
Projeke ya hao ke projeke ya kaho ya meaho, Meaho ya bodulo, ya kgwebo kapa ya diindasteri
O batla konteraka e utlwisiswang hantle, JBCC e tsebahala ho bakonteraka ba bangata ba Afrika Borwa
Moreki wa hao o rata mokgwa wa setso, Bareki ba bangata ba poraefete ba phutholohile ka JBCC
O etsa ntshetsopele ya thepa, JBCC e sebetsa hantle bakeng sa diprojeke tsa ntshetsopele
Mosebetsi wa projeke o batla o hlakile, JBCC e sebetsa hantle ka ho fetisisa ha di-variation di le fokolang

Mehlala ya diprojeke: Ntshetsopele ya estate ya matlo a bodulo, moaho wa diofisi tsa kgwebo, senthara ya mabenkele, kaho ya polokelo.

Sebedisa NEC Ha:

O sebeletsa di-parastatal kapa di-metro, SANRAL, Eskom, Transnet, City of Cape Town, City of Johannesburg hangata di qobella NEC
Projeke ya hao ke infrastructure kapa engineering, Ditsela, marokgo, infrastructure ya metsi, diprojeke tsa motlakase
O hloka tshebedisano, Sistimi ya temoso ya pele ya NEC e kgothaletsa tshebedisano
Projeke ya hao e na le monyetla o moholo wa di-variation, NEC e sebetsana le di-variation ka compensation events
O batla ditefo tse potlakileng, Dipotoloho tsa tefo tsa NEC hangata di atisa
Taolo ya kotsi e tla pele, Sistimi ya temoso ya pele ya NEC e thusa ho laola dikotsi esale pele

Mehlala ya diprojeke: Ntlafatso ya tsela ya SANRAL, substation ya Eskom, infrastructure ya metsi ya metro, infrastructure ya diporo.

Sebedisa GCC Ha:

O sebeletsa mafapha a mmuso, GCC hangata e qobellwa bakeng sa diprojeke tsa mmuso wa naha/porofense
Projeke ya hao e laolwa ke CIDB, GCC e hlokwa bakeng sa diprojeke tse ngata tsa CIDB
O etsa mosebetsi wa setso wa measure-and-value, GCC e lekana le diprojeke tsa setso tsa ho lekanya
Moreki wa hao o bolela GCC, Bareki ba bang ba qobella GCC bakeng sa ho tsitsa
O phutholohile ka kotsi e imelang kontraka, GCC e aba kotsi e kgolo ho bakonteraka
Ditshebetso tse semmuso di a hlokahala, GCC e fana ka tsamaiso ya konteraka e semmuso, ya setso

Mehlala ya diprojeke: Projeke ya moaho wa mmuso, infrastructure ya masepala, mesebetsi ya ditsela tsa porofense, kaho ya lefapha la naha.

Ditifikeiti tsa Tefo tlasa Mofuta ka Mong wa Konteraka

Ho utlwisisa kamoo ditifikeiti tsa tefo di sebetsang tlasa foromo ka nngwe ya konteraka ho bohlokwa bakeng sa cash flow. Bakeng sa mehato e ikgethang ya JBCC, bona tataiso ya rona ya setifikeiti sa tefo sa JBCC. Bakeng sa kakaretso e pharaletseng, bona ditifikeiti tsa tefo ya tswelopele Afrika Borwa. Ka tlase ke kamoo sistimi ka nngwe e sebetsanang le netefatso.

Ditifikeiti tsa Tefo tsa JBCC

Tshebetso:

Valuation ya kgwedi, Kontraka e romela kleime ya kgwedi bakeng sa mosebetsi o phethilweng
Tekolo ya Principal Agent, Principal Agent (architect kapa QS) o lekola mosebetsi mme o fana ka Interim Payment Certificate (IPC)
Dikahare tsa setifikeiti, IPC e kenyelletsa:
- Mosebetsi o phethilweng ho fihlela kajeno
- Thepa e sebakeng
- Ho tloswa ha retention (hangata 5–10%)
- Ditefo tse fetileng
- Tjhelete e setseng e lokelang ho lefuwa
Tefo, Moreki o lefa ka hare ho matsatsi a 14–21 ho tloha ha setifikeiti se fanwa
Setifikeiti sa ho qetela, Kamora practical completion, Final Payment Certificate e a fanwa

Dintlha tse bohlokwa:

Ditifikeiti di fanwa kgwedi le kgwedi
Retention e lokollwa ka mekgahlelo (halofo ha practical completion, halofo qetellong ya defects liability period)
Di-variation di kenngwa ditifikeiting ha di amohetswe
Dipehelo tsa tefo: matsatsi a 14–21 ho tloha ha setifikeiti se fanwa

Diphephetso:

Ditieho haeba Principal Agent a sa fane ka ditifikeiti kapele
Diqabang ka valuation di ka diehisa ditefo
Retention e ka notlela cash flow e kgolo

Ditifikeiti tsa Tefo tsa NEC

Tshebetso:

Ho phethelwa ha mesebetsi, Kontraka e phethela mesebetsi (kapa e fihlela di-milestone tsa target cost)
Tekolo ya Project Manager, Project Manager o lekola mosebetsi o phethilweng
Setifikeiti sa tefo, Project Manager o fana ka setifikeiti sa tefo (hangata dibeke tse pedi ka nngwe)
Dikahare tsa setifikeiti, Se kenyelletsa:
- Boleng ba mesebetsi e phethilweng
- Diperesente tsa target cost (haeba ke Option C/D)
- Retention (haeba e sebetsa)
- Ditefo tse fetileng
- Tjhelete e setseng e lokelang ho lefuwa
Tefo, Moreki o lefa ka hare ho nako ya tefo e boletsweng konterakeng
Final account, Final account e lokiswa kamora completion

Dintlha tse bohlokwa:

Dipotoloho tsa tefo tse atisang (hangata dibeke tse pedi ka nngwe)
Motheo wa mesebetsi kapa target cost
Sistimi ya temoso ya pele e thusa ho thibela diqabang tsa tefo
Mokgwa wa tshebedisano o fokotsa ditieho

Diphephetso:

E rarahane haholo ho e tsamaisa (e hloka ho latela mesebetsi)
E hloka hore Project Manager a kenye letsoho ka mafolofolo
Dikgetho tsa target cost di hloka ho latela ditjeho

Ditifikeiti tsa Tefo tsa GCC

Tshebetso:

Ho lekanya ha kgwedi, Engineer o lekanya mosebetsi o phethilweng nakong ya kgwedi
Setifikeiti sa Engineer, Engineer o fana ka setifikeiti sa tefo sa kgwedi
Dikahare tsa setifikeiti, Se kenyelletsa:
- Boleng ba mosebetsi o lekantsweng
- Thepa e sebakeng
- Ho tloswa ha retention (hangata 5–10%)
- Ditefo tse fetileng
- Tjhelete e setseng e lokelang ho lefuwa
Tefo, Moreki o lefa ka hare ho matsatsi a 30 ho tloha ha setifikeiti se fanwa
Setifikeiti sa ho qetela, Kamora completion, Final Payment Certificate e a fanwa

Dintlha tse bohlokwa:

Tshebetso e semmuso ya ho lekanya
Ditifikeiti tsa kgwedi le kgwedi
Retention e lokollwa ka mekgahlelo
Dipehelo tsa tefo: matsatsi a 30 (e telele ho feta JBCC)

Diphephetso:

Dipehelo tsa tefo tse diehang (matsatsi a 30)
Ho lekanya ho semmuso ho ka nka nako
Diqabang ka ditekanyo di ka diehisa ditefo

Hobaneng Di-spreadsheet le Disebediswa tse sa Hokahanang di Haella

Ho tsamaisa dikonteraka tsa JBCC, NEC le GCC ka di-spreadsheet le software e akaretsang ya accounting ho baka kotsi e ka qojwang. Konteraka ka nngwe e na le diforomo tse fapaneng tsa setifikeiti, dipehelo tsa tefo, le melao ya di-variation kapa compensation events. Ho tsamaisa diprojeke tse ngata ho mefuta e fapaneng ya dikonteraka ka Excel ho lebisa diphosong tsa difomula, matsatsi a fetilweng a ho lokolla retention, le ditifikeiti tse sa lekaneng le ditlhoko tsa konteraka. Disebediswa tsa software ya kaho tsa US kapa Yuropa ha se hangata di tshehetsa diforomo tsa dikonteraka tsa SA ka tlhaho; di nahana ka dibopeho tsa tefo le mantswe a fapaneng. Bakeng sa bakonteraka le baqapi ba tsamaisang mosebetsi wa poraefete (JBCC) le wa mmuso (NEC kapa GCC), sistimi e le nngwe ya software e utlwisisang mefuta yohle e meraro ya dikonteraka e fokotsa diphoso mme e boloka cash flow e bonahala.

Dipotso tse Botswang Hangata

Na nka sebedisa JBCC bakeng sa projeke ya lekala la mmuso?

Ka kakaretso, tjhe. Diprojeke tsa lekala la mmuso hangata di qobella NEC (bakeng sa di-parastatal le di-metro) kapa GCC (bakeng sa mafapha a mmuso). Leha ho le jwalo, diprojeke tse ding tse nyane tsa lekala la mmuso kapa diprojeke tse nang le ditlhoko tse itseng di ka dumella JBCC. Kamehla hlahloba ditokomane tsa tender, di tla bolela foromo ya konteraka e hlokahalang.

Phapang pakeng tsa JBCC Principal Building Agreement le Minor Works Agreement ke efe?

Principal Building Agreement (PBA) ke konteraka e feletseng ya JBCC, e etseditsweng diprojeke tse rarahaneng tse nkang dikgwedi tse fetang tse robong kapa tse nang le contract sum e fetang R5 million. E kenyelletsa dipehelo tse akaretsang bakeng sa di-variation, ho atoloswa ha nako le tharollo ya diqabang. Minor Works Agreement ke phetolelo e nolofaditsweng bakeng sa diprojeke tsa mofuta o bonolo tse sa feteng dikgwedi tse robong mme di sa fete R5 million, ka ditshebetso tse bonolo, ntle le boikarabelo ba moralo bakeng sa kontraka, mme ntle le di-subcontractor tse nominated kapa selected.

Hobaneng di-parastatal di rata NEC ho feta GCC?

Di-parastatal tse kang SANRAL, Eskom le Transnet di rata NEC hobane:

Mokgwa wa tshebedisano, Sistimi ya temoso ya pele ya NEC e kgothaletsa tshebedisano mme e fokotsa diqabang
Taolo e betere ya kotsi, Sistimi ya temoso ya pele e thusa ho bona le ho laola dikotsi esale pele
Ditefo tse potlakileng, Dipotoloho tsa tefo tse atisang di ntlafatsa cash flow ya kontraka
Maemo a matjhaba, NEC e sebediswa lefatshe ka bophara, e fa bakonteraka ba matjhaba botsitso
Ho fetoha habonolo, NEC e fana ka dikgetho tse ngata tsa dikonteraka (lump sum, target cost, cost reimbursable) ho lekana le mefuta e fapaneng ya diprojeke

Na nka fetola diforomo tsa dikonteraka bohareng ba projeke?

Tjhe. Hang ha konteraka e saennwe, o tlamilwe ke foromo eo ya konteraka nako yohle ya projeke. Ho fetola diforomo tsa dikonteraka bohareng ba projeke ho ka hloka ho fedisa konteraka e teng le ho kena e ntjha, e leng se seng hangata se sebetsang kapa se eletswang. Kgetha foromo ya hao ya konteraka ka hloko qalong ya projeke.

Nka tseba jwang hore na ke sebedise foromo efe ya konteraka?

Foromo ya konteraka hangata e boletswe ditokomaneng tsa tender kapa brief ya projeke. Bakeng sa kaho ya lekala la poraefete, JBCC ke maemo; bakeng sa infrastructure ya lekala la mmuso, hlahloba hore na moreki o qobella NEC kapa GCC. Haeba o sa tsebe, buisana le ramolao wa molao wa kaho kapa quantity surveyor ya tlwaelaneng le diforomo tsa dikonteraka tsa Afrika Borwa.

Ho etsahala eng haeba ke sebedisa foromo e fosahetseng ya konteraka?

Ho sebedisa foromo e fosahetseng ya konteraka ho ka ba le ditlamorao tse tebileng:

Ho hanwa tender-ng, Ditender tsa lekala la mmuso hangata di hana di-bid tse sa sebediseng foromo ya konteraka e boletsweng
Ditefo tse diehang, Foromo e fosahetseng ya konteraka e ka baka pherekano le ditieho tsa tefo
Dikotsi tsa diqabang, Diforomo tsa dikonteraka di aba kotsi ka tsela e fapaneng, ho sebedisa e fosahetseng ho ka o siya o pepesehile
Mathata a compliance, Bareki ba mmuso ba beha foromo ya konteraka data ya tender, mme bid ka dipehelo tse ding e ka nna ya se arabele ditlhoko

Kamehla sebedisa foromo ya konteraka e boletsweng ditokomaneng tsa tender kapa tumellanong ya projeke.

Na Wakha e tshehetsa diforomo tsohle tse tharo tsa dikonteraka?

E. Wakha e tshehetsa ho hlahiswa ha ditifikeiti tsa tefo tsa JBCC, NEC le GCC, taolo ya di-variation, le ditshebetso tsa tsamaiso ya konteraka sistiming e le nngwe, ka diforomo tsa setifikeiti tse ikgethileng bakeng sa e nngwe le e nngwe.

Qetello

Ho kgetha foromo e nepahetseng ya konteraka, JBCC kgahlano le NEC kgahlano le GCC, ho bohlokwa bakeng sa phethahatso ya projeke Afrika Borwa. JBCC e busa kaho ya lekala la poraefete; NEC e ntse e hola infrastructure le engineering ya mmuso; GCC e ntse e le foromo e tlwaelehileng bakeng sa mesebetsi ya civil ya mafapha a mmuso le bomasepala. E nngwe le e nngwe e aba kotsi le ditshebetso tsa tefo ka tsela e fapaneng. Ho lekanya konteraka le projeke le moreki ho qoba ditefo tse diehang, diqabang le ho hanwa tender-ng.

Laola ditifikeiti tsa tefo, retention le di-variation tsa JBCC, NEC le GCC ho tswa sistiming e le nngwe ya software e hahetsweng kaho ya Afrika Borwa. Bona kamoo Wakha e tshehetsang mefuta yohle e meraro ya dikonteraka.

Dihlooho tse Amanang: