JBCC vs NEC vs GCC: Yiphi Elungele Iphrojekthi ye-SA?

Ukukhetha ifomu lekhontrakthi elingakalungi, kungakufaka engozini yokulibaziseka kweentlawulo, ama-certificate aphikiswanako, nokukhutjhwa ethandeni. ESewula Afrika, kuneenqhema ezintathu ezikulu zeenkhontrakthi: i-JBCC (Joint Building Contracts Committee), i-NEC (New Engineering Contract), ne-GCC (General Conditions of Contract). Ngayinye isebenza eenkhaleni ezihlukileko, yabela ubungozi ngendlela ehlukileko, begodu isebenzisa neendlela zokukhokha ezehlukileko. Abanengi abo-contrator nabathuthukisi bagcina sebaphikiswana, bathole iintlawulo ezilibazisekileko, begodu badlule nezindleko ngombana ifomu lekhontrakthi belingahambisani nephrojekthi namkha neklayenti.

Umhlahlandlela lo ufanisa JBCC vs NEC vs GCC contracts esimeni seSewula Afrika: nini usebenzise ngayinye, ama-payment certificate nama-variation asebenza njani ngaphasi kwesistimu ngayinye, nokuthi ungayiphatha njani ikhontrakthi ngaphandle kokutshona kuma-spreadsheet.

Kubayini Ukukhethwa Kwefomu Lekhontrakthi Kuqakathekile

Ifomu lekhontrakthi olikhethako libeka isisekelo sokuthi iphrojekthi yakho izokuphathwa njani, iingxabano zizararulwa njani, nokuthi iintlawulo zizokugeleza njani. Nawukhetha okungakalungi, uzokuhlangabezana nalokhu:

Ukulibaziseka kweentlawulo, Iinkhontrakthi ezihlukileko zinemigudu ehlukileko yama-payment certificate. Ifomu elingakalungi lidala ukudideka nokulibaziseka.
Ukwenyuka kweengxabano, Ikhontrakthi ngayinye inomgudu wayo wokurarulula iingxabano. Eminye iyalwa khulu, eminye isebenza ngokubambisana.
Ukwabiwa kobungozi okungakalungi, Iinkhontrakthi zabela ubungozi ngokuhlukileko. Ukusebenzisa ikhontrakthi engahambisani nohlobo lwephrojekthi kungakutjhiyela uvulekile.
Iinkinga zokuthobela, Amaphrojekthi wombuso avamise ukufuna iifomu ezithileko zeenkhontrakthi. Ifomu engakalungi ingakukhupha ethandeni.

ESewula Afrika, ukukhetha ikhontrakthi akusikho nje ukuthanda, kuvamise ukulawulwa luhlobo lwephrojekthi, umkhakha weklayenti, nefuneko zomthetho. Ukwazi lezimiso kukusiza ukhethe ikhontrakthi efaneleko bewuyiphathe kuhle.

Ukubukelwa Kwencazelo Yeenkhontrakthi Zokwakha eSewula Afrika

Ngaphambi kokungena ekufaniseni okunzulu, nantsi i-overview etjhatjhalaziweko yeqembu ngalinye lekhontrakthi nokuthi lisetjenziswa kuphi emakethe yokwakha yeSewula Afrika.

JBCC: Izinga Lomkhakha Wangeqadi

Iqembu lekhontrakthi le-Joint Building Contracts Committee (JBCC) ngilo elisetjenziswa khulu eSewula Afrika emkhakheni wangeqadi (private sector). Lenzelwe imisebenzi yokwakha, amakhaya, ezentengiselwano, neyezimboni, begodu lithandwa batjhugululi bepropati, amaklayenti wangasese, naba-contrator abasebenza kumaphrojekthi wangasese.

Ama-kontrakthi amakhulu e-JBCC:

Principal Building Agreement (PBA), Ikhontrakthi enkulu yemisebenzi yokwakha, eyakhelwe amaphrojekthi amakhulu abamba isikhathi esingaphezu kwezinyanga ezi-9 nofana anenani lekhontrakthi elingaphezu kwe-R5 million
Minor Works Agreement, Ikhontrakthi elula yamaphrojekthi wesimo esilula angadluli ezinyangeni ezi-9 nekhulu lawo lingakadluli i-R5 million
Nominated/Selected Subcontract Agreement, Yokuphatha ama-subcontractor ngaphasi kwamaphrojekthi we-JBCC

Lapho i-JBCC isetjenziswa khona:

Ukuthuthukiswa kwamakhaya wangasese
Amaphrojekthi wezakhiwo zezebhizinisi
Ukwakha kwezimboni
Amaphrojekthi wokuthuthukisa ipropati
I-infrastructure yangasese (lapho kungakafunwa enye ifomu)

Isabelo semakethe: I-JBCC ibusa imisebenzi yokwakha yangasese, nge-market share elinganiselwa ku-60–70% kumaphrojekthi wokwakha wangasese.

NEC: Izinga Lomkhakha Kahulumende Nobunjiniyela

Iqembu le-New Engineering Contract (NEC) liya liqine emkhakheni wombuso eSewula Afrika nakumaphrojekthi wobunjiniyela. Nanyana laqalwa e-UK, i-NEC4 seyemukelwe ziinkhamphani zombuso (parastatals) namamasipala amakhulu emisebenzini ye-infrastructure nobunjiniyela.

Ama-kontrakthi amakhulu e-NEC:

NEC4 Engineering and Construction Contract (ECC), Ikhontrakthi enkulu yemisebenzi yobunjiniyela nokwakha
NEC4 Professional Services Contract (PSC), Yabacebisi nemisebenzi yobungcweti
NEC4 Term Service Contract, Yemisebenzi eqhubekako yokugcinwa nokusevisa

Lapho i-NEC isetjenziswa khona:

Amaphrojekthi wemigwaqo ye-SANRAL
I-infrastructure yamandla ka-Eskom
Amaphrojekthi wesitimela namachweba we-Transnet
Amaphrojekthi we-infrastructure kamasipala (City of Cape Town, City of Johannesburg)
I-infrastructure yamanzi (Rand Water, omasipala)
Amaphrojekthi wobunjiniyela adinga ukusebenza ngokubambisana

Isabelo semakethe: I-NEC ikhula msinya emkhakheni wombuso, khulukhulu kumaphrojekthi we-infrastructure nobunjiniyela. Ilinganiselwa ku-20–30% yamakontrakthi wombuso.

GCC: Izinga Likahulumende

I-General Conditions of Contract for Construction Works (GCC) ishicilelwa yi-South African Institution of Civil Engineering (SAICE). Iminyango kazwelonke neyephrovinsi kanye nabomasipala abanengi bayicacisa emisebenzini yomphakathi, khulukhulu eenkontraktheni ze-civil nezobunjiniyela. I-cidb Standard for Uniformity in Construction Procurement iyibala hlangana namafomu ajayelekileko amaklayenti womphakathi angawasebenzisa, eduze kwe-JBCC, i-NEC ne-FIDIC.

Iinhlelo ezikhulu ze-GCC:

GCC 2015, uhlelo olusatlolwe eenkontraktheni ezinengi zomphakathi ezisasebenzako
GCC 2025, uhlelo olutjha lwe-SAICE olwethulwe ngo-2025, olunemithetho eqinileko ngeenkhombandlela ezitloliweko, iimangalo neenkokhelo ezifika sekudlulile

Iisitifiketi zenkokhelo ze-GCC zikhathaza khulu umakhi we-civil. Umkhiqizo wethu odadwethu i-Sakha uzihlathulula ngokuzeleko: bona inqubo yesitifiketi senkokhelo se-GCC, iisitifiketi zenkokhelo ze-GCC 2015 vs GCC 2025 kanye negayidi ebanzi yesoftware ye-civil engineering eSewula Afrika.

Lapho i-GCC isetjenziswa khona:

Amaphrojekthi weminyango kahulumende kazwelonke
Imisebenzi kahulumende wephrovinsi
Amaphrojekthi kamasipala (lapho kungasetjenziswa i-NEC)
Amaphrojekthi ajayelekileko we-measure-and-value

Isabelo semakethe: I-GCC isabusa emaphrojekthini weminyango kahulumende, ilinganiselwa ku-40–50% yamakontrakthi wombuso, nanyana i-NEC ikhula.

Ukufaniswa Okunzulu: JBCC vs NEC vs GCC

Ukuqonda umehluko hlangana nalezi zinhlobo zeenkhontrakthi kukusiza ukhethe efaneleko bewuyiphathe kuhle. Nantsi i-side-by-side comparison yezinto eziqakathekileko.

Iindlela Zokukhokha

Inqubo Yokukhokha ye-JBCC:

I-JBCC isebenzisa isistimu yesintu yama-interim payment certificate. I-principal agent (architect namkha quantity surveyor) ikhupha ama-interim payment certificate nyanga zoke, iqinisekise umsebenzi ophelileko kufika lapho. Iintlawulo zivamise:

Ukukhutjhwa nyanga zoke ngokomsebenzi ophelileko
Ukufaka i-retention (imvamisa 5–10%)
Ukubala ama-variation nokulungiswa
Ukukhokhwa hlangana neentsuku eziyi-14–21 kusukela i-certificate ikhishiwe

Isistimu yokukhokha ye-JBCC icacile kodwana ingabalibaziseka nange ama-certificate angakhutjhwa ngesikhathi. Aba-contrator bathembele ekukhutjhweni ngesikhathi ukuze i-cash flow ihlale iphila.

Inqubo Yokukhokha ye-NEC:

I-NEC isebenzisa i-activity-based namkha i-target cost payment system, kuya nge-option yekhontrakthi ekhethiweko. Iintlawulo zivamise:

Ukususelwa emisebenzini ephelileko namkha iphesenti le-target cost
Ukufaka i-early warning system yokubona ukubhebhetheka kwezindleko kusenesikhathi
Imijikelezo yokukhokha ejayelekileko (kanengi ma-bi-weekly)
Indlela yokubambisana enokwabelana ngobungozi

Isistimu yokukhokha ye-NEC yakhelwe ukuthi itjheshe begodu ibambisane, i-early warning system isize ukuvikela iingxabano zingakabi zimbi.

Inqubo Yokukhokha ye-GCC:

I-GCC isebenzisa isistimu yesintu ye-measure-and-value, efana ne-JBCC kodwana inehluko elithile:

Ama-payment certificate wenyanga asuselwa emsebenzini olinganisiweko
I-retention imvamisa 5–10%
Ukukhokha hlangana neentsuku ezima-30 ze-certificate (inde ukudlula i-JBCC)
Inqubo yokulinganisa esemthethweni khulu

Iintlawulo ze-GCC zingabalibaziseka ngombana inqubo yokulinganisa isemthethweni begodu nemigomo yokukhokha mide.

Ukwabiwa Kobungozi

Ukwabiwa Kobungozi kwe-JBCC:

I-JBCC ilandela indlela yesintu yokwaba ubungozi:

Ubungozi bomkontraki: Ikhwalithi yomsebenzi, izinto zokwakha, ukulibaziseka kwesikhathi (ngaphandle kwalapho kwamukelekile), ukudlula kwezindleko
Ubungozi beklayenti: Amaphoso we-design (nange i-design ivela eklayentini), force majeure, isimo somhlabathi (nasingakavezwa)
Ubungozi obwabelwanako: Ama-variation, ukulibaziseka okubangelwe yiklayenti namkha i-agent

I-JBCC ilingene ngandlela thize kodwana ingaba yindlela yokulwa nakuvela iingxabano, ngombana ukwabiwa kobungozi kutolikwa ngokuqinileko.

Ukwabiwa Kobungozi kwe-NEC:

I-NEC isebenzisa indlela yokubambisana ekwabelaneni ngobungozi:

Isistimu ye-early warning, Izinhlangothi zombili kumele zazise ngeenkinga ezingaba khona
Compensation events, Izehlakalo ezichaziweko ezivusa ukulungiswa kwesikhathi nezindleko
Ubungozi obwabelwanako, Kugcizelelwa khulu ukurarulula iingqinamba ngokubambisana
Ukuvuleka (transparency), Ukukhulumisana okuvulekileko nokwabelana ngobungozi

I-NEC yakhelwe ukwehlisa iingxabano nge-early warning nokusebenza ngokubambisana, nanyana ifuna ukuphathwa kwekhontrakthi okusebenzako. Emsebenzini we-civil ne-infrastructure, ama-compensation event aqhuba iimangalo ezinengi ze-NEC; igayidi ye-Sakha nge-NEC compensation events eSewula Afrika ihlathulula iimbiko (notices) nemikhawulo yesikhathi (time bars).

Ukwabiwa Kobungozi kwe-GCC:

I-GCC ilandela indlela yesintu enobungozi obunengi kum-contrator:

Ubungozi bomkontraki: Ubungozi obunengi bephrojekthi, kuhlanganise nomhlabathi, ukulibaziseka kwesimo sezulu, nokudlula kwezindleko
Ubungozi beklayenti: Buncani, ikakhulukazi amaphoso we-design ne-force majeure
Inqubo esemthethweni, Ukutolikwa okuqinileko kwemigomo yekhontrakthi

I-GCC ivamise ukubeka ubungozi obunengi ku-contrator, okwenza kube lukhuni kubo-contrator kodwana kunikela iklayenti ukuqiniseka.

Ukurarululwa Kweengxabano

Ukurarululwa Kweengxabano kwe-JBCC:

I-JBCC isebenzisa indlela yesintu yokurarulula iingxabano:

Isiqunto se-Principal Agent, Isiqunto sokuqala senziwa yi-principal agent
Adjudication, Iingxabano zingadluliselwa ku-adjudication
Arbitration, Ukurarululwa kokugcina nge-arbitration
Litigation, Kungaya eenkantolo nange i-arbitration ihluleka

Inqubo ingacotha begodu ibe yokulwa, iingxabano zivame ukukhuphukela ku-arbitration namkha litigation.

Ukurarululwa Kweengxabano kwe-NEC:

I-NEC inendlela ehleleke kuhle yokurarulula iingxabano:

Early warning, Iinkinga zibonwa kusenesikhathi nge-warning system
Isiqunto se-Project Manager, Isiqunto sokuqala senziwa yi-project manager
Adjudication, Iingxabano zidluliselwa ku-adjudication (itjhesha ukudlula i-arbitration)
Arbitration/Litigation, Ukurarululwa kokugcina nange kudingeka

I-early warning system ye-NEC isiza ukuvikela iingxabano, begodu i-adjudication ivamise ukuba msinya kune-arbitration.

Ukurarululwa Kweengxabano kwe-GCC:

I-GCC isebenzisa indlela esemthethweni yokurarulula iingxabano:

Isiqunto se-Engineer, Isiqunto sokuqala senziwa yinjinela
Dispute Adjudication Board, Kungasetjenziswa i-DAB ngeengxabano
Arbitration, Ukurarululwa kokugcina nge-arbitration
Litigation, Kungaya eenkantolo

Inqubo ye-GCC isemthethweni begodu ingacotha, iingxabano zivame ukufuna i-arbitration.

Iimo Ezijayelekileko Zokusetjenziswa

I-JBCC Ifanele:

Amaphrojekthi wokuthuthukisa amakhaya wangasese
Amaphrojekthi wezakhiwo zezebhizinisi
Ukuthuthukiswa kwepropati (kusukela feasibility kuya handover)
Amaphrojekthi lapho iklayenti lifuna ikhontrakthi yesintu, eyaziwako
Imisebenzi yokwakha (hhayi ubunjiniyela/i-infrastructure)
Amaphrojekthi anescope ecacileko begodu kulindeleke ama-variation ambalwa

I-NEC Ifanele:

Amaphrojekthi we-infrastructure wombuso
Imisebenzi yobunjiniyela (imigwaqo, amabhriji, i-infrastructure yamanzi)
Amaphrojekthi adinga ukusebenza ngokubambisana
Amaphrojekthi ayinkimbinkimbi anobungozi obuphezulu bama-variation
Amaphrojekthi lapho i-early warning nokuphathwa kobungozi kuqakathekile
Amaphrojekthi we-infrastructure e-parastatal namamasipala

I-GCC Ifanele:

Amaphrojekthi weminyango kahulumende (afunwako)
Amaphrojekthi ajayelekileko we-measure-and-value
Amaphrojekthi lapho indlela esemthethweni yesintu ifuneka
Imisebenzi yombuso efunwa yi-CIDB
Amaphrojekthi anescope ecacileko nobunzima obuphasi
I-infrastructure kahulumende lapho i-GCC icacisiweko

Iinhlobo Zamaphrojekthi

Iinhlobo Zamaphrojekthi ze-JBCC:

Izindlu zokuhlala namacomplex
Izakhiwo zama-ofisi wezebhizinisi
Ama-retail centre
Ama-warehouse wezimboni
Amaphrojekthi wokuthuthukiswa kwepropati
Ukuvuselelwa kwezakhiwo nama-fit-out

Iinhlobo Zamaphrojekthi ze-NEC:

Ukwakhiwa nokuthuthukiswa kwemigwaqo
Ukwakhiwa kwamabhriji
I-infrastructure yamanzi newastewater
I-infrastructure yamandla
I-infrastructure yesitimela
I-infrastructure yamachweba
Amaphrojekthi wobunjiniyela adinga ukubambisana

Iinhlobo Zamaphrojekthi ze-GCC:

Amaphrojekthi wokwakha kahulumende
I-infrastructure kamasipala
I-infrastructure yephrovinsi
Amaphrojekthi weminyango kazwelonke
Imisebenzi yokwakha yesintu
Amaphrojekthi wombuso alawulwa yi-CIDB

Ithebula Yokufaniswa: JBCC vs NEC vs GCC

Uphawu	JBCC	NEC	GCC
Ukusetjenziswa Okuyihloko	Imisebenzi yokwakha yomkhakha wangeqadi	Ubunjiniyela/i-infrastructure yomkhakha kahulumende	Amaphrojekthi weminyango kahulumende
Isabelo Semakethe	60–70% womkhakha wangeqadi	20–30% womkhakha kahulumende	40–50% womkhakha kahulumende
Ukuvama Kweentlawulo	Ama-certificate wenyanga	Amaviki amabili (kanengi)	Ama-certificate wenyanga
Iimgomo Zokukhokha	Iintsuku ezi-14–21	Kuya ngokukhethwako	Iintsuku ezima-30
Isisekelo Sokukhokha	Umsebenzi ophelileko (lump sum)	Imisebenzi/target cost	Ukulinganiswa nokubalwa
Retention	5–10% imvamisa	Kuya ngokukhethwako	5–10% imvamisa
Ukwabiwa Kobungozi	Kwesintu okulinganiselweko	Kokubambisana/okwabelwanako	Okusinda emkontrakini
Ukurarululwa Kweengxabano	Adjudication → Arbitration	Early warning → Adjudication	DAB → Arbitration
Inqubo Yama-Variation	Iinqubo ezisemthethweni zama-variation	Compensation events	Iinqubo ezisemthethweni zama-variation
Isistimu Ye-Early Warning	Awa	Iye (kuyagandeleleka)	Awa
Indlela Yokubambisana	Emaphakathi	Ephezulu	Ephasi
Ubunzima	Emaphakathi	Ephezulu	Emaphakathi
Inani Lephrojekthi Elijayelekileko	R500K – R100M+	R10M – R1B+	R1M – R500M+
Efanele Khulu	Amaphrojekthi wokwakha wangeqadi	I-infrastructure/ubunjiniyela bomphakathi	Imisebenzi yeminyango kahulumende
Ukuphathwa Kwekhontrakthi	Principal Agent	Project Manager	Engineer
Ukwengezwa Kwesikhathi	Ukulibaziseka okwamukelekako	Compensation events	Iimfuno zokwengezwa kwesikhathi

Nini Usebenzisa Ikhontrakthi Bani

Sebenzisa i-JBCC Nawu:

Usebenza emkhakheni wangasese, I-JBCC iyindinganiso emisebenzini yokwakha yangasese
Iphrojekthi yakho ngeyokwakha, Izakhiwo zokuhlala, zezebhizinisi, namkha zezimboni
Ufuna ikhontrakthi eyaziwako, I-JBCC ijayelekile kubanengi babo-contrator eSewula Afrika
Iklayenti lakho lithanda indlela yesintu, Amaklayenti amanengi wangasese akhululekile nge-JBCC
Wenza ukuthuthukiswa kwepropati, I-JBCC isebenza kuhle emaphrojekthini wokuthuthukisa
I-scope yephrojekthi icacile, I-JBCC isebenza kuhle nange kulindeleke ama-variation ambalwa

Iimbonelo zamaphrojekthi: Ukuthuthukiswa kwe-estate yokuhlala, isakhiwo se-ofisi yezebhizinisi, i-retail centre, ukwakhiwa kwe-warehouse.

Sebenzisa i-NEC Nawu:

Usebenzela ama-parastatal namkha omasipala abakhulu, I-SANRAL, Eskom, Transnet, City of Cape Town, City of Johannesburg bavame ukufuna i-NEC
Iphrojekthi yakho yi-infrastructure namkha ubunjiniyela, Imigwaqo, amabhriji, i-infrastructure yamanzi, amaphrojekthi wamandla
Udinga ukusebenza ngokubambisana, I-early warning system ye-NEC ikhuthaza ukubambisana
Iphrojekthi yakho inobungozi obukhulu bama-variation, I-NEC iphatha ama-variation nge-compensation events
Ufuna iintlawulo ezitjhesha, Imijikelezo yokukhokha ye-NEC ivame ukuba minengi
Ukuphathwa kobungozi kuqakathekile, I-early warning system ye-NEC isiza ukuphatha ubungozi kusenesikhathi

Iimbonelo zamaphrojekthi: Ukuthuthukiswa komgwaqo we-SANRAL, i-substation ka-Eskom, i-infrastructure yamanzi kamasipala, i-infrastructure yesitimela.

Sebenzisa i-GCC Nawu:

Usebenzela iminyango kahulumende, I-GCC ivame ukufunwa kumaphrojekthi wombuso kazwelonke/wephrovinsi
Iphrojekthi yakho ilawulwa yi-CIDB, I-GCC iyafuneka kumaphrojekthi amanengi we-CIDB
Wenza umsebenzi wesintu we-measure-and-value, I-GCC ilungele amaphrojekthi wokulinganisa wesintu
Iklayenti lakho licacisa i-GCC, Amanye amaklayenti afuna i-GCC ukuze kuhlale kune-consistency
Ukhululekile ngobungozi obunengi ku-contrator, I-GCC yabela ubungozi obunengi ku-contrator
Kufuneka iinqubo ezisemthethweni, I-GCC inikela ukuphathwa kwekhontrakthi okusemthethweni, kwesintu

Iimbonelo zamaphrojekthi: Iphrojekthi yokwakha kahulumende, i-infrastructure kamasipala, imisebenzi yemigwaqo yephrovinsi, ukwakha komnyango kazwelonke.

Ama-Payment Certificate Ngaphasi Kwehlobo Ngalinye Lekhontrakthi

Ukuqonda ukuthi ama-payment certificate asebenza njani ngaphasi kwekhontrakthi ngayinye kuqakathekile ku-cash flow. Ngeendlela eziqondileko ze-JBCC, bona JBCC payment certificate guide. Nge-overview ebanzi, bona progress payment certificates in South Africa. Ngezasi yindlela isistimu ngayinye ephatha ngayo i-certification.

Ama-Payment Certificate we-JBCC

Inqubo:

Ukulinganiswa kwenyanga, U-contrator uthumela i-claim yenyanga yomsebenzi ophelileko
Ukuhlolwa yi-Principal Agent, I-Principal Agent (architect namkha QS) ihlola umsebenzi bese ikhupha i-Interim Payment Certificate (IPC)
Okuqukethwe sisetifikhethi, I-IPC ifaka:
- Umsebenzi ophelileko kufika lapho
- Izinto ezisendaweni
- Ukudonswa kwe-retention (imvamisa 5–10%)
- Iintlawulo ezedlulileko
- Inani elimsulwa elifanele ukukhokhwa
Intlawulo, Iklayenti likhokha hlangana neentsuku eziyi-14–21 kusukela i-certificate ikhishiwe
Isetifikhethi sokugcina, Ngemva kwe-practical completion, kukhutjhwa i-Final Payment Certificate

Iimphawu eziqakathekileko:

Ama-certificate akhutjhwa nyanga zoke
I-retention ikhutjhwa ngezigaba (ihafu ku-practical completion, ihafu ekupheleni kwesikhathi se-defects liability)
Ama-variation afakwa kuma-certificate nakamukelwe
Imigomo yokukhokha: iintsuku eziyi-14–21 kusukela i-certificate ikhishiwe

Iinkinga:

Ukulibaziseka nange i-Principal Agent ingakhutjhi ama-certificate ngesikhathi
Ukuphikisana nge-valuation kungalibazisa iintlawulo
I-retention ingabopha i-cash flow enengi

Ama-Payment Certificate we-NEC

Inqubo:

Ukuphela kwemisebenzi, U-contrator uqeda ama-activity (namkha afike kuma-target cost milestone)
Ukuhlolwa yi-Project Manager, I-Project Manager ihlola umsebenzi ophelileko
Isetifikhethi sentlawulo, I-Project Manager ikhupha i-payment certificate (kanengi ma-bi-weekly)
Okuqukethwe sisetifikhethi, Ifaka:
- Inani lama-activity aqediweko
- Iphesenti le-target cost (nange Option C/D)
- I-retention (nange isebenza)
- Iintlawulo ezedlulileko
- Inani elimsulwa elifanele ukukhokhwa
Intlawulo, Iklayenti likhokha ngesikhathi esicaciswe ekhonthrakhthini
Ikhawundi yokugcina, I-final account ilungiswa ngemva kokuqedwa komsebenzi

Iimphawu eziqakathekileko:

Imijikelezo yokukhokha ejayelekileko (kanengi ma-bi-weekly)
Isisekelo se-activity-based namkha target cost
I-early warning system isiza ukuvikela iingxabano zeentlawulo
Indlela yokubambisana yehlisa ukulibaziseka

Iinkinga:

Kuyinkimbinkimbi ukuphatha (kufuna ukulandelwa kwama-activity)
Kufuna ukubandakanyeka okusebenzako kwe-Project Manager
Ama-option we-target cost afuna ukulandelwa kwezindleko

Ama-Payment Certificate we-GCC

Inqubo:

Ukulinganiswa kwenyanga, Injinela ilinganisa umsebenzi ophelileko ngenyanga
Isetifikhethi senjinela, Injinela ikhupha i-payment certificate yenyanga
Okuqukethwe sisetifikhethi, Ifaka:
- Inani lomsebenzi olinganisiweko
- Izinto ezisendaweni
- Ukudonswa kwe-retention (imvamisa 5–10%)
- Iintlawulo ezedlulileko
- Inani elimsulwa elifanele ukukhokhwa
Intlawulo, Iklayenti likhokha hlangana neentsuku ezima-30 kusukela i-certificate ikhishiwe
Isetifikhethi sokugcina, Ngemva kokuqedwa komsebenzi, kukhutjhwa i-Final Payment Certificate

Iimphawu eziqakathekileko:

Inqubo yokulinganisa esemthethweni
Ama-certificate wenyanga
I-retention ikhutjhwa ngezigaba
Imigomo yokukhokha: iintsuku ezima-30 (inde ukudlula i-JBCC)

Iinkinga:

Imigomo yokukhokha ecothako (iintsuku ezima-30)
Inqubo yokulinganisa esemthethweni ingathatha isikhathi
Ukuphikisana ngokulinganisa kungalibazisa iintlawulo

Kubayini Ama-Spreadsheet Neengcelu Ezingakahlanganisiwa Zingasebenzi Kuhle

Ukuphatha iinkhontrakthi ze-JBCC, NEC, ne-GCC usebenzisa ama-spreadsheet ne-accounting software evamileko kudala ubungozi obungagwemeka. Ikhontrakthi ngayinye inefomethi ehlukileko yama-certificate, imigomo yokukhokha, nemithetho ye-variation namkha compensation event. Ukugadanga amaphrojekthi amanengi wezinhlobo zeenkhontrakthi e-Excel kuholela emaphutheni wefomula, amalanga wokukhutjhwa kwe-retention aphutjhiweko, nama-certificate angahambisani nefuneko zekhontrakthi. Iinsetjenziswa zesoftware yokwakha ezivela e-US namkha e-Europe akajayele ukusekela amafomu weenkhontrakthi ze-SA ngokwendalo; acabanga iindlela ezihlukileko zokukhokha namagama. Kubo-contrator nabathuthukisi abasebenza ngomsebenzi wangasese (JBCC) nowombuso (NEC namkha GCC), isoftware eyodwa ezwisisa zontathu izinhlobo yehlisa amaphutha begodu igcina i-cash flow ibonakala.

Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa

Ngingayisebenzisa i-JBCC kuphrojekthi yomkhakha kahulumende na?

Ngokuvamile, awa. Amaphrojekthi wombuso avamise ukufuna i-NEC (yama-parastatal namamasipala) namkha i-GCC (yeminyango kahulumende). Kodwana amanye amaphrojekthi amancani wombuso namkha aneemfuneko ezithileko angavumela i-JBCC. Hlala uhlola amadokhumenti ethandela, azocacisa ifomu lekhontrakthi elifunekako.

Umahluko yini hlangana ne-JBCC Principal Building Agreement ne-Minor Works Agreement?

I-Principal Building Agreement (PBA) yikhontrakthi epheleleko ye-JBCC, eyakhelwe amaphrojekthi amakhulu abamba isikhathi esingaphezu kwezinyanga ezi-9 nofana anenani lekhontrakthi elingaphezu kwe-R5 million. Ifaka imigomo ebanzi yama-variation, ama-extension of time, nokurarulula iingxabano. I-Minor Works Agreement yinguqulo elula yamaphrojekthi wesimo esilula angadluli ezinyangeni ezi-9 nekhulu lawo lingakadluli i-R5 million, enemigudu elula, ngaphandle kombopho wedizayini kumkontraki, nangaphandle kwama-subcontractor akhethiweko nofana anominiweko.

Kubayini ama-parastatal athanda i-NEC ukudlula i-GCC?

Ama-parastatal afana ne-SANRAL, Eskom, ne-Transnet athanda i-NEC ngombana:

Indlela yokubambisana, I-early warning system ye-NEC ikhuthaza ukubambisana begodu yehlisa iingxabano
Ukuphathwa kobungozi okungcono, I-early warning system isiza ukubona nokuphatha ubungozi kusenesikhathi
Iintlawulo ezisheshako, Imijikelezo yokukhokha ejayelekileko ithuthukisa i-cash flow yaba-contrator
Izinga lamazwe woke, I-NEC isetjenziswa emhlabeni jikelele, inikela i-consistency kuba-contrator bamazwe ngamazwe
Ukuguquguquka, I-NEC inika ama-option amanengi ekhonthrakhthi (lump sum, target cost, cost reimbursable) afanele izinhlobo ezihlukileko zamaphrojekthi

Ngingatjhugulula amafomu wekhontrakthi phakathi kwephrojekthi na?

Awa. Nakube ikhontrakthi seyisayiniwe, ubotjhwe yileyo khontrakthi isiphela iphrojekthi. Ukutjhugulula ifomu lekhontrakthi phakathi nephrojekthi kungafuna ukuphelisa ikhontrakthi ekhona nokungena kwetjha, okuvame ukuba kungasebenzi begodu kunganconywa. Khetha ifomu lekhontrakthi ngokucophelela ekuqaleni kwephrojekthi.

Ngingazi njani bona kufuze ngisebenzise foromo bani lekhontrakthi?

Ifomu lekhontrakthi livamise ukucaciswa kumadokhumenti ethandela namkha ku-project brief. Emsebenzini wokwakha wangasese, i-JBCC ijayelekile; ku-infrastructure wombuso, hlola ukuthi iklayenti lifuna i-NEC namkha i-GCC. Nawungaqiniseki, xhumana nommeli womthetho wokwakha namkha quantity surveyor owazi amafomu weenkhontrakthi zeSewula Afrika.

Kwenzekani nangisebenzisa ifomu lekhontrakthi elingakalungi?

Ukusebenzisa ifomu lekhontrakthi elingakalungi kungaba nemiphumela emikhulu:

Ukukhutjhwa ethandeni, Amathenda wombuso avame ukukhupha amabhidi angasebenzisi ifomu lekhontrakthi elicacisiweko
Ukulibaziseka kweentlawulo, Ifomu elingakalungi lingadala ukudideka nokulibaziseka kweentlawulo
Ubungozi beengxabano, Amafomu weenkhontrakthi abela ubungozi ngokuhlukileko, ukusebenzisa elingakalungi kungakutjhiyela uvulekile
Iinkinga zokuthobela, Amaklayenti womphakathi abeka ifomu lekhontrakthi ku-tender data, begodu ibhidi ngeminye imigomo ingathathwa njengengaphenduliko (non-responsive)

Hlala usebenzisa ifomu lekhontrakthi elicaciswe kumadokhumenti ethandela namkha esivumelwaneni sephrojekthi.

I-Wakha iyawasekela na woke amafomu amathathu wekhontrakthi?

Iye. I-Wakha isekela ukukhiqizwa kwama-payment certificate we-JBCC, NEC, ne-GCC, ukuphathwa kwama-variation, nemigudu yokuphatha ikhontrakthi ngaphakathi kwesistimu eyodwa, ineefomethi zama-certificate ezikhethekileko zekhonthrakhthi ngayinye.

Isiphetho

Ukukhetha ifomu lekhontrakthi elifaneleko, JBCC vs NEC vs GCC, kuqakathekile ekuphumeleliseni iphrojekthi eSewula Afrika. I-JBCC ibusa emsebenzini wokwakha wangasese; i-NEC ikhula ku-infrastructure nobunjiniyela bombuso; i-GCC isesele iyifomu ejayelekileko yemisebenzi ye-civil yeminyango kahulumende neyabomasipala. Ngayinye yabela ubungozi neendlela zokukhokha ngokuhlukileko. Ukuhambisa ikhontrakthi nephrojekthi neklayenti kuvimbela ukulibaziseka kweentlawulo, iingxabano, nokukhutjhwa ethandeni.

Phatha ama-payment certificate we-JBCC, NEC, ne-GCC, i-retention, nama-variation ngesoftware eyodwa eyakhelwe umkhakha wokwakha eSewula Afrika. Bona bona i-Wakha isekela njani zoke iinhlobo ezintathu zekhontrakthi.

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