Tehlakalo Tenkhokhelo te-NEC: Umhlahlandlela Wemakontraka

Ngaphansi kwesivumelwano se-NEC, imali yelushintjo iyawinwa nome ilahleke emavikini lasiphohlongo ekucala, hhayi ku-final account. Tehlakalo tenkhokhelo te-NEC (compensation events) tiyindlela i-Engineering and Construction Contract (ECC) lekukhokhela ngayo tinguchuko netingoti longatitfwali. Inchubo ihamba ngemikhawulo yesikhatsi lemifishane lebekiwe. Nawuphutsa wekucala, ungalahlekelwa lilungelo lesikhatsi lesengetiwe nemali, noma licala lakho liciniseke kangakanani.

Lomhlahlandlela uchaza kutsi tehlakalo tenkhokhelo te-NEC tisebenta njani emakontrakeni ebunjiniyela baseNingizimu Afrika. Ufaka loko lokubalwa njengesehlakalo senkhokhelo, kutsi usicwayisa njani, kutsi ema-quotation nekuhlolwa kusebenta njani, nemarekhodi lowadzingako. Ulandzela i-NEC4 ECC, kunemanothi nge-NEC3 lapho emagama ehlukile khona. Ngumhlahlandlela wekusebenta, hhayi seluleko setemtsetfo. Sivumelwano sakho, kufaka ekhatsi i-contract data yaso nanoma ngabe ngumaphi ema-Z clause (imibandzela lengetiwe), kuhlala kufika kucala.

Siyini Sehlakalo Senkhokhelo se-NEC?

Sehlakalo senkhokhelo sisehlakalo lesibhalwe esivumelwaneni se-NEC lesinika umkhontirakhi lilungelo lelushintjo kuma-Prices, ku-Completion Date nome ku-Key Date, nangabe sikutsintsa. Sigaba 60.1 se-NEC4 ECC sibala tehlakalo tenkhokhelo letingu-21, futsi i-contract data ingengeta letinye. Linyenti lato tehlakalo letilawulwa likhasimende nome ngu-Project Manager, nome tingoti letitfwalwa likhasimende.

Sehlakalo senkhokhelo asisiso sifuno ngendlela lejwayelekile. Awuphikisani ngemonakalo ekupheleni kwemsebenti. Sehlakalo ngasinye sibekwa umtsengo sodvwa, eduze nesikhatsi lesenteka ngaso, nge-quotation leba yincenye yesivumelwano nayemukelwa.

Lowo ngumcondvo lomkhulu we-NEC. Lushintjo lubekwa umtsengo njengoba lwenteka, ngako tinhlangotsi tombili tati simo setindleko nesikhatsi nganoma ngusiphi sikhatsi. Kusebenta kuphela nangabe ticwayiso nema-quotation kuhlonipha imikhawulo yesikhatsi.

Ngutiphi Tehlakalo Letibalwa Njengetehlakalo Tenkhokhelo?

Luhlu lwesigaba 60.1 lufaka tinguchuko letiyalelwa ngu-Project Manager, kwehluleka kwelikhasimende, naletinye tingoti letitfwalwa likhasimende, njengemhlabatsi longakajwayeleki nome simo selitulu lesibi kakhulu. Nangabe sehlakalo sikuloluhlu, nome sengetiwe ku-contract data, sisehlakalo senkhokhelo. Nangabe singekho, tindleko tihlala kuwe. Leti tehlakalo emakontraka ebunjiniyela labahlangabetana nato kakhulu:

Luhlobo lwesehlakalo	Sibonelo lesijwayelekile sebunjiniyela	Loko lokufanele ukurekhode ngalelo langa
Siyalelo lesishintja i-Scope	U-Project Manager ushintja indlela yelipayipi nome umklamo welungcweti	Siyalelo lesibhaliwe nekubuyeketwa kwemdvwebo
Likhasimende alinikeli kungena ngesikhatsi	Incenye ye-road reserve ayinikelwa ngelilanga lelise-Accepted Programme	Lilanga lekungena lebelilindzelekile nelilanga lekunikwa
Likhasimende nome labanye abasebenti ngesikhatsi	Kususwa kwetinsita lokwentiwa ngulabanye kuyephuta futsi kuvimba umsebenti wakho	Lilanga lesemkhicitweni nelilanga lelingempela
Timo temhlabatsi	Litje lelicinile nome emanti angaphansi kwemhlabatsi umkhontirakhi lonelwati bekangatsi anetfuba lelincane kakhulu lekwenteka	Titfombe, imiphumela yekuhlola nelwati lwesiteni lowabeka ngalo umtsengo
Simo selitulu	Imvula ngenyanga, uma kucatsaniswa nedatha yesimo selitulu, lenteka ngesilinganiso lesingaphansi kwakanye eminyakeni lelishumi	Kulinganiswa kwesimo selitulu endzaweni lebhalwe ku-contract data
Imphendvulo yaka-Project Manager lesephuzile	Imphendvulo kusitfunyelwa ifika ngemuva kwesikhatsi lesivunyelwe sivumelwano	Lilanga lekutfumela nelilanga lemphendvulo
Kuvinjelwa (Prevention)	Sehlakalo lesikuvimba kucedza ngesikhatsi futsi kute umkhontirakhi lonelwati lobekangasivimba	Bufakazi besehlakalo nemphumela waso

Luhlu ngco nemagama kuyehlukahluka emkhatsini we-NEC3 ne-NEC4, nasemkhatsini wema-Option lamakhulu. Fundza sigaba 60.1 esivumelwaneni sakho, nanoma ngutiphi tehlakalo letengetiwe ku-contract data.

Usicwayisa Njani Sehlakalo Senkhokhelo?

Cwayisa u-Project Manager ngekubhala masinyane nawuva ngesehlakalo, futsi ungadlulisi emaviki lasiphohlongo ngemuva kwaloko. Ngaphansi kwesigaba 61.3, nangabe u-Project Manager angasitfoli sicwayiso sakho ngekhatsi kwemaviki lasiphohlongo, ulahlekelwa lilungelo lelushintjo kuma-Prices, ku-Completion Date nome ku-Key Date.

Lomkhawulo awusebenti lapho u-Project Manager bekufanele asicwayise sehlakalo kodvwa angakwenti. Ngaphandle kwaloko, umhlahlandlela we-NEC ngetehlakalo tenkhokhelo ukhuluma ngco. Sicwayiso lesifika sephuzile silahlekelwa lilungelo, noma licala lilihle.

Ekusebenteni:

Cwayisa kusenesikhatsi, noma ungakaciniseki. Sicwayiso asikudli lutfo. Sicwayiso lesiphutsiwe singakudla sonkhe sehlakalo.
Hlola ema-Z clause. Emakhasimende ngaletinye tikhatsi ancipha emaviki lasiphohlongo. Sikhatsi lesisesivumelwaneni sakho ngiso lesibalwako.
Sebentisa imitsetfo yekuchumana yesivumelwano. Ticwayiso kufanele tibe ngelifomu nangendlela lebhalwe sivumelwano. Umlayeto we-WhatsApp kumnjiniyela wesiteni awusiso sicwayiso.
Sihlanganise nesicwayiso sekusenesikhatsi (early warning). Nangabe ubone inkinga isita, kufanele ibe sele isesirejistanini sema-early warning.

Luvivinyo lwemaviki lasiphohlongo. Bhala tonkhe tehlakalo esivumelwaneni sakho se-NEC lesisebentako tetinyanga letimbili letendlulile. Kuso ngasinye, tfola lilanga lowava ngalo ngaso nelilanga sicwayiso sakho lesibhaliwe lesafika ngalo ku-Project Manager. Nanoma ngusiphi sikhala lesisondzele emavikini lasiphohlongo singoti longakhona kuyilungisa namuhla.

Kwenteka Ini Ngemuva Kwekucwayisa?

Ngemuva kwekucwayisa, u-Project Manager unquma kutsi sehlakalo sisehlakalo senkhokhelo yini, futsi nangabe kunjalo, ukucela i-quotation. Umhlahlandlela we-NEC unika u-Project Manager liviki linye kutsi aphendvule, ngaphandle kwekutsi kuvunyelwane ngesikhatsi lesidze. Wena-ke unemaviki lamatsatfu kutsi utfumele i-quotation yemphumela wesikhatsi netindleko. U-Project Manager uphendvula i-quotation ngekhatsi kwemaviki lamabili.

Sinyatselo	Ngubani	Sikhatsi lesijwayelekile (NEC4 ECC)
Cwayisa sehlakalo	Umkhontirakhi	Ngekhatsi kwemaviki lasiphohlongo ngemuva kwekuva ngaso (sigaba 61.3)
Nquma kutsi sisehlakalo senkhokhelo yini	U-Project Manager	Liviki linye, ngaphandle kwekutsi kuvunyelwane ngesikhatsi lesidze
Tfumela i-quotation	Umkhontirakhi	Emaviki lamatsatfu ngemuva kwekuyalelwa kutsi uyitfumele (sigaba 62.3)
Phendvula i-quotation	U-Project Manager	Emaviki lamabili ngemuva kwekutfunyelwa (sigaba 62.3)
Kuhlola kwakhe	U-Project Manager	Lapho umkhontirakhi angatfumeli i-quotation ngesikhatsi, nome i-quotation ingemukelwa

U-Project Manager angemukela i-quotation, acele lebuyeketiwe, nome ente kuhlola kwakhe. Sivumelwano siphindze sibe nendlela yekwemukelwa lokutsatfwa njengalokwentekile (deemed acceptance) lapho u-Project Manager angaphendvuli ngesikhatsi. Kudzinga lesinye sicwayiso lesivela kuwe, ngako landzela tinyatselo ngco telushicilelo lwakho. Ungacabangi kutsi kuthula kusho yebo.

Sehlolwa Njani Sehlakalo Senkhokhelo?

Sehlakalo senkhokhelo sihlolwa ngemphumela waso ku-Defined Cost kanye ne-Fee, nangekuphela lokuhleliwe lokukhonjiswe ku-Accepted Programme. Ngaphansi kwesigaba 63.1 se-NEC4, tindleko tehlukaniswa ngelilanga lekwehlukanisa (dividing date): i-Defined Cost lengempela yemsebenti lesewentiwe, ne-Defined Cost lebikezelwe yemsebenti lolungakentiwa. Umphumela wesikhatsi kuhlola lokuhlukile.

I-Defined Cost ligama lelichazwe sivumelwano. Kubalwa kuphela tincenye tetindleko letivunyelwe sivumelwano, futsi i-Fee iliphesenti lelibekwe ku-contract data. Nasi sibonelo lesilula, ngetinombolo tesibonelo:

Intfo	Sisekelo	Inani
Defined Cost lebikezelwe	Kumba lokungetiwe etjeni ku-140 m welipayipi: bantfu, imishini netintfo tekwakha	R420,000
Fee	Liphesenti le-Fee ku-contract data (12%, sibonelo)	R50,400
Lushintjo kuma-Prices	Defined Cost kanye ne-Fee	R470,400
Lushintjo ku-Completion Date	Kuphela lokuhleliwe kuya embili ku-Accepted Programme	emalanga la-9

Lilanga lekwehlukanisa libalulekile. Lapho sehlakalo siyalelo lesivela ku-Project Manager, lilanga lekwehlukanisa lilanga lalesiyalelo, ngako linyenti lekuhlola tindleko letibikezelwe. Loko kuvuza umkhontirakhi lokhona kubeka umtsengo masinyane asebentisa emanani lamahle nemarekhodi emishini.

Gcina i-Accepted Programme yakho isesikhatsini. Umphumela wesikhatsi ulinganiswa ngayo. Luhlelo lolusele emuva ngetinyanga lwenta kutsi kuhlola kwesikhatsi ngakunye kube yimphikiswano.

Kuhlobana Njani Nema-Early Warning?

Ema-early warning netehlakalo tenkhokhelo kusebenta ndzawonye: ucwayisa ngengoti kusenesikhatsi, futsi nangabe iba sehlakalo senkhokhelo, sicwayiso sivikela kuhlola kwakho. Ngaphansi kwe-NEC, tinhlangotsi tombili kufanele tinikete i-early warning ngetindzaba letingenyusa tindleko nome tephuzise kuphela. Nangabe bekufanele ucwayise kodvwa awukwenta, sehlakalo singahlolwa ngatsi wena wacwayisa.

Lomtsetfo ungakudla imali. Nangabe i-early warning beyitawuvumela licembu kutsi litfole sisombululo lesishiphile, kuhlola kungasekelwa kulesosisombululo lesishiphile.

Ngako lirejista lema-early warning akusiwo emaphepha nje. Phakamisa ticwayiso ngekubhala, uye emihlanganweni yema-early warning, futsi urekhode tento letivunyelwene. Nakulandzela sehlakalo, hlanganisa sicwayiso sesehlakalo ne-early warning.

Tehlakalo Tenkhokhelo te-NEC Ticatsaniswa Njani Netifuno te-GCC?

Tivumelwano tombili tikhokhela lushintjo, kodvwa i-NEC ibeka umtsengo esehlakalweni ngasinye njengoba senteka ngekwe-Defined Cost, kantsi i-GCC ibeka linani letinguchuko ngemanani e-bill futsi iphatsa emanye emalungelo ngetifuno. Emakontraka ebunjiniyela baseNingizimu Afrika avame kusebenta ngaphansi kwetinhlobo tombili, ngaletinye tikhatsi ngemnyaka munye, ngako imikhuba akumele ixubane.

	NEC4 ECC	GCC 2015
Lushintjo lubekwa njani umtsengo	Defined Cost kanye ne-Fee, ngesehlakalo ngasinye	Emanani e-bill lapho asebenta khona, ngaphandle kwaloko njengoba kubekwe sivumelwano
Ngubani lonqumako	U-Project Manager	I-Employer’s Agent
Sicwayiso	Emaviki lasiphohlongo ngaphansi kwesigaba 61.3, ngaphandle kwekutsi kushintjiwe	Tikhatsi letibekwe esigabeni setifuno, hlola lushicilelo lwakho
Umphumela wesikhatsi	Kuphela lokuhleliwe ku-Accepted Programme	Kwelulwa kwesikhatsi ngaphansi kwesivumelwano
Irekhodi lelikhulu	Ema-early warning, ticwayiso, ema-quotation	Ema-variation order, tifuno, kulinganisa

Ohlangotsini lwe-GCC, umhlahlandlela wetfu we-nchubo yesignesha yekukhokha ye-GCC ufaka emasignesha nekubanjwa kwemali (retention), futsi umhlahlandlela wetfu we-GCC 2015 vs i-GCC 2025 ufaka imikhawulo yesikhatsi lemisha yetifuno. Umhlahlandlela wa-Wakha we-JBCC vs NEC vs GCC tivumelwano ucatsanisa tinhlobo letintsatfu ngalokubanzi.

Ngumaphi Emarekhodi Lawina Sehlakalo Senkhokhelo?

Umkhontirakhi lowina tehlakalo tenkhokhelo te-NEC nguye lonemarekhodi esiteni lakhona kubeka umtsengo esehlakalweni ngekhatsi kwemalanga, hhayi lophikisana kahle kakhulu. Ema-quotation asebenta nge-Defined Cost netindleko letibikezelwe, ngako udzinga emarekhodi langempela ebantfu, emishini netintfo tekwakha, neluhlelo lolusesikhatsini, ngaso sonkhe sikhatsi.

Gcina lamarekhodi asesikhatsini kuso sonkhe sivumelwano se-NEC:

Lirejista leticwayiso: sehlakalo, lilanga lowava ngalo, lilanga lekucwayisa, lilanga lemphendvulo, lilanga le-quotation.
Emarekhodi esiteni langelilanga: basebenti nemishini emsebentini ngamunye, simo selitulu, kungena nekwephuta, kanye netitfombe.
Emahora nemitsengo yemishini: sisekelo selinyenti le-Defined Cost yebunjiniyela.
I-Accepted Programme: ibuyeketwe futsi itfunyelwe njengoba sivumelwano sifuna.
Lirejista lema-early warning: tingoti letiphakanyisiwe, tento letivunyelwene nemalanga.

I-software yekuphatsa kwakha kwebunjiniyela lefana ne-Sakha igcina i-dayari yesiteni, emarekhodi emishini, emadokhumende nekuphatsa sivumelwano erekhodini linye lelicloud, ngako i-quotation icala kudatha licembu lese liyibambile. Noma ngabe usebentisa liphi ithuluzi, imikhawulo yesikhatsi esivumelwaneni ayinyakati.

Imibuto Lehlala Ibutwa

Siyini sehlakalo senkhokhelo se-NEC?

Sisehlakalo lesibhalwe esivumelwaneni se-NEC, ikakhulu esigabeni 60.1, lesingamnika umkhontirakhi lilungelo lesikhatsi lesengetiwe nemali. Sifaka tinguchuko letiyalelwa ngu-Project Manager, kwehluleka kwelikhasimende naletinye tingoti telikhasimende. Sehlakalo ngasinye sibekwa umtsengo sodvwa nge-quotation.

Uyini umkhawulo wesikhatsi wemaviki lasiphohlongo we-NEC?

Ngaphansi kwesigaba 61.3, umkhontirakhi kufanele acwayise sehlakalo senkhokhelo ngekhatsi kwemaviki lasiphohlongo ngemuva kwekuva ngaso. Sicwayiso lesephuzile silahlekelwa lilungelo lelushintjo kuma-Prices, ku-Completion Date nome ku-Key Date. Ema-Z clause angasincipha lesikhatsi, ngako hlola sivumelwano sakho.

Umkhontirakhi unesikhatsi lesingakanani sekutfumela i-quotation?

Ngaphansi kwesigaba 62.3 se-NEC4 ECC, emaviki lamatsatfu ngemuva kwesiyalelo saka-Project Manager sekutsi ayitfumele. U-Project Manager ube sewuphendvula ngekhatsi kwemaviki lamabili. I-contract data nome ema-Z clause angashintja letikhatsi.

Kwenteka ini nangabe umkhontirakhi angatfumeli i-quotation?

U-Project Manager uhlola sehlakalo senkhokhelo. Lokuhlola akukavami kuba nekupha kakhulu kune-quotation yakho, ngako kutfumela ngesikhatsi cishe kuhlala kukusita.

Uyini umehluko emkhatsini wetehlakalo tenkhokhelo te-NEC3 ne-NEC4?

Inchubo iyafana kakhulu. I-NEC4 isebentisa emagama lehlukile, njenge-Client esikhundleni se-Employer ne-Scope esikhundleni se-Works Information. Iphindze yetfula lilanga lekwehlukanisa kutsi kwehlukaniswe tindleko letingempela naletibikezelwe. Hlola lushicilelo nema-Option esivumelwaneni sakho.

Umphetfo

Tehlakalo tenkhokhelo te-NEC tivuza kutiphatsa. Cwayisa ngekubhala kusenesikhatsi futsi ungedluli emaviki lasiphohlongo. Tfumela i-quotation ngekhatsi kwemaviki lamatsatfu, nge-Defined Cost longayifakazela. Gcina i-Accepted Programme isesikhatsini kuze sikhatsi sihlolwe. Hlanganisa sehlakalo ngasinye ne-early warning lapho ukhona. Ungatsatsi kuthula kwaka-Project Manager njengekwemukela ngaphandle kwekulandzela tinyatselo tesivumelwano. Imikhawulo yesikhatsi imfishane ngenhloso. Licembu lelirekhoda siteni onkhe malanga lingayihlangabetana nayo, futsi likhokhelwe lushintjo lusesasha.

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