I-JBCC vs NEC vs GCC: Yiphi Lesetfwa Ku-2026?

Lifomu lenkontileka lelingafanele lingaholela ekubambezeleni kwemalikhokhelo, ema-sitifiketi lakuphikisanwa, nekukhishwa ku-tender. ENingizimu Afrika kunetinhlelo letintsatfu letikhulu tenkontileka: i-JBCC (Joint Building Contracts Committee), i-NEC (New Engineering Contract), ne-GCC (General Conditions of Contract). Ngayinye isebentela emacembu lehlukile, yabela ngato tingozi ngendlela lehlukile, futsi isebentisa tinkambiso letehlukile tekukhokha. Bakhi nebatakhi labanyenti batsatsa tinkinga tekukhokhwa lokubambezelekile, kuphikisana, nekukhula kwetindleko ngobe nje bengakhetsanga lifomu lenkontileka lelifanele iphrojekthi noma lelikhasimende.

Lo mhlahlandlela uqhathanisa i-JBCC vs NEC vs GCC ngekwesimo saseNingizimu Afrika: kutsi ngasiphi sikhatsi kusetjentiswa ngayinye, kutsi ema-payment certificate netishintsho asebenta njani ngaphansi kwalesinye nalesinye sistimu, nendlela yekuphatsa tona ngaphandle kwekucwiliswa ema-spreadsheet.

Kungani Kukhetfwa Lifomu Lenkontileka Kubalulekile

Lifomu lenkontileka lolikhetsako libeka sisekelo sekutsi iphrojekthi yakho izophatfwa kanjani, kutsi kuphikisana kuyoxazululwa kanjani, nekutsi tikhokhelo tiyohamba kanjani. Uma utsatsa kabi, uyobhekana na:

Kubambezeleka kwekukhokhwa, Tinkontileka letihlukene tinetinkambiso letihlukene temasitifiketi ekukhokha. Kusebentisa lifomu lelingafanele kungadala kuphambana nekubambezeleka.
Kwanda kwemiphikiswano, Ngalinye inkontileka linetindlela letihlukene tekuxazulula kuphikisana. Lenye ilwisana ngalokujulile, lenye ibambisana ngalokuhle.
Kubekwa kabi kwetingozi, Tinkontileka tabela tingozi ngendlela lehlukile. Kusebentisa inkontileka lengahambelani naluhlobo lweprojekthi yakho kungakusa etingozini.
Tinkinga temtsetfo, Emaphrojekthi esicelo sahulumende ngalokuvame kuphoqa lifomu lelithile lenkontileka. Kusebentisa lelingafanele kungakhipha i-tender yakho.

ENingizimu Afrika, kukhetfwa kwenkontileka akusikho nje kukhetsa, ngalokuvame kubekwa luhlobo lweprojekthi, lilunga lelikhasimende, nemitsetfo lelawulako. Kuqonda lemakhawulo kusita ukhetse inkontileka lefanele nakulawule kahle.

Umbono Lojwayelekile Wetinkontileka TaseNingizimu Afrika

Ngaphambi kwekungena ekuqhathanisweni, nasi sifinyeleto lesisheshako selilifomu ngalinye lenkontileka nelapho lisetjentiswa khona emakethe yaseNingizimu Afrika.

JBCC: Umgomo Wasemkhakheni Wabucala

I-Joint Building Contracts Committee (JBCC) yincenye lesetjentiswa kakhulu kulesikhatsi kulemboni yabucala yaseNingizimu Afrika. Yakhelwe imisebenti yekwakha tindlu, emakhaya, nemabhizinisi, futsi itsandzwa ngabanikati bemaphrojekthi labucala nemabhizinisi labasebentela emaphrojekthi labucala.

Tinkontileka te-JBCC letikhulu:

Principal Building Agreement (PBA): inkontileka lenkhulu yemsebenti wekwakha, lenhloswe ngemaphrojekthi lanzima lalandza tinyanga letingaphezu kwelisithupha noma lanesamba senkontileka lingaphezu kwe-R5 million
Minor Works Agreement: inkontileka lelulile yemaphrojekthi langasemagalelweni lasetulu lalandza tinyanga letingaphezu kwelisithupha futsi kungadluli ku-R5 million
Nominated/Selected Subcontract Agreement, Yekuphatsa ema-subcontractor kumaphrojekthi e-JBCC

Lapho i-JBCC isetjentiswa khona:

Emaphrojekthi ekwakha emakhaya labucala
Emaphrojekthi ekwakha emabhizinisi
Kwakhiwa kwemafektri
Emaphrojekthi ekuthuthukisa lishindzi
Ematiko lemabhizinisi wangasese (lapho lingatsatfwanga kutsi kwentiwe ngenye indlela)

Inchabo yemakethe: I-JBCC iyalawula emsebenteni wekwakha wabucala, nemakhulu emphela lacatjangwa ngu-60–70% emaphrojekthi ekwakha abucala.

NEC: Umgomo Wetekwakha Nemahhala Wetulumende

I-New Engineering Contract (NEC) iyandzisa kwetfukutfuka kulemboni yetulumende eNingizimu Afrika nakumaphrojekthi e-engineering. Yakhiwe e-UK kucala, i-NEC4 seyamukelwe ngema-parastatal nemasipala lamakhulu aseNingizimu Afrika kumsebenti wemakhelo nemsebenti we-engineering.

Tinkontileka te-NEC letikhulu:

NEC4 Engineering and Construction Contract (ECC), Inkontileka lenkhulu yemsebenti we-engineering nekwakha
NEC4 Professional Services Contract (PSC), Yema-consultant nemisebenti lekhethekile
NEC4 Term Service Contract, Yekugcinwa lokuqhubekako nemakhontileka emisebenti

Lapho i-NEC isetjentiswa khona:

Emaphrojekthi emigwaco ye-SANRAL
Tinhlelo tematiko emandla ye-Eskom
Emaphrojekthi etinanti temasitimela ne-Transnet
Emaphrojekthi e-metro (City of Cape Town, City of Johannesburg)
Tinhlelo tematiko emanti (Rand Water, emasipala)
Emaphrojekthi e-engineering lafuna kusebentisana ngekubambisana

Inchabo yemakethe: I-NEC iyakhula ngekusheshisa kulemboni yetulumende, ikakhulu emaphrojekthi e-infrastructure ne-engineering. Icatjangwa kuba ngu-20–30% tetinkontileka tetulumende.

GCC: Umgomo Wahulumende

I-General Conditions of Contract for Construction Works (GCC) ikhishwa yi-South African Institution of Civil Engineering (SAICE). Emasebenti lesive nesifundza nemasipala lamanyenti awucacisa emsebenteni wetulumende, ikakhulu tinkontileka te-civil ne-engineering. I-cidb Standard for Uniformity in Construction Procurement iyayibhala phakathi kwemafomu lajwayelekile lemaklayenti wetulumende angawasebentisa, eduze ne-JBCC, i-NEC ne-FIDIC.

Tinhlobo letikhulu te-GCC:

GCC 2015, lenhlobo lisesetjentiswa kutinkontileka letinyenti tetulumende letisebentako
GCC 2025, lenhlobo lesha ye-SAICE leyakhishwa ngi-2025, lenemitsetfo lemiqinile ngetitfunti letibhaliwe, kumaclaim nekukhokhwa lokubambezelekile

Ema-payment certificate e-GCC ikakhulu ngekukhatsateka kwemakhontileka e-civil. Umkhiqizo wetfu lolandzelako i-Sakha uyawachaza ngekujulile: buka inchubo ye-GCC payment certificate, i-GCC 2015 vs i-GCC 2025 payment certificates, nemhlahlandlela lobanti wesofthiwe yemsebenti we-civil engineering eNingizimu Afrika.

Lapho i-GCC isetjentiswa khona:

Emaphrojekthi emakhamba wetulumende lelikhulu
Imisebenti yesifundza yetulumende
Emaphrojekthi emasipala (lapho kungasetjentiswa i-NEC)
Emaphrojekthi lajwayelekile lekulinganisa nekukhipha inani

Inchabo yemakethe: I-GCC iseyinkhulu emaphrojekthini emakhamba wetulumende, icatjangwa cishe ku-40–50% tetinkontileka tetulumende, nangabe i-NEC isakhula.

Ukuqhathanisa Lokuningiliswako: JBCC vs NEC vs GCC

Kuqonda umehluko layitsatfwa phakathi kwalamafomu kusita ukhetse lelifanele futsi ulawule kahle. Nasi sicoco nesicoco selincenye letibalulekile.

Tinkhundla Tekukhokha

Inchubo yekukhokha ye-JBCC:

I-JBCC isebentisa sistimu lejwayelekile yemasitifiketi ekukhokha lesikhatsi lesitsite. I-principal agent (i-architect noma i-quantity surveyor) ikhipha masitifiketi ekukhokha lesikhatsi lesitsite nyalo, ichaza umsebenti lowentiwe kuze kube lamuhla. Tikhokhelo ngavamise kuba:

Tikhishwa nyalo ngekusekelwe emsebenteni lowentiwe
Tifaka i-retention (ngavamise ku-5–10%)
Tibala titfunti nemalungiselelo
Tikhokhwa ngaphakathi kwemalanga la-14–21 kusukela ekukhishweni kwesitifiketi

Sistimu yekukhokha ye-JBCC ilula kodvwa ingaba nensipho uma masitifiketi ngeke akhishwe ngesikhatsi. Bakhandzisi bayetsembela ekukhishweni kwesitifiketi ngesikhatsi kutinhlinzeko temnotfo wabo.

Inchubo yekukhokha ye-NEC:

I-NEC isebentisa sistimu yekukhokha lesekelwe emisebenti noma ku-target cost, kuya ngenkhetho yenkontileka lekhethiwe. Tikhokhelo ngavamise kuba:

Ngekusekelwe emisebenti lewentiwe noma emaphesenti e-target cost
Tifaka sistimu yesexwayiso sekuhle lesikhatsini semitengo lengase ikhule
Tikhokhelwa ngemijikelezo lesheshako (ngavamise nsukusukwane)
Kusebentisana ngekubambisana nekwabelana ngetingozi

Sistimu yekukhokha ye-NEC yakhelwe kuba lesheshako futsi lesebentisana kahle, nemasistimu esexwayiso sekuhle asita kuvimba kuphikisana kungakakhuphuki.

Inchubo yekukhokha ye-GCC:

I-GCC isebentisa sistimu lejwayelekile yekulinganisa nekukhipha inani, lefana ne-JBCC kodvwa nemehluko lethile:

Emasitifiketi ekukhokha ngenyanga ngekusekelwe emsebenteni lolinganisiwe
I-retention ngavamise ku-5–10%
Kukhokhwa ngaphakathi kwemalanga la-30 kusukela esitifiketini (lide kunele-JBCC)
Inchubo lesemtsetfweni yekulinganisa

Tikhokhelo te-GCC tingaba nensipho ngenca yemitsetfo lesemtsetfweni yekulinganisa nemigomo lende yekukhokha.

Kwabelwa Kwetingozi

Kwabelwa kwetingozi kwe-JBCC:

I-JBCC ilandzela sikhombisi lesijwayelekile sekwabela tingozi:

Tingozi tekontileka: Umsebenti, tinsita, kubambezeleka kwesikhatsi (ngaphandle kwalokuvunyelwe), kwanda kwetindleko
Tingozi telikhasimende: Tiphosiso temklamo (uma likhasimende linikeza umklamo), force majeure, timo temhlaba (uma tingatsatfwanga)
Tingozi lecatjangwako: Tishintsho, kubambezeleka lokudalwa likhasimende noma i-agent

I-JBCC ilinganile ngekwanele kodvwa ingaba lwisana uma kuphikisana kuvela, ngoba kwabelwa kwetingozi kuvame kutolikwa ngekucinile.

Kwabelwa kwetingozi kwe-NEC:

I-NEC isebentisa indlela lesebentisana ngekwabelana ngetingozi:

Sexwayiso sekuhle, Bobabili bayatsatsa kumatsa ngetinkinga letingase titfole
Tiphatsimandla temalungiselelo, Tenzakalo lechazwe lelivusa tishintsho setikhatsi netetindleko
Tingozi letabelwanako, Kugcizelelwa kakhulu kusombululeko lwenkinga ngekubambisana
Kucaca, Kuxoxana lokuvulekile nekwabelana ngetingozi

I-NEC yakhelwe kunciphisa kuphikisana ngesexwayiso sekuhle nekusebentisana ngekubambisana, nobe idzinga kuphatsa lenkontileka ngekusebenta lokusebenta. Emsebenteni we-civil nowe-infrastructure, tiphatsimandla temalungiselelo tiyendlala lenkhulu yema-claim e-NEC; umhlahlandlela we-Sakha wetiphatsimandla te-NEC eNingizimu Afrika uchaza tisaziso nemasikhatsi lalinganiselwe.

Kwabelwa kwetingozi kwe-GCC:

I-GCC ilandzela sikhombisi lesijwayelekile lesindzisa kakhulu umkhandzisi:

Tingozi temkhandzisi: Tingozi letinyenti temaphrojekthi, kutfatsa tindzawo temhlaba, kubambezeleka kwemoya, kwanda kwetindleko
Tingozi telikhasimende: Tincane, ikakhulu tiphosiso temklamo ne-force majeure
Inchubo lesemtsetfweni, Kutolikwa lokucinile kwetemigomo yenkontileka

I-GCC ibeka tingozi letinyenti kumkhandzisi, lokungenta kutsi kube nzima kumakhontileka kodvwa kunike likhasimende kuciniseka lokwengetelelako.

Kuxazulula Kuphikisana

Kuxazulula kuphikisana kwe-JBCC:

I-JBCC isebentisa inchubo lejwayelekile yekuxazulula kuphikisana:

Sinqumo se-Principal Agent, Sinqumo sekucala se-principal agent
I-adjudication, Kungadluliselwa ku-adjudication ngemiphikiswano
I-arbitration, Kuxazululwa kwekugcina ngendlela ye-arbitration
Litigation, Kungaya ekhotini nangabe i-arbitration ihlulekile

Inchubo ingaba nensipho futsi ilwisana, kuphikisana kuvame kukhuphuka kuya ku-arbitration noma ku-litigation.

Kuxazulula kuphikisana kwe-NEC:

I-NEC inenchubo lehleleke kahle yekuxazulula kuphikisana:

Sexwayiso sekuhle, Tinkinga tibonwa kucala ngesistimu yesexwayiso
Sinqumo se-Project Manager, Sinqumo sekucala se-project manager
I-adjudication, Kuphikisana kudluliselwa ku-adjudication (lisheshe kunele-arbitration)
Arbitration/Litigation, Kuxazululwa kwekugcina uma kudzingeka

Sistimu yesexwayiso sekuhle se-NEC isita kuvimba kuphikisana, futsi i-adjudication ngavamise isheshe kuna-arbitration.

Kuxazulula kuphikisana kwe-GCC:

I-GCC isebentisa inchubo lesemtsetfweni yekuxazulula kuphikisana:

Sinqumo se-Engineer, Sinqumo sekucala se-engineer
Dispute Adjudication Board, Kungasetjentiswa i-DAB ngemiphikiswano
I-arbitration, Kuxazululwa kwekugcina ngendlela ye-arbitration
Litigation, Kungaya ekhotini

Inchubo ye-GCC iyemtsetfo futsi ingaba nensipho, kuphikisana ngavamise kudzinga i-arbitration.

Tinhlobo Temisebenti Lesetjentiswa Kuyo

I-JBCC ihamba kahle ngekwetinhlobo letilandzelako:

Emaphrojekthi ekwakha emakhaya labucala
Emaphrojekthi ekwakha emabhizinisi
Kuthuthukiswa kwelishindzi (kusukela ekuhloleni kuye ekunikelweni)
Emaphrojekthi lapho likhasimende lifuna inkontileka lejwayelekile lelaziwa kahle
Umsebenti wekwakha (hhayi i-engineering/infrastructure)
Emaphrojekthi lanemsebenti locacile lolucinile lolutsatfwa nekutsi tishintsho tilinganiselwe

I-NEC ihamba kahle ngekwetinhlobo letilandzelako:

Imisebenti yetulumende ye-infrastructure
Umsebenti we-engineering (tigwaco, tibhuloho, infrastructure yemanti)
Emaphrojekthi lafuna kusebentisana ngekubambisana
Emaphrojekthi lanemisebenti lemilenti lenetitfunti letinyenti letingaba khona
Emaphrojekthi lapho sexwayiso sekuhle nekuphatsa tingozi kuyimigomo lemiphambili
Emaphrojekthi e-parastatal ne-metro infrastructure

I-GCC ihamba kahle ngekwetinhlobo letilandzelako:

Emaphrojekthi emakhamba wetulumende (lalawulwako)
Emaphrojekthi lajwayelekile ekulinganisa nekukhipha inani
Emaphrojekthi lalawulwako lapho kudzingeka inchubo lesemtsetfweni lejwayelekile
Umsebenti wetulumende lolawulwa yi-CIDB
Emaphrojekthi lanemsebenti locacile lolucinile lolunekuhlanganisa lokuncane
Umsebenti wetulumende lapho i-GCC icacisiwe khona

Tinhlobo Temaphrojekthi

Tinhlobo te-JBCC:

Tindlu temakhaya nemakhulu emakhaya
Tindlu tetemabhizinisi
Tikhungo tetekuthenga
Tindlu temafektri
Emaphrojekthi ekuthuthukisa lishindzi
Kulungiswa nekufakwa kwemafulethi nemahhovisi

Tinhlobo te-NEC:

Kwakhiwa nekuvuselelwa kwemigwaco
Kwakhiwa kwetibhuloho
Infrastructure yemanti netinhlanzi tebhuloho
Infrastructure yemandla
Infrastructure yetinanti temasitimela
Infrastructure yetinanti tetikhumba
Emaphrojekthi e-engineering lafuna kusebentisana

Tinhlobo te-GCC:

Emaphrojekthi ekwakha wetulumende
Infrastructure yemasipala
Infrastructure yesifundza
Emaphrojekthi emakhamba wetulumende lelikhulu
Umsebenti wekwakha lojwayelekile
Emaphrojekthi wetulumende lalawulwa yi-CIDB

Tabula Lelingasheshako Lekuqhathanisa: JBCC vs NEC vs GCC

Sici	JBCC	NEC	GCC
Kusetjentiswa Lokukhulu	Umsebenti wekwakha wabucala	Umsebenti wetulumende we-engineering/infrastructure	Emaphrojekthi emakhamba wetulumende
Incenye Yemakethe	60–70% yabucala	20–30% yetulumende	40–50% yetulumende
Inani Lemasitifiketi	Masitifiketi nyalo	Kabili ngeveki (ngavamise)	Masitifiketi nyalo
Timo Tekukhokha	14–21 emalanga	Kuyahluka ngekukhetsa	30 emalanga
Sisekelo Sekukhokha	Umsebenti lowentiwe (lump sum)	Timisebenti/target cost	Kulinganisa nekukhipha inani
I-Retention	5–10% ngavamise	Kuyahluka ngekukhetsa	5–10% ngavamise
Kwabelwa Kwetingozi	Lijwayelekile lelinganile	Kubambisana/kwabelwana	Umkhandzisi lonetingozi letinyenti
Kuxazulula Kuphikisana	Adjudication → Arbitration	Sexwayiso sekuhle → Adjudication	DAB → Arbitration
Inchubo Yetishintsho	Tiyalelo letisemtsetfweni tetishintsho	Tiphatsimandla temalungiselelo	Tiyalelo letisemtsetfweni tetishintsho
Sistimu Yesexwayiso Sekuhle	Cha	Yebo (kuphoqelekile)	Cha
Kusebentisana Ngekubambisana	Lilinganile	Lilukhulu	Lilushe
Kuyinkhulu Kwemsebenti	Lilinganile	Lilukhulu	Lilushe
Inani Lephrojekthi Lelijwayelekile	R500K – R100M+	R10M – R1B+	R1M – R500M+
Lifanele Kakhulu	Emaphrojekthi ekwakha labucala	Infrastructure/umsebenti we-engineering wetulumende	Umsebenti wemakhamba wetulumende
Kuphatsa Inkontileka	Principal Agent	Project Manager	Engineer
Kwandziswa Kwesikhatsi	Kubambezeleka lokuvunyelwe	Tiphatsimandla temalungiselelo	Ticlaim tekwandziswa kwesikhatsi

Kutsi Ukhetse Ini Inkontileka

Sebentisa i-JBCC Uma:

Usebenta esigabeni sabucala, i-JBCC yiyo lejwayelekile emsebenteni wekwakha wabucala
Iphrojekthi yakho yiphrojekthi yekwakha, Emakhaya, emabhizinisi, noma emafektri
Ufuna inkontileka lejwayelekile lelaziwa kahle, i-JBCC iyatiwa ngabakhi baseNingizimu Afrika
Likhasimende lakho likhetsa indlela lejwayelekile, Emaklayenti lamanyenti labucala akhululeka nge-JBCC
Usebenta ekuthuthukiseni lishindzi, i-JBCC isebenta kahle emaphrojekthini lelishindzi
Umsebenti lolungiswe kahle, i-JBCC isebenta kahle lapho tishintsho tilinganiselwe

Tibonelo temaphrojekthi: Kwakhiwa kwemakhaya lemakhulu, ihhovisi lelibhizinisi, indzawo yetekuthenga, kwakhiwa kwemagumbi emphahla.

Sebentisa i-NEC Uma:

Usebenta etikhungweni temakhamba nasemasipaleni, i-SANRAL, i-Eskom, i-Transnet, i-City of Cape Town, i-City of Johannesburg ngavamise kumisa i-NEC
Iphrojekthi yakho yi-infrastructure noma i-engineering, Tigwaco, tibhuloho, infrastructure yemanti, emaphrojekthi emandla
Udzinga kusebenta ngekubambisana, Sexwayiso sekuhle se-NEC sikhuthaza kubambisana
Iphrojekthi yakho inamathuba lamanyenti etishintsho, i-NEC ibambelela tishintsho ngetiphatsimandla temalungiselelo
Ufuna tikhokhelo letisheshako, Tijikelezo tekukhokha te-NEC ngavamise tisheshe
Kulawula tingozi kuyincenye lenkhulu, Sexwayiso sekuhle se-NEC sisita ukulawula tingozi ngekusheshisa

Tibonelo temaphrojekthi: Kuvuselelwa kwemgwaco we-SANRAL, i-substation ye-Eskom, infrastructure yemanti ye-metro, infrastructure yetinanti.

Sebentisa i-GCC Uma:

Usebenta etikhungweni tetulumende, i-GCC ngavamise icacisiwe emaphrojekthini wetulumende lelikhulu nelesifundza
Iphrojekthi yakho ilawulwa yi-CIDB, i-GCC iyadzingeka emaphrojekthini lamanyenti e-CIDB
Usebenta umsebenti wekulinganisa nekukhipha inani lojwayelekile, i-GCC ifanele imisebenti lelinganisiwe lejwayelekile
Likhasimende lakho licacisa i-GCC, Emanye emaklayenti ayifuna i-GCC kuze kube nekulinganisa
Ukhululekile ngetingozi letinyenti letiwela umkhandzisi, i-GCC ibeka tingozi letinyenti kumakhontileka
Kudzingeka inchubo lesemtsetfweni, i-GCC inika kuphatsa lenkontileka lokusemtsetfweni lokujwayelekile

Tibonelo temaphrojekthi: Emaphrojekthi ekwakha wetulumende, infrastructure yemasipala, umsebenti wemigwaco yesifundza, kwakhiwa kwemakhamba wetulumende lelikhulu.

Temasitifiketi Ekukhokha Ngaphansi Kwalilifomu Ngalinye Lenkontileka

Kwati kutsi temasitifiketi ekukhokha asebenta njani ngaphansi kwalilifomu ngalinye lenkontileka kubalulekile kwe-cash flow. Ngemasitebhisi e-JBCC lakhethekile, buka umhlahlandlela wethu we-JBCC wemasitifiketi ekukhokha. Ngemshwelelo lobanti, buka masitifiketi ekukhokha ngesikhatsi eNingizimu Afrika. Lapha ngaphansi kuchazwa kutsi ngayinye sistimu isingatsatsa njani kucinisekisa.

Masitifiketi Ekukhokha e-JBCC

Inchubo:

Sitimela sengenyanga, Likhontileka lingenisa sitimela sengenyanga semsebenti lowentiwe
Kuhlolwa kwe-Principal Agent, I-principal agent (i-architect noma i-QS) ihlola umsebenti ikhiphe i-Interim Payment Certificate (IPC)
Lokuvele kusesitifiketini, I-IPC ifaka:
- Umsebenti lowentiwe kuze kube lamuhla
- Tinsita ekhasini
- Kukhishwa kwe-retention (ngavamise ku-5–10%)
- Tikhokhelo letindzala
- Imali lekhokhwa kuphela
Kukhokha, Likhasimende likhokha ngaphakathi kwemalanga la-14–21 kusukela ekukhishweni kwesitifiketi
Sitifiketi lekugcina, Ngemuva kwe-practical completion, kukhishwa i-Final Payment Certificate

Tintfo letibalulekile:

Masitifiketi akhishwa nyalo
I-retention ikhululwa ngetigaba (ihhafu ku-practical completion, ihhafu ekuphelweni kwe-defects liability period)
Tishintsho tifakwa esitifiketini nasesivunyiwe
Tinkhathalelo tekukhokha: emalanga la-14–21 kusukela ekukhishweni kwesitifiketi

Tinselele:

Kubambezeleka uma i-Principal Agent ingakhipheli masitifiketi ngesikhatsi
Kuphikisana ngetinhlolo kungabambezela tikhokhelo
I-retention ingabopha imali leyinkhulu ye-cash flow

Masitifiketi Ekukhokha e-NEC

Inchubo:

Kuphelela kwemisebenti, Likhontileka liphelelisa imisebenti (noma lifika etinhlosweni te-target cost)
Kuhlolwa kwe-Project Manager, I-project manager ihlola umsebenti lophelelisiwe
Sitifiketi sekukhokha, I-project manager ikhipha sitifiketi sekukhokha (ngavamise nsukusukwane)
Lokuvele kusesitifiketini, Lokufaka:
- Inani lemisebenti lephelelisiwe
- Liphesenti le-target cost (nangabe i-Option C/D)
- I-retention (nangabe kusebenta)
- Tikhokhelo letindzala
- Imali lekhokhwa kuphela
Kukhokha, Likhasimende likhokha ngaphakathi kwesikhatsi sekukhokha lecacisiwe enkontileka
I-final account, I-final account yenta ngemuva kwekuphela

Tintfo letibalulekile:

Tijikelezo tekukhokha letinyenti (ngavamise nsukusukwane)
Kusekelwe emisebenteni noma ku-target cost
Sistimu yesexwayiso sekuhle isita kuvimba kuphikisana ngekukhokha
Kusebentisana ngekubambisana kuncisha kubambezeleka

Tinselele:

Kuyinkinga lenkhulu kuphatsa (kudzinga kulandzelwa kwemisebenti)
Kudzinga kubamba iqhaza lelisebenta lelisemgomeni we-Project Manager
Tinkhetfo te-target cost tidzinga kulandzelwa kwetindleko

Masitifiketi Ekukhokha e-GCC

Inchubo:

Kulinganiswa ngenyanga, I-engineer ilinganisa umsebenti lowentiwe ngesikhatsi senyanga
Sitifiketi se-engineer, I-engineer ikhipha sitifiketi sekukhokha sengenyanga
Lokuvele kusesitifiketini, Lokufaka:
- Inani lemsebenti lolinganisiwe
- Tinsita ekhasini
- Kukhishwa kwe-retention (ngavamise ku-5–10%)
- Tikhokhelo letindzala
- Imali lekhokhwa kuphela
Kukhokha, Likhasimende likhokha ngaphakathi kwemalanga la-30 kusukela ekukhishweni kwesitifiketi
Sitifiketi lekugcina, Ngemuva kwekuphela, kukhishwa i-Final Payment Certificate

Tintfo letibalulekile:

Inchubo yekulinganisa lesemtsetfweni
Masitifiketi engenyanga
I-retention ikhululwa ngetigaba
Timo tekukhokha: emalanga la-30 (lide kunele-JBCC)

Tinselele:

Timo letinensipho tekukhokha (emalanga la-30)
Kulinganisa lokusemtsetfweni kungadza ngesikhatsi lesidze
Kuphikisana ngekulinganisa kungabambezela tikhokhelo

Kungani Ema-spreadsheet Netinsita Letingaxhunyiwe Tingasebenti

Kuphatsa tinkontileka te-JBCC, NEC ne-GCC kusuka kuma-spreadsheet nakusofthiwe lejwayelekile yemabhuku kudala tingozi letingagwemeki. Ngalinye inkontileka linemafomu lehlukile etisitifiketi, timo tekukhokha, nemitsetfo yetishintsho nemiphatsimandla temalungiselelo. Kuhlanganisa emaphrojekthi lamanyenti kutinhlobo tetinkontileka e-Excel kuholela ekuphazamisekeni kwemafomula, kuphutfwa kwemasikhatsi ekukhululweni kwe-retention, nemasitifiketi lingahambisani nemagceme enkontileka. Emathuluzi asofthiwe ye-US noma ye-Europe wekwakha ngalokuvame angasekeli tifomu tenkontileka taseNingizimu Afrika ngekuqondile; ayaphuza kutsi tiyakhokhwa tehlukile nemagama ehlukile. Kubakhi nebatakhi labasebenta bobabili emsebenteni wabucala (JBCC) nowetulumende (NEC noma GCC), sistimu yesofthiwe leyodvwa leyati tonkhe tinhlobo letintsatfu tenkontileka inciphisa tiphazamiso futsi igcine i-cash flow ibonakala.

Imibuto Levamile Kubutwa

Ngingasebentisa i-JBCC emaphrojekthini etulumende yini?

Ngalokuvamile, cha. Emaphrojekthi etulumende ngalokuvamile aphoqa noma i-NEC (kumakhungu netasemasipala) noma i-GCC (kumakhamba wetulumende). Kodvwa emanye emaphrojekthi etulumende lamancane noma lanetidzingo letitsite angavuma i-JBCC. Hlala ubheka tidokhumenti te-tender, tona tetulumende tatsi lifomu lenkontileka ledzingekako.

Umehluko phakathi kwe-JBCC Principal Building Agreement ne-Minor Works Agreement nguwuphi?

I-Principal Building Agreement (PBA) yinkontileka lephelele ye-JBCC, lenhloswe ngemaphrojekthi lanzima lalandza tinyanga letingaphezu kwelisithupha noma lanesamba senkontileka lingaphezu kwe-R5 million. Ifaka tilungiselelo letiphelele tetishintsho, kwandziswa kwesikhatsi, nekuxazulula kuphikisana. I-Minor Works Agreement yinguculo lelulile yemaphrojekthi langasemagalelweni lasetulu lalandza tinyanga letingadlulile kulisithupha futsi lingadluli ku-R5 million, lenetinkambiso letilulile, lingenamtfwalo wemklamo kumakhontileka, futsi lingenawo ema-subcontractor lamisiwe noma lakhetfwe.

Kungani emapharastatal akhetsa i-NEC kunele-GCC?

Emapharastatal njenge-SANRAL, i-Eskom ne-Transnet akhetsa i-NEC ngobe:

Indlela lesebentisana ngekubambisana, Sexwayiso sekuhle se-NEC sikhuthaza kubambisana futsi sinciphisa kuphikisana
Kulawula tingozi lokungcono, Sistimu yesexwayiso sekuhle isita kutfola nekulawula tingozi ngekusheshisa
Tikhokhelo letisheshako, Tijikelezo letinyenti tekukhokha tivusa i-cash flow yemakhontileka
Sijwayelo semhlaba wonkhe, I-NEC isetjentiswa emhlabeni wonkhe, inika kuhambisana kubakhandzisi bemhlaba wonkhe
Kuguquguquka, I-NEC inetinkhetfo letinyenti tenkontileka (lump sum, target cost, cost reimbursable) letilingana netinhlobo letihlukene temaphrojekthi

Ngingashintsha lifomu lenkontileka phakatsi kwemsebenti?

Cha. Ngemuva kwekusayinwa kwenkontileka, uyaboshwa ngalelifomu lenkontileka sikhatsi lesihlala semsebenti. Kushintsha lifomu lenkontileka phakatsi kwemsebenti kudzinga kuphetsa inkontileka lekhona bese usayina lenye, lokungavamile kube nemandla noma kwetfulwe. Khetsa lifomu lenkontileka ngekucophelela ekucaleni kwemsebenti.

Ngingati kutsi ngiyiphi lifomu lenkontileka lengiyisebentisa?

Lifomu lenkontileka ngalokuvamile icacisiwe etidokhumenteni te-tender noma kuhlose kwephrojekthi. Kwekwakha labucala, i-JBCC yiyo lejwayelekile; kumakhamba wemtfoliswane wetulumende, hlola kutsi likhasimende lidzinga yini i-NEC noma i-GCC. Nangabe ungaciniseki, bonisa ummeli wemtsetfo wekwakha noma i-quantity surveyor lelati emafomu wenkontileka waseNingizimu Afrika.

Kwentekani uma ngisebentisa lifomu lelingafanele lenkontileka?

Kusebentisa lifomu lelingafanele lenkontileka kungaba nemiphumela lemibi:

Kukhishwa ku-tender, Ama-tender etulumende ngalokuvamile akhipha ema-bid lingasebentisi lifomu lelicacisiwe lenkontileka
Kubambezeleka kwekukhokhwa, Lifomu lelingafanele lenkontileka lingadala kuphambana nekubambezeleka kwekukhokhwa
Tingozi tekuphikisana, Emafomu wenkontileka abela tingozi ngendlela lehlukile, kusebentisa lelingafanele kungakushiya ungenabuvikelo
Tinkinga temtsetfo, Emaklayenti etulumende abeka lifomu lenkontileka kudatha ye-tender, futsi i-bid lenemigomo lehlukile ingaba ngaphandle kwemigomo

Sebentisa njalo lifomu lenkontileka lelicacisiwe etidokhumenteni te-tender noma kuvumelana kweprojekthi.

Wakha isekela tonkhe tintsatfu tetifomu tenkontileka yini?

Yebo. I-Wakha isekela kukhiqizwa kwemasitifiketi ekukhokha e-JBCC, NEC ne-GCC, kuphatsa tishintsho, nemasitebhisi wekuphatsa inkontileka esistimini lilinye, nemafomethi wemasitifiketi lalinganako ngalinye lenkontileka.

Sifinyo

Kukhetsa lifomu lelifanele lenkontileka, i-JBCC vs NEC vs GCC, kubalulekile kulethwa kweprojekthi eNingizimu Afrika. I-JBCC iyalawula umsebenti wekwakha wabucala; i-NEC iyakhula kumsebenti wetulumende we-infrastructure ne-engineering; i-GCC isalunga lifomu lelijwayelekile lemsebenti wemakhamba wetulumende nemasipala wemsebenti we-civil. Ngalinye ibela tingozi nemacembu wekukhokha ngendlela lehlukile. Kulinganisa inkontileka neprojekthi nelikhasimende kugwema kubambezeleka kwekukhokhwa, kuphikisana, nekukhishwa ku-tender.

Phatsa masitifiketi ekukhokha e-JBCC, NEC ne-GCC, i-retention, netishintsho kusofthiwe linye lakhelwe kwekwakha eNingizimu Afrika. Bona kutsi i-Wakha isekela kanjani tonkhe tintsatfu tetinhlobo tenkontileka.

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