I-JBCC vs NEC vs GCC: Yiyiphi Okufanele Uyisebenzise 2026?

Ifomu lenkontileka elingalungile, futhi ubeka engozini ukubambezeleka kwezinkokhelo, izitifiketi eziphikiswayo nokukhishwa ethendeni. ENingizimu Afrika, amaqoqo amathathu ezinkontileka ayabusa: i-JBCC (Joint Building Contracts Committee), i-NEC (New Engineering Contract) ne-GCC (General Conditions of Contract). Ngayinye isebenzela imikhakha ehlukene, yabela ubungozi ngendlela ehlukile futhi isebenzisa izinqubo zenkokhelo ezahlukene. Osonkontileka nabathuthukisi abaningi bangena ezingxabanweni, ezinkokhelweni eziphuzile nasekweqeni kwezindleko ngoba nje abazange bafanise inkontileka nephrojekthi noma neklayenti.

Lo mhlahlandlela uqhathanisa izinkontileka ze-JBCC vs NEC vs GCC esimweni saseNingizimu Afrika: nini ukusebenzisa ngayinye, ukuthi izitifiketi zenkokhelo nezinguquko zisebenza kanjani ngaphansi kohlelo ngalunye, nokuthi ungaziphatha kanjani ngaphandle kokuminza kumaspredishithi.

Kungani Ukukhetha Ifomu Lenkontileka Kubalulekile

Ifomu lenkontileka olikhethayo libeka isisekelo sokuthi iphrojekthi yakho izophathwa kanjani, izingxabano zizoxazululwa kanjani nokuthi izinkokhelo zizogeleza kanjani. Uma wenza iphutha, uzobhekana:

Nokubambezeleka kwezinkokhelo, Izinkontileka ezahlukene zinezinqubo ezahlukene zezitifiketi zenkokhelo. Ukusebenzisa ifomu elingalungile kungadala ukudideka nokubambezeleka.
Nokukhula kwezingxabano, Inkontileka ngayinye inezindlela ezahlukene zokuxazulula izingxabano. Ezinye zinokuphikisana kakhulu, ezinye zinokubambisana kakhulu.
Nokwabiwa kobungozi okungalungile, Izinkontileka zabela ubungozi ngendlela ehlukile. Ukusebenzisa inkontileka engahambisani nohlobo lwephrojekthi yakho kungakushiya usengozini.
Nezinkinga zokuhambisana, Amaphrojekthi kahulumeni avame ukuphoqa amafomu enkontileka athile. Ukusebenzisa elingalungile kungakhipha ithenda yakho.

ENingizimu Afrika, ukukhetha inkontileka akumayelana nokuthanda nje, kuvame ukunqunywa wuhlobo lwephrojekthi, umkhakha weklayenti nezidingo zemithethonqubo. Ukuqonda le mikhawulo kukusiza ukhethe inkontileka efanele futhi uyiphathe ngempumelelo.

Ukubuka Jikelele Izinkontileka Zokwakha ZaseNingizimu Afrika

Ngaphambi kokungena ekuqhathaniseni, nakhu ukubuka okusheshayo kweqoqo ngalinye lezinkontileka nalapho lisetshenziswa khona emakethe yaseNingizimu Afrika.

I-JBCC: Izinga Lomkhakha Ozimele

Iqoqo le-Joint Building Contracts Committee (JBCC) yifomu lenkontileka elisetshenziswa kakhulu emkhakheni ozimele waseNingizimu Afrika. Liklanyelwe imisebenzi yokwakha, ukwakha izindlu, ezohwebo nezimboni, futhi lithandwa ngabathuthukisi bempahla, amaklayenti azimele nosonkontileka abasebenza emaphrojekthini azimele.

Izinkontileka eziyinhloko ze-JBCC:

Principal Building Agreement (PBA): inkontileka eyinhloko yemisebenzi yokwakha, ehloselwe amaphrojekthi ayinkimbinkimbi athatha ngaphezu kwezinyanga eziyisishiyagalolunye noma anenani lenkontileka elingaphezu kwe-R5 million
Minor Works Agreement: inkontileka eyenziwe lula yamaphrojekthi alula angadluli izinyanga eziyisishiyagalolunye futhi angadluli i-R5 million
Nominated/Selected Subcontract Agreement, Yokuphatha ama-subcontractor ngaphansi kwamaphrojekthi e-JBCC

Lapho i-JBCC isetshenziswa khona:

Ukuthuthukiswa kwezindlu okuzimele
Amaphrojekthi okwakha ezohwebo
Ukwakha kwezimboni
Amaphrojekthi okuthuthukiswa kwempahla
Ingqalasizinda yomkhakha ozimele (lapho kungaphoqwanga okunye)

Isabelo semakethe: I-JBCC ibusa imisebenzi yokwakha yomkhakha ozimele, nesabelo semakethe esilinganiselwa ku-60–70% emaphrojekthini okwakha azimele.

I-NEC: Izinga Lomkhakha Kahulumeni Nobunjiniyela

Iqoqo le-New Engineering Contract (NEC) liya lithandwa kakhulu emkhakheni kahulumeni waseNingizimu Afrika nasemaphrojekthini obunjiniyela. Ekuqaleni yakhiwa e-UK, i-NEC4 yamukelwe yizinkampani ezinkulu zikahulumeni (parastatals) zaseNingizimu Afrika nama-metro emisebenzini yengqalasizinda nobunjiniyela.

Izinkontileka eziyinhloko ze-NEC:

NEC4 Engineering and Construction Contract (ECC), Inkontileka eyinhloko yemisebenzi yobunjiniyela nokwakha
NEC4 Professional Services Contract (PSC), Yabeluleki nezinsizakalo zochwepheshe
NEC4 Term Service Contract, Yezinkontileka zokunakekela nezinsizakalo eziqhubekayo

Lapho i-NEC isetshenziswa khona:

Amaphrojekthi emigwaqo ye-SANRAL
Ingqalasizinda kagesi ye-Eskom
Amaphrojekthi ezitimela namachweba e-Transnet
Amaphrojekthi engqalasizinda yama-metro (City of Cape Town, City of Johannesburg)
Ingqalasizinda yamanzi (Rand Water, omasipala)
Amaphrojekthi obunjiniyela adinga ukusebenza ngokubambisana

Isabelo semakethe: I-NEC ikhula ngokushesha emkhakheni kahulumeni, ikakhulukazi emaphrojekthini engqalasizinda nobunjiniyela. Kulinganiselwa ukuthi imele u-20–30% wezinkontileka zomkhakha kahulumeni.

I-GCC: Izinga Likahulumeni

I-General Conditions of Contract for Construction Works (GCC) ishicilelwa yi-South African Institution of Civil Engineering (SAICE). Iminyango kazwelonke neyesifundazwe nomasipala abaningi bayicacisa emisebenzini kahulumeni, ikakhulukazi izinkontileka ze-civil nezobunjiniyela. I-cidb Standard for Uniformity in Construction Procurement iyibala phakathi kwamafomu ajwayelekile amaklayenti kahulumeni angawasebenzisa, eduze kwe-JBCC, NEC ne-FIDIC.

Izinguqulo eziyinhloko ze-GCC:

GCC 2015, inguqulo esabhalwe ezinkontilekeni eziningi zikahulumeni eziqhubekayo
GCC 2025, inguqulo entsha ye-SAICE eyethulwa ngo-2025, enemithetho eqinile ngemiyalelo ebhaliwe, izimangalo nenkokhelo ephuzile

Izitifiketi zenkokhelo ze-GCC ikakhulukazi ziyindaba kasonkontileka we-civil. Umkhiqizo wethu ongudadewabo i-Sakha uzihlanganisa ngokujulile: bona inqubo yesitifiketi senkokhelo se-GCC, izitifiketi zenkokhelo ze-GCC 2015 vs GCC 2025 nomhlahlandlela obanzi wesoftware ye-civil engineering eNingizimu Afrika.

Lapho i-GCC isetshenziswa khona:

Amaphrojekthi eminyango kahulumeni kazwelonke
Imisebenzi kahulumeni wesifundazwe
Amaphrojekthi omasipala (lapho kungasetshenziswa i-NEC)
Amaphrojekthi endabuko e-measure-and-value

Isabelo semakethe: I-GCC isabusa emaphrojekthini eminyango kahulumeni, imele cishe u-40–50% wezinkontileka zomkhakha kahulumeni, nakuba i-NEC ithatha indawo.

Ukuqhathanisa Okuningiliziwe: I-JBCC vs NEC vs GCC

Ukuqonda umehluko phakathi kwala mafomu enkontileka kukusiza ukhethe elifanele futhi ulisebenzise ngempumelelo. Nakhu ukuqhathanisa okuhlangothi nohlangothi kwezici ezibalulekile.

Izindlela Zenkokhelo

Inqubo Yenkokhelo ye-JBCC:

I-JBCC isebenzisa uhlelo lwendabuko lwesitifiketi senkokhelo yesikhashana. I-principal agent (umakhi wezakhiwo noma i-quantity surveyor) ikhipha izitifiketi zenkokhelo zesikhashana njalo ngenyanga, iqinisekisa umsebenzi oqediwe kuze kube manje. Izinkokhelo ngokuvamile:

Zikhishwa njalo ngenyanga ngokusekelwe emsebenzini oqediwe
Zifaka i-retention (ngokuvamile u-5–10%)
Zibala izinguquko nokulungiswa
Zikhokhwa zingakapheli izinsuku eziyi-14–21 kusukela ekukhishweni kwesitifiketi

Uhlelo lwenkokhelo lwe-JBCC luqondile kodwa lungahamba kancane uma izitifiketi zingakhishwa ngesikhathi. Osonkontileka bathembele ekukhishweni kwezitifiketi ngesikhathi ukuze imali igeleze.

Inqubo Yenkokhelo ye-NEC:

I-NEC isebenzisa uhlelo lwenkokhelo olusekelwe emisebenzini (activity) noma ku-target cost, kuye ngenketho yenkontileka ekhethiwe. Izinkokhelo ngokuvamile:

Zisekelwe emisebenzini eqediwe noma emaphesentini e-target cost
Zifaka uhlelo lwesexwayiso sakusenesikhathi sokweqa kwezindleko okungenzeka
Imijikelezo yenkokhelo evamile kakhulu (ngokuvamile njalo emasontweni amabili)
Indlela yokubambisana nobungozi okwabelwana ngabo

Uhlelo lwenkokhelo lwe-NEC luklanyelwe ukuba lusheshe futhi lubambisane kakhulu, nezinhlelo zezexwayiso zakusenesikhathi zisiza ukuvimbela izingxabano ngaphambi kokuba zikhule.

Inqubo Yenkokhelo ye-GCC:

I-GCC isebenzisa uhlelo lwendabuko lwenkokhelo lwe-measure-and-value, olufana ne-JBCC kodwa olunomehluko othile:

Izitifiketi zenkokhelo zenyanga ezisekelwe emsebenzini olinganisiwe
I-retention ngokuvamile u-5–10%
Inkokhelo zingakapheli izinsuku ezingama-30 kusukela esitifiketini (isikhathi eside kune-JBCC)
Inqubo yokulinganisa esemthethweni kakhulu

Izinkokhelo ze-GCC zingahamba kancane ngenxa yezidingo zokulinganisa ezisemthethweni nemibandela yenkokhelo emide.

Ukwabiwa Kobungozi

Ukwabiwa Kobungozi kwe-JBCC:

I-JBCC ilandela imodeli yendabuko yokwabiwa kobungozi:

Ubungozi bukasonkontileka: Umsebenzi, izinto zokwakha, ukubambezeleka kwesikhathi (ngaphandle uma kunezizathu ezamukelekayo), ukweqa kwezindleko
Ubungozi beklayenti: Amaphutha omklamo (uma iklayenti linikeza umklamo), i-force majeure, izimo zomhlabathi (uma zingadalulwanga)
Ubungozi okwabelwana ngabo: Izinguquko, ukubambezeleka okubangelwa yiklayenti noma yi-agent

I-JBCC ilinganisela kahle kodwa ingaba nokuphikisana uma kuvela izingxabano, njengoba ukwabiwa kobungozi kuvame ukuchazwa ngokuqinile.

Ukwabiwa Kobungozi kwe-NEC:

I-NEC isebenzisa indlela yokubambisana yokwabelana ngobungozi:

Uhlelo lwesexwayiso sakusenesikhathi, Zombili izinhlangothi kufanele zazise ngezinkinga ezingenzeka
Ama-compensation event, Izehlakalo ezichaziwe ezibangela ukulungiswa kwesikhathi nezindleko
Ubungozi okwabelwana ngabo, Ukugcizelela okukhulu ekuxazululeni izinkinga ngokubambisana
Ukucaca, Ukuxhumana okuvulekile nokwabelana ngobungozi okukhulu

I-NEC iklanyelwe ukunciphisa izingxabano ngesexwayiso sakusenesikhathi nokusebenza ngokubambisana, nakuba idinga ukuphathwa kwenkontileka okusebenzayo kakhulu. Emsebenzini we-civil nowengqalasizinda, ama-compensation event aqhuba iningi lezimangalo ze-NEC; umhlahlandlela we-Sakha wama-compensation event e-NEC eNingizimu Afrika uchaza izaziso nama-time bar.

Ukwabiwa Kobungozi kwe-GCC:

I-GCC ilandela imodeli yendabuko yobungozi obuthwalwa kakhulu ngusonkontileka:

Ubungozi bukasonkontileka: Iningi lobungozi bephrojekthi, kufaka phakathi izimo zomhlabathi, ukubambezeleka ngenxa yesimo sezulu, ukweqa kwezindleko
Ubungozi beklayenti: Bulinganiselwe, ikakhulukazi amaphutha omklamo ne-force majeure
Inqubo esemthethweni, Ukuchazwa okuqinile kwemibandela yenkontileka

I-GCC ivame ukwabela usonkontileka ubungozi obuningi, okungaba yinselele kosonkontileka kodwa kunikeze amaklayenti ukuqiniseka okukhulu.

Ukuxazululwa Kwezingxabano

Ukuxazululwa Kwezingxabano kwe-JBCC:

I-JBCC isebenzisa inqubo yendabuko yokuxazulula izingxabano:

Isinqumo se-Principal Agent, Isinqumo sokuqala se-principal agent
I-adjudication, Ingadlulisela izingxabano ku-adjudication
I-arbitration, Isixazululo sokugcina nge-arbitration
Ukumangalelana, Ingaqhubeka iye ezinkantolo uma i-arbitration yehluleka

Inqubo ingahamba kancane futhi ibe nokuphikisana, izingxabano zivame ukukhula ziye ku-arbitration noma emacaleni.

Ukuxazululwa Kwezingxabano kwe-NEC:

I-NEC inenqubo ehlelekile kakhulu yokuxazulula izingxabano:

Isexwayiso sakusenesikhathi, Izinkinga zihlonzwa kusenesikhathi ngohlelo lwesexwayiso
Isinqumo se-Project Manager, Isinqumo sokuqala se-project manager
I-adjudication, Izingxabano zidluliselwa ku-adjudication (esheshayo kune-arbitration)
I-arbitration/Ukumangalelana, Isixazululo sokugcina uma kudingeka

Uhlelo lwesexwayiso sakusenesikhathi lwe-NEC lusiza ukuvimbela izingxabano, futhi i-adjudication ngokuvamile isheshayo kune-arbitration.

Ukuxazululwa Kwezingxabano kwe-GCC:

I-GCC isebenzisa inqubo esemthethweni yokuxazulula izingxabano:

Isinqumo sikanjiniyela, Isinqumo sokuqala sikanjiniyela
I-Dispute Adjudication Board, Ingasebenzisa i-DAB ezingxabanweni
I-arbitration, Isixazululo sokugcina nge-arbitration
Ukumangalelana, Ingaqhubeka iye ezinkantolo

Inqubo ye-GCC isemthethweni futhi ingahamba kancane, izingxabano zivame ukudinga i-arbitration.

Izimo Ezijwayelekile Zokusetshenziswa

I-JBCC Ingcono Kakhulu:

Ekuthuthukisweni kwezindlu okuzimele
Emaphrojekthini okwakha ezohwebo
Ekuthuthukisweni kwempahla (kusukela ekwenzekeni kuya enikezelweni)
Emaphrojekthini lapho iklayenti lifuna inkontileka yendabuko eqondakala kahle
Emisebenzini yokwakha (hhayi ubunjiniyela/ingqalasizinda)
Emaphrojekthini anobubanzi obucacile nezinguquko ezimbalwa ezilindelekile

I-NEC Ingcono Kakhulu:

Emaphrojekthini engqalasizinda yomkhakha kahulumeni
Emisebenzini yobunjiniyela (imigwaqo, amabhuloho, ingqalasizinda yamanzi)
Emaphrojekthini adinga ukusebenza ngokubambisana
Emaphrojekthini ayinkimbinkimbi anamathuba amakhulu ezinguquko
Emaphrojekthini lapho isexwayiso sakusenesikhathi nokuphathwa kobungozi kubalulekile
Emaphrojekthini engqalasizinda yama-parastatal nama-metro

I-GCC Ingcono Kakhulu:

Emaphrojekthini eminyango kahulumeni (aphoqiwe)
Emaphrojekthini endabuko e-measure-and-value
Emaphrojekthini lapho kudingeka khona indlela esemthethweni, yendabuko
Emisebenzini yomkhakha kahulumeni ephoqwe yi-CIDB
Emaphrojekthini anobubanzi obucacile nobunzima obulinganiselwe
Engqalasizindeni kahulumeni lapho i-GCC icacisiwe

Izinhlobo Zamaphrojekthi

Izinhlobo Zamaphrojekthi e-JBCC:

Izindlu nezakhiwo zezindlu
Izakhiwo zamahhovisi ezohwebo
Izikhungo zokuthenga
Izindlu zokugcina zezimboni
Amaphrojekthi okuthuthukiswa kwempahla
Ukuvuselelwa kwezakhiwo nokufakwa kwangaphakathi

Izinhlobo Zamaphrojekthi e-NEC:

Ukwakhiwa nokuthuthukiswa kwemigwaqo
Ukwakhiwa kwamabhuloho
Ingqalasizinda yamanzi namanzi angcolile
Ingqalasizinda kagesi
Ingqalasizinda yezitimela
Ingqalasizinda yamachweba
Amaphrojekthi obunjiniyela adinga ukubambisana

Izinhlobo Zamaphrojekthi e-GCC:

Amaphrojekthi okwakha kahulumeni
Ingqalasizinda kamasipala
Ingqalasizinda yesifundazwe
Amaphrojekthi eminyango kazwelonke
Imisebenzi yokwakha yendabuko
Amaphrojekthi omkhakha kahulumeni alawulwa yi-CIDB

Ithebula Lokuqhathanisa: I-JBCC vs NEC vs GCC

Isici	JBCC	NEC	GCC
Ukusetshenziswa Okuyinhloko	Imisebenzi yokwakha yomkhakha ozimele	Ubunjiniyela/ingqalasizinda yomkhakha kahulumeni	Amaphrojekthi eminyango kahulumeni
Isabelo Semakethe	60–70% womkhakha ozimele	20–30% womkhakha kahulumeni	40–50% womkhakha kahulumeni
Ukuvama Kwenkokhelo	Izitifiketi zenyanga	Njalo emasontweni amabili (ngokuvamile)	Izitifiketi zenyanga
Imibandela Yenkokhelo	Izinsuku eziyi-14–21	Kuyahluka ngenketho	Izinsuku ezingama-30
Isisekelo Senkokhelo	Umsebenzi oqediwe (lump sum)	Imisebenzi/target cost	Measure and value
I-retention	5–10% ngokujwayelekile	Kuyahluka ngenketho	5–10% ngokujwayelekile
Ukwabiwa Kobungozi	Okwendabuko okulinganiselayo	Ukubambisana/okwabelwana ngakho	Kuthwalwa kakhulu ngusonkontileka
Ukuxazululwa Kwezingxabano	I-adjudication → I-arbitration	Isexwayiso sakusenesikhathi → I-adjudication	I-DAB → I-arbitration
Inqubo Yezinguquko	Ama-variation order asemthethweni	Ama-compensation event	Ama-variation order asemthethweni
Uhlelo Lwesexwayiso Sakusenesikhathi	Cha	Yebo (luyimpoqo)	Cha
Indlela Yokubambisana	Okuphakathi	Okuphezulu	Okuphansi
Ubunzima	Okuphakathi	Okuphezulu	Okuphakathi
Inani Lephrojekthi Elijwayelekile	R500K – R100M+	R10M – R1B+	R1M – R500M+
Ingcono Kakhulu Ku	Amaphrojekthi okwakha azimele	Ingqalasizinda/ubunjiniyela bukahulumeni	Imisebenzi yeminyango kahulumeni
Ukuphathwa Kwenkontileka	I-Principal Agent	I-Project Manager	Unjiniyela
Ukwelulwa Kwesikhathi	Ukubambezeleka okunezizathu ezamukelekayo	Ama-compensation event	Izimangalo zokwelulwa kwesikhathi

Nini Ukusebenzisa Iyiphi Inkontileka

Sebenzisa i-JBCC Uma:

Usebenza emkhakheni ozimele, I-JBCC yizinga lemisebenzi yokwakha ezimele
Iphrojekthi yakho iyiphrojekthi yokwakha, Izakhiwo zezindlu, ezohwebo noma zezimboni
Ufuna inkontileka eqondakala kahle, I-JBCC yaziwa ngosonkontileka abaningi baseNingizimu Afrika
Iklayenti lakho lithanda indlela yendabuko, Amaklayenti amaningi azimele akhululekile nge-JBCC
Wenza ukuthuthukiswa kwempahla, I-JBCC isebenza kahle emaphrojekthini okuthuthukisa
Ububanzi bephrojekthi bucace ngokwanele, I-JBCC isebenza kangcono uma izinguquko zimbalwa

Amaphrojekthi esibonelo: Ukuthuthukiswa kwe-estate yezindlu, isakhiwo sehhovisi lezohwebo, isikhungo sokuthenga, ukwakhiwa kwendlu yokugcina.

Sebenzisa i-NEC Uma:

Usebenzela ama-parastatal noma ama-metro, I-SANRAL, i-Eskom, i-Transnet, i-City of Cape Town, i-City of Johannesburg kuvame ukuphoqa i-NEC
Iphrojekthi yakho iyingqalasizinda noma ubunjiniyela, Imigwaqo, amabhuloho, ingqalasizinda yamanzi, amaphrojekthi kagesi
Udinga ukusebenza ngokubambisana, Uhlelo lwesexwayiso sakusenesikhathi lwe-NEC lukhuthaza ukubambisana
Iphrojekthi yakho inamathuba amakhulu ezinguquko, I-NEC iphatha izinguquko ngama-compensation event
Ufuna izinkokhelo ezisheshayo, Imijikelezo yenkokhelo ye-NEC ivame ukuba miningi
Ukuphathwa kobungozi kubalulekile, Uhlelo lwesexwayiso sakusenesikhathi lwe-NEC lusiza ukuphatha ubungozi kusengaphambili

Amaphrojekthi esibonelo: Ukuthuthukiswa komgwaqo we-SANRAL, isiteshi esincane se-Eskom, ingqalasizinda yamanzi ye-metro, ingqalasizinda yezitimela.

Sebenzisa i-GCC Uma:

Usebenzela iminyango kahulumeni, I-GCC ivame ukuphoqwa emaphrojekthini kahulumeni kazwelonke/wesifundazwe
Iphrojekthi yakho ilawulwa yi-CIDB, I-GCC iyadingeka emaphrojekthini amaningi e-CIDB
Wenza umsebenzi wendabuko we-measure-and-value, I-GCC ifanele amaphrojekthi endabuko okulinganisa
Iklayenti lakho licacisa i-GCC, Amanye amaklayenti aphoqa i-GCC ukuze kube nokuvumelana
Ukhululekile ngobungozi obuthwalwa kakhulu ngusonkontileka, I-GCC yabela osonkontileka ubungozi obuningi
Kudingeka izinqubo ezisemthethweni, I-GCC inikeza ukuphathwa kwenkontileka okusemthethweni, kwendabuko

Amaphrojekthi esibonelo: Iphrojekthi yokwakha kahulumeni, ingqalasizinda kamasipala, imisebenzi yemigwaqo yesifundazwe, ukwakha komnyango kazwelonke.

Izitifiketi Zenkokhelo Ngaphansi Kohlobo Ngalunye Lwenkontileka

Ukuqonda ukuthi izitifiketi zenkokhelo zisebenza kanjani ngaphansi kwefomu ngalinye lenkontileka kubalulekile ekugelezeni kwemali. Ngezinyathelo eziqondene ne-JBCC, bona umhlahlandlela wethu wesitifiketi senkokhelo se-JBCC. Ngokubuka okubanzi, bona izitifiketi zenkokhelo yenqubekelaphambili eNingizimu Afrika. Ngezansi yindlela uhlelo ngalunye oluphatha ngayo ukuqinisekisa.

Izitifiketi Zenkokhelo ze-JBCC

Inqubo:

Isilinganiso senyanga, Usonkontileka uthumela isimangalo senyanga somsebenzi oqediwe
Ukuhlola kwe-Principal Agent, I-Principal Agent (umakhi wezakhiwo noma i-QS) ihlola umsebenzi futhi ikhiphe i-Interim Payment Certificate (IPC)
Okuqukethwe yisitifiketi, I-IPC ifaka:
- Umsebenzi oqediwe kuze kube manje
- Izinto zokwakha ezisesizeni
- Ukudonswa kwe-retention (ngokuvamile u-5–10%)
- Izinkokhelo zangaphambilini
- Inani elifanele elingenalutho
Inkokhelo, Iklayenti likhokha zingakapheli izinsuku eziyi-14–21 kusukela ekukhishweni kwesitifiketi
Isitifiketi sokugcina, Ngemva kokuqedwa okungokoqobo, kukhishwa i-Final Payment Certificate

Izici ezibalulekile:

Izitifiketi zikhishwa njalo ngenyanga
I-retention ikhululwa ngezigaba (uhhafu ekuqedweni okungokoqobo, uhhafu ekupheleni kwesikhathi sesibopho samaphutha)
Izinguquko zifakwa ezitifiketini uma sezivunyiwe
Imibandela yenkokhelo: izinsuku eziyi-14–21 kusukela ekukhishweni kwesitifiketi

Izinselele:

Ukubambezeleka uma i-Principal Agent ingakhiphi izitifiketi ngesikhathi
Izingxabano ngesilinganiso zingabambezela izinkokhelo
I-retention ingavalela imali eningi

Izitifiketi Zenkokhelo ze-NEC

Inqubo:

Ukuqedwa komsebenzi, Usonkontileka uqeda imisebenzi (noma afinyelele ezigabeni ze-target cost)
Ukuhlola kwe-Project Manager, I-Project Manager ihlola umsebenzi oqediwe
Isitifiketi senkokhelo, I-Project Manager ikhipha isitifiketi senkokhelo (ngokuvamile njalo emasontweni amabili)
Okuqukethwe yisitifiketi, Kufaka:
- Inani lemisebenzi eqediwe
- Iphesenti le-target cost (uma kungu-Option C/D)
- I-retention (uma isebenza)
- Izinkokhelo zangaphambilini
- Inani elifanele elingenalutho
Inkokhelo, Iklayenti likhokha ngaphakathi kwesikhathi senkokhelo esishiwo enkontilekeni
I-akhawunti yokugcina, I-akhawunti yokugcina ilungiswa ngemva kokuqedwa

Izici ezibalulekile:

Imijikelezo yenkokhelo evamile kakhulu (ngokuvamile njalo emasontweni amabili)
Isisekelo semisebenzi noma se-target cost
Uhlelo lwesexwayiso sakusenesikhathi lusiza ukuvimbela izingxabano zenkokhelo
Indlela yokubambisana inciphisa ukubambezeleka

Izinselele:

Kunzima kakhulu ukukuphatha (kudinga ukulandelelwa kwemisebenzi)
Kudinga ukubamba iqhaza okusebenzayo kwe-Project Manager
Izinketho ze-target cost zidinga ukulandelelwa kwezindleko

Izitifiketi Zenkokhelo ze-GCC

Inqubo:

Ukulinganisa kwenyanga, Unjiniyela ulinganisa umsebenzi oqediwe phakathi nenyanga
Isitifiketi sikanjiniyela, Unjiniyela ukhipha isitifiketi senkokhelo senyanga
Okuqukethwe yisitifiketi, Kufaka:
- Inani lomsebenzi olinganisiwe
- Izinto zokwakha ezisesizeni
- Ukudonswa kwe-retention (ngokuvamile u-5–10%)
- Izinkokhelo zangaphambilini
- Inani elifanele elingenalutho
Inkokhelo, Iklayenti likhokha zingakapheli izinsuku ezingama-30 kusukela ekukhishweni kwesitifiketi
Isitifiketi sokugcina, Ngemva kokuqedwa, kukhishwa i-Final Payment Certificate

Izici ezibalulekile:

Inqubo yokulinganisa esemthethweni
Izitifiketi zenyanga
I-retention ikhululwa ngezigaba
Imibandela yenkokhelo: izinsuku ezingama-30 (isikhathi eside kune-JBCC)

Izinselele:

Imibandela yenkokhelo ehamba kancane (izinsuku ezingama-30)
Ukulinganisa okusemthethweni kungadla isikhathi
Izingxabano ngokulinganisa zingabambezela izinkokhelo

Kungani Amaspredishithi Namathuluzi Angaxhunyiwe Ehluleka

Ukuphatha izinkontileka ze-JBCC, NEC ne-GCC ngamaspredishithi nesoftware ejwayelekile ye-accounting kudala ubungozi obugwemekayo. Inkontileka ngayinye inamafomethi ahlukene ezitifiketi, imibandela yenkokhelo nemithetho yezinguquko noma yama-compensation event. Ukuphatha amaphrojekthi amaningi kuzo zonke izinhlobo zezinkontileka ku-Excel kuholela emaphutheni amafomula, ezinsukwini eziphuthiwe zokukhululwa kwe-retention nasezitifiketini ezingahambisani nezidingo zenkontileka. Amathuluzi esoftware yokwakha yase-US noma yaseYurophu awavamile ukusekela amafomu enkontileka aseNingizimu Afrika ngokwemvelo; acabanga izakhiwo zenkokhelo namagama ahlukene. Kosonkontileka nabathuthukisi abaqhuba kokubili umsebenzi ozimele (JBCC) nokahulumeni (NEC noma GCC), uhlelo olulodwa lwesoftware oluqonda zonke izinhlobo ezintathu zezinkontileka lunciphisa amaphutha futhi lugcina ukugeleza kwemali kubonakala.

Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa

Ngingasebenzisa i-JBCC ephrojekthini kahulumeni?

Ngokuvamile, cha. Amaphrojekthi kahulumeni ngokujwayelekile aphoqa i-NEC (yama-parastatal nama-metro) noma i-GCC (yeminyango kahulumeni). Kodwa-ke, amanye amaphrojekthi amancane kahulumeni noma amaphrojekthi anezidingo ezithile angavumela i-JBCC. Njalo hlola imibhalo yethenda, izocacisa ifomu lenkontileka elidingekayo.

Uyini umehluko phakathi kwe-JBCC Principal Building Agreement ne-Minor Works Agreement?

I-Principal Building Agreement (PBA) yinkontileka ephelele ye-JBCC, ehloselwe amaphrojekthi ayinkimbinkimbi athatha ngaphezu kwezinyanga eziyisishiyagalolunye noma anenani lenkontileka elingaphezu kwe-R5 million. Ifaka izinhlinzeko eziphelele zezinguquko, ukwelulwa kwesikhathi nokuxazululwa kwezingxabano. I-Minor Works Agreement yinguqulo eyenziwe lula yamaphrojekthi alula angadluli izinyanga eziyisishiyagalolunye futhi angadluli i-R5 million, enezinqubo ezilula, engenawo umthwalo womklamo kusonkontileka futhi engenawo ama-subcontractor e-nominated noma e-selected.

Kungani ama-parastatal ethanda i-NEC kune-GCC?

Ama-parastatal afana ne-SANRAL, i-Eskom ne-Transnet athanda i-NEC ngoba:

Indlela yokubambisana, Uhlelo lwesexwayiso sakusenesikhathi lwe-NEC lukhuthaza ukubambisana futhi lunciphise izingxabano
Ukuphathwa kobungozi okungcono, Uhlelo lwesexwayiso sakusenesikhathi lusiza ukuhlonza nokuphatha ubungozi kusengaphambili
Izinkokhelo ezisheshayo, Imijikelezo yenkokhelo evamile ithuthukisa ukugeleza kwemali kosonkontileka
Izinga lomhlaba, I-NEC isetshenziswa emhlabeni wonke, inikeza ukuvumelana kosonkontileka bamazwe ngamazwe
Ukuguquguquka, I-NEC inikeza izinketho eziningi zenkontileka (lump sum, target cost, cost reimbursable) ukuze zifanele izinhlobo ezahlukene zamaphrojekthi

Ngingashintsha amafomu enkontileka phakathi nephrojekthi?

Cha. Uma inkontileka isisayiniwe, uboshwe yileyo fomu lenkontileka isikhathi sonke sephrojekthi. Ukushintsha amafomu enkontileka phakathi nephrojekthi kungadinga ukunqamula inkontileka ekhona nokungena kwentsha, okungavamile ukusebenza noma ukwelulekwa. Khetha ifomu lakho lenkontileka ngokucophelela ekuqaleni kwephrojekthi.

Ngazi kanjani ukuthi yiliphi ifomu lenkontileka okufanele ngilisebenzise?

Ifomu lenkontileka ngokuvamile licaciswa emibhalweni yethenda noma ku-project brief. Ekwakheni komkhakha ozimele, i-JBCC iyizinga; engqalasizindeni yomkhakha kahulumeni, hlola ukuthi iklayenti liphoqa i-NEC noma i-GCC. Uma ungaqiniseki, xhumana nommeli wezomthetho wokwakha noma i-quantity surveyor ejwayele amafomu enkontileka aseNingizimu Afrika.

Kwenzekani uma ngisebenzisa ifomu lenkontileka elingalungile?

Ukusebenzisa ifomu lenkontileka elingalungile kungaba nemiphumela emibi:

Ukukhishwa ethendeni, Amathenda kahulumeni avame ukukhipha amabhidi angasebenzisi ifomu lenkontileka elicacisiwe
Ukubambezeleka kwezinkokhelo, Ifomu lenkontileka elingalungile lingadala ukudideka nokubambezeleka kwezinkokhelo
Ubungozi bezingxabano, Amafomu enkontileka abela ubungozi ngendlela ehlukile, ukusebenzisa elingalungile kungakushiya usengozini
Izinkinga zokuhambisana, Amaklayenti kahulumeni abeka ifomu lenkontileka kudatha yethenda, futhi ibhidi ngemibandela ehlukile ingaba engaphenduli (non-responsive)

Njalo sebenzisa ifomu lenkontileka elicacisiwe emibhalweni yethenda noma esivumelwaneni sephrojekthi.

Ingabe i-Wakha isekela wonke amafomu amathathu enkontileka?

Yebo. I-Wakha isekela ukukhiqizwa kwezitifiketi zenkokhelo ze-JBCC, NEC ne-GCC, ukuphathwa kwezinguquko nokugeleza komsebenzi kokuphathwa kwenkontileka ohlelweni olulodwa, namafomethi ezitifiketi aqondene nenkontileka ngayinye.

Isiphetho

Ukukhetha ifomu lenkontileka elifanele, i-JBCC vs NEC vs GCC, kubalulekile ekulethweni kwamaphrojekthi eNingizimu Afrika. I-JBCC ibusa ukwakha komkhakha ozimele; i-NEC ikhula engqalasizindeni nobunjiniyela bukahulumeni; i-GCC isaqhubeka iyifomu elijwayelekile lemisebenzi ye-civil yeminyango kahulumeni nekamasipala. Ngayinye yabela ubungozi nezinqubo zenkokhelo ngendlela ehlukile. Ukufanisa inkontileka nephrojekthi neklayenti kugwema ukubambezeleka kwezinkokhelo, izingxabano nokukhishwa ethendeni.

Phatha izitifiketi zenkokhelo ze-JBCC, NEC ne-GCC, i-retention nezinguquko ohlelweni olulodwa lwesoftware olwakhelwe ukwakha kwaseNingizimu Afrika. Bona ukuthi i-Wakha isekela kanjani zonke izinhlobo ezintathu zezinkontileka.

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