Inqubo Yokuvunywa Kwamapulani Okwakha eNingizimu Afrika

Inqubo Yokuvunywa Kwamapulani Okwakha eNingizimu Afrika: Umhlahlandlela Wokuhambisana Osebenzayo

Inqubo yokuvunywa kwamapulani okwakha eNingizimu Afrika abathuthukisi nabakhi ababhekana nayo yilapho amaphrojekthi amaningi elahlekelwa ngamandla khona ngisho nangaphambi kokuba kuqale ukusungulwa kwesiza. Amadrowing ayathunyelwa, abuyiswe ukuze alungiswe, bese ephinde ethunyelwa, ngenkathi ama-preliminaries eqhubeka futhi izinsuku zohlelo zihamba. Ngesikhathi ukuvunywa kufika, osonkontileka bavame ukubhekana nesikhathi sokwakha esincanyelwe, ingcindezi yokuthenga nobunzima bokugeleza kwemali.

Lo mhlahlandlela uhlukanisa inqubo ibe yizinyathelo ezisebenzayo ongazisebenzisa emaphrojekthini angempela. Uhlanganisa lokho omasipala abakuhlola ngempela, imibhalo evame ukubangela ukubambezeleka, lapho imithwalo yezomthetho neyobuchwepheshe ikhona, nendlela yokwakha ukugeleza komsebenzi kokuhambisana okuvikela uhlelo, isabelomali nokwethembeka kwethenda.

Kungani inqubo yokuvunywa kwamapulani okwakha emaphrojekthini aseNingizimu Afrika ima

Ukubambezeleka kokuvunywa akuvamile ukubangelwa yinkinga eyodwa. Ezimweni eziningi, kuvela ochungechungeni lokungahambisani phakathi kwenhloso yomklamo, izilawuli zokuhlela nekhwalithi yokuthunyelwa.

Izimbangela ezijwayelekile zokubambezeleka zihlanganisa:

Imiqondo yomklamo engahambisani namalungelo e-zoning, i-coverage, i-floor area ratio noma ama-building line.
Amaphakethe esicelo angaphelele, ikakhulukazi imibhalo yobunikazi engekho, amafomu okuqokwa noma i-rational design motivation.
Amadrowing angakhombisi imininingwane yobuchwepheshe eyanele yokuhlolwa ngokumelene ne-National Building Regulations.
Ukuxhumanisa okwephuzile phakathi komakhi wezakhiwo (architect), unjiniyela, umeluleki womlilo nomhleli wedolobha (town planner).
Imicabango ngezikhathi zikamasipala zokuphendula engabonakali ezabelweni zobungozi bohlelo.

Kusonkontileka, lokhu kunemiphumela eqondile yezohwebo. Izinsuku zokuqala ziyashintsha, izibophezelo zama-subcontractor ziba zingazinzile, futhi amanani okuxoxiswene ngawo angaphelelwa yisikhathi. Kumthuthukisi, ukuvunywa okubambezelekile kukhuphula izindleko zenzalo nezokugcina ngenkathi imali engenayo yokuthengisa noma yokuqasha iqala kamuva kunokuhleliwe. Isigaba sokuhlela asiwona umsebenzi wokuphatha nje; siyiphuzu elikhulu lokulawula ubungozi bokuletha.

Uhlaka lwemithetho okufanele wonke amathimba alubalule ngaphambi kokuthumela

Indlela elungele ukukhiqiza iqala ngokuqonda isitaki somthetho esilawula izinqumo zokulawulwa kokwakha eNingizimu Afrika.

Okungenani, amathimba kufanele abalule lezi zendlalelo:

Isendlalelo somthetho	Okulawulayo	Umthelela osebenzayo
National Building Regulations and Building Standards Act 103 of 1977	Isisekelo esisemthethweni sokuhlola kukamasipala namandla okuvuma	Izicelo kufanele zanelise izidingo zomthetho ngaphambi kokuba umsebenzi uqale ngokusemthethweni
National Building Regulations (kufaka phakathi izidingo ze-SANS 10400 deemed-to-satisfy)	Amazinga obuchwepheshe okusebenza nokuphepha	Amadrowing nemininingwane kufanele kukhombise ukuhambisana, hhayi inhloso nje
Uhlelo lokuhlela lukamasipala nemithetho kamasipala (by-laws)	Amalungelo okusetshenziswa komhlaba, ukuminyana, ama-building line, ukupaka, ama-overlay	Amapulani angenqatshwa ngisho noma enembile ngokobuchwepheshe uma izilawuli zokusetshenziswa komhlaba zephuliwe
Izilawuli zokuhlela ezihambisana ne-SPLUMA	Umongo wokuhlela indawo nokuphathwa kokusetshenziswa komhlaba	Izinqubo ze-rezoning/consent use zingadingeka ngaphambi kokuba ukuvunywa kwamapulani okwakha kwenzeke

Ukuziphendulela kochwepheshe nakho kubalulekile ngokulinganayo. Abakhi bezakhiwo, onjiniyela nabanye abantu abanekhono basayinela izingxenye zomthwalo wokuhambisana. Uma umklamo wakho uthembele ezindleleni ze-rational design, i-motivation nezibalo ezisekelayo kufanele ziqine futhi zihambisane nephakethe lokuthunyelwa.

Amaphrojekthi ezindlu nawo adinga ukuqaphela ukulandelana nezibopho ze-NHBRC lapho kusebenza khona. Ukugcina imifudlana yokuhambisana ihlanganisiwe kugwema izimanga zesigaba sokugcina eziphoqa ukuklama kabusha. Uma ithimba lakho likhulisa ukuvuthwa kokuhambisana kuwo wonke umsebenzi kahulumeni nozimele, lesi sihloko siwusizo ekulungeleni ukuthenga nethenda: amagrade e-CIDB achaziwe: okushiwo amagrade 1 kuya ku-9.

Ukugeleza komsebenzi kokuthumela isinyathelo ngesinyathelo okunciphisa ukuphinda umsebenzi

Ukugeleza komsebenzi okunesiyalo kuyisivikelo esingcono kakhulu emazwaneni aphindaphindayo kamasipala. Sebenzisa lokhu kulandelana njengohlaka lokulawula, bese ukujwayelanisa nezidingo zikamasipala wendawo.

Isigaba	Izenzo ezibalulekile	Umnikazi oyinhloko	Umphumela ojwayelekile
1. Ukuhlola ngaphambi kwesicelo	Qinisekisa i-zoning, izithiyo ze-title deed, ama-servitude, ama-overlay, izinto ezibangela ukuhlolwa kwamagugu/kwemvelo	Umthuthukisi + umhleli wedolobha + umakhi wezakhiwo	Inothi lokwenzeka elinendlela yokuvunywa
2. Ukuxhumanisa umklamo	Hambisanisa okufakwa kwezakhiwo, kwesakhiwo, kwe-civil, komlilo nokwezinsizakalo kusenesikhathi	Umakhi wezakhiwo + onjiniyela	Isethi yomklamo ehlanganisiwe
3. Ukubuyekezwa kokuhambisana	Hlola amapulani ngokumelene ne-NBR/SANS 10400 nohlu lukamasipala	Umakhi wezakhiwo + ithimba lokuhambisana	I-redline yangaphakathi nerekhodi lezinkinga
4. Ukuhlanganiswa kwephakethe lokuthunyelwa	Hlanganisa amafomu, ubufakazi bobunikazi, i-power of attorney lapho idingeka, amapulani, imibiko, ubufakazi benkokhelo yemali	Umphathi wephrojekthi + ochwepheshe	Ifayela lesicelo eliphelele
5. Umjikelezo wokubuyekeza kukamasipala	Landelela imibuzo, phendula ngokubhaliwe, thumela kabusha izibuyekezo nokulawula izinguqulo	Umakhi wezakhiwo + umxhumanisi	Irejista yezimpendulo zemibuzo nokuthunyelwa kabusha
6. Ukuvala ukuvunywa	Thola imibhalo yokuvunywa enesitembu nemibandela, chazela amathimba esiza ne-QS	Umthuthukisi + usonkontileka	Isethi yemibhalo evunyelwe ukwakha

Uhlu lokuhlola ngaphambi kokuthumela (isethi encane yokulawula)

Qinisekisa imininingwane ye-erf, idatha yobunikazi negunya lokufaka isicelo.
Qinisekisa amalungelo e-zoning nama-departure adingekayo, uma ekhona.
Qinisekisa izidingo zokupaka, ukungena, amanzi esiphepho nomlilo nezilawuli zendawo.
Qiniseka ukuthi wonke amadrowing ahlanganisiwe futhi abhekiswe ngokuhambisanayo.
Lungisa isifanekiso sezimpendulo esisemthethweni samazwana kamasipala ngaphambi kokuthumela okokuqala.
Bhala izinguqulo zemibhalo ukuze amathimba esiza angalokothi akhe ngamapulani angasasebenzi.

Phatha ukuthunyelwa kwangaphambili njengokubuyekezwa kwesango, hhayi njengokwenziwa nje. Ukubambezeleka kwesonto elilodwa ukulungisa izikhala zekhwalithi ngaphambi kokufaka kuvame ukonga izinyanga emjikelezweni wokuvunywa.

Kungani amaspredishithi namathuluzi ahlukene ehluleka ekuphathweni kokuvunywa

Amathimba amaningi awehluleki ngoba ashoda ngolwazi lobuchwepheshe. Ayehluleka ngoba ulwazi lokuhambisana luhlakazekile kuzo zonke izingxoxo ze-imeyili, ama-tracker amaspredishithi namafolda endawo anokulawula okubuthaka kwezinguqulo.

Amaphethini avamile okwehluleka:

Ispredishithi esisodwa silandelela amazwana, esinye silandelela izimali, futhi akukho nesisodwa esixhumana nomlando wezinguqulo zamadrowing.
Osonkontileka bathola amaphakethe amapulani aphelelwe yisikhathi ngemva kokuthunyelwa kabusha bese beqhubeka nokuthenga ngemininingwane engasasebenzi.
Amathimba ezimali awakwazi ukulinganisa ngokunembile izindleko zokuhlehla kokuvunywa ngokumelene nama-preliminaries nezindleko zezimali.
Amathimba ezinkontileka alethwa sekwephuzile, ngakho izaziso ze-time-bar noma izikhundla zokwelulwa kwesikhathi zibuthaka uma ukuvunywa kuhambisa izinsuku ze-critical path.

Yilapho inqubo nokuphathwa kwezohwebo kudinga ukuxhumana khona. Uma ukubambezeleka kuhambisa ubungozi bokuqedwa, ukuphathwa kwenkontileka kufanele kuphendule kusenesikhathi. Ngokuzithiba kwenkokhelo nezaziso ngaphansi kwezinhlaka zenkontileka zendawo, lo mhlahlandlela usiza ukuhambisanisa izilawuli: umhlahlandlela wesitifiketi senkokhelo se-JBCC wamaphrojekthi aseNingizimu Afrika. Ukuze uvikele ukuqina kweshejuli kulo lonke uhlelo, faka ukuvunywa ohlelweni lwakho lokulawula ukubambezeleka usebenzisa: ukubambezeleka kwamaphrojekthi okwakha eNingizimu Afrika nendlela yokukunciphisa.

Umthetho osebenzayo: wonke umbuzo kamasipala kufanele ube nomnikazi, usuku lokugcina, impendulo yomklamo nenothi lomthelela wezohwebo. Uma kukhona okukodwa kwalokho okungekho, uthwala ubungozi bohlelo obufihlekile.

Isimo sokusetshenziswa saseNingizimu Afrika: kusukela ekuthunyelweni okumile kuya epulanini elivunyiwe

Cabanga ngokuthuthukiswa kokusetshenziswa okuxubile okuphakeme ngokulingene lapho ithimba lihlose ukuqala ukwakha ngekota yesi-3. Umsebenzi wokuqala womqondo wawubukeka ungenzeka, kodwa ukuthunyelwa okusemthethweni kwaveza izikhala:

Uhlelo lokupaka lwalungqubuzana nencazelo yohlelo lokuhlela lwendawo.
Amadrowing okuphunyuka emlilweni nokuphuma ayengahambisani kuwo wonke amaphakethe abeluleki.
Imininingwane yamanzi esiphepho yayidinga ukucaciswa okwengeziwe kobunjiniyela.
Imikhawulo ye-title deed yatholakala sekwephuzile, okwaphoqa ukubuyekezwa kwezomthetho.

Umthuthukisi wabe esesetha kabusha ukulawula esebenzisa i-sprint yokuvunywa ehlelekile:

Waqhuba i-workshop yezinsuku ezimbili yokuvumelanisa ubuchwepheshe nokuhlela kuwo wonke amakhono.
Wakhipha irejista eyodwa yamadrowing engumthombo weqiniso enokukhiya izinguqulo.
Waqoka umxhumanisi wokuhambisana onomthwalo wazo zonke izimpendulo kumasipala.
Wengeza ukubika kobungozi bokuvunywa kwamasonto onke ekuphathweni kwephrojekthi okuphezulu.
Wabuyekeza izibikezelo zezimali ukuze zifake i-contingency yokuvunywa nokuhlela izimo.

Umphumela: umjikelezo wokuthunyelwa olandelayo wawuhlanzekile kakhulu, amazwana ayembalwa, futhi izinqumo zokuthenga ezalandela zenziwa ngolwazi oluvunyiwe esikhundleni semicabango.

Isifundo esiyinhloko singesokusebenza, hhayi esethiyori. Impumelelo yokuvunywa incike ezilawulini ezihlanganisiwe phakathi komklamo, ukuhambisana, izinkontileka nezimali. Uma ithimba lakho lephrojekthi lisaphatha ukuvunywa njengomsebenzi wokuphatha ozimele, ukuqiniseka kweshejuli kuzohlala kubuthaka.

Elinye iphuzu elisebenzayo wukulungela ukuhlolwa. Uma ukuvunywa sekunikeziwe, amathimba esiza asadinga ukulawula imibhalo okunesiyalo ukuze asekele ukuhlolwa futhi agweme okutholakele kokungahambisani okubangela ukuphinda umsebenzi. Gcina amadrowing anesitembu, imiyalelo kanjiniyela namarekhodi okuchibiyela etholakala esizeni kusukela ngosuku lokuqala. Ukuvunywa kuyisango, kodwa ubufakazi bokuhambisana obuqhubekayo yibo obugcina iphrojekthi iqhubeka ngaphandle kokumiswa.

Ngubani okufanele asebenzise le nqubo nokuthi uyisebenzisa nini

Lolu hlaka lokulawula lufaneleke kakhulu:

Kubakhi bezindlu abaphatha izindlu ezenziwe ngokwezifiso, ama-cluster noma amaphrojekthi ama-townhouse lapho incazelo kamasipala nekhwalithi yokuthunyelwa kungathinta ngokushesha izinsuku zokuletha.
Kosonkontileka bezohwebo abaxhumanisa abeluleki abaningi nezibopho zenkontileka emsebenzini wamahhovisi, izitolo, izimboni noma wokusetshenziswa okuxubile.
Kubathuthukisi bempahla abathwala izindleko zezimali kuzo zonke izigaba zokwenzeka, zokuvunywa nezokwenziwa.
Kubaphathi bamaphrojekthi nabaphathi bezinkontileka abadinga imbangela yokubambezeleka ebhaliwe nokuphathwa okucacile kohlelo.

Kusebenzise kusukela esigabeni sokwenzeka nesomklamo womqondo, hhayi kuphela uma amadrowing okugcina eselungile. Uma uhambisanisa amalungelo okuhlela, ukuhambisana kobuchwepheshe nokuphathwa kokuthunyelwa kusenesikhathi, ubungozi bakho bokuphinda umsebenzi kamuva buba buncane.

Sebenzisa lolu hlu olufushane lokusebenza njengesisekelo sakho sokwethula:

Umbuzo wokulawula	Yebo/Cha
Ingabe amalungelo e-zoning nezidingo ze-departure kuqinisekisiwe ngokubhaliwe?
Ingabe kukhona irejista eyodwa yamadrowing avunyiwe enesiyalo sezinguqulo?
Ingabe ukuthunyelwa komakhi wezakhiwo, kukanjiniyela nokochwepheshe kuhlanganiswe ngokobuchwepheshe?
Ingabe wonke umbuzo kamasipala unomnikazi oqanjwe ngegama nosuku lokugcina?
Ingabe ukubambezeleka kokuvunywa kulinganiswe ezimweni zohlelo nezokugeleza kwemali?
Ingabe izinqumo zokuqala ukwakha zixhunywe kuphela nesimo semibhalo evunyiwe?

Uma udinga ukubonakala okuqinile kwezindleko ngenkathi ukuvunywa kulindile, hlanganisa lokhu kugeleza komsebenzi nokubikezela okunesiyalo nokuhlela izinkokhelo: ukuphathwa kokugeleza kwemali ekwakheni eNingizimu Afrika.

Yakha ukuqiniseka enqubweni yokuvunywa kwamapulani okwakha amathimba aseNingizimu Afrika ayiqhubayo

Inqubo yokuvunywa kwamapulani okwakha eNingizimu Afrika amathimba athembele kuyo kufanele ikhiqize ukuqiniseka, hhayi ukubambezeleka okuphindaphindayo. Uma izilawuli zokuhambisana zihlanganiswe nokuxhumanisa umklamo, ukuphathwa kwenkontileka nokuhlela kwezimali, uvikela izinsuku zokuqala, unciphisa ukuphinda umsebenzi okugwemekayo futhi wenze izinqumo ezingcono ngaphansi kwengcindezi.

Uma ufuna uhlelo olulodwa lokuphatha ukugeleza komsebenzi kokuhambisana, izilawuli zephrojekthi nokuletha kokwakha kusukela ekwenzekeni kuya enikezelweni, bona ukuthi i-Wakha isiza kanjani amathimba aseNingizimu Afrika ukusebenza nokubambezeleka okumbalwa okuhlobene nokuvunywa.

Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa

Kuyini ukuvunywa kwamapulani okwakha eNingizimu Afrika?

Ukuvunywa kwamapulani okwakha yimvume ebhaliwe kamasipala yokwakha, enikezwa ngaphansi kwe-National Building Regulations and Building Standards Act 103 of 1977. I-building control officer ihlola amadrowing akho ngokumelene ne-National Building Regulations, i-SANS 10400 nohlelo lwe-zoning lwendawo. Isigaba 4 soMthetho sithi awunakuqala umsebenzi wokwakha ngaphandle kwalokhu kuvunywa kwangaphambili.

Kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani ukuvunywa kwamapulani okwakha eNingizimu Afrika?

Isigaba 7 se-Act 103 of 1977 sinika umasipala izinsuku ezingama-30 zokunquma ngamapulani ezakhiwo ezingaphansi kuka-500 m², nezinsuku ezingama-60 zezingu-500 m² noma ngaphezulu, ngemva kokuthola isicelo esiphelele. Empeleni, imibuzo nokuthunyelwa kabusha kuvame ukwengeza amasonto noma izinyanga, ngakho faka isabelo esingokoqobo ohlelweni lwakho.

Yimiphi imibhalo edingekayo ukuze kuvunywe amapulani okwakha?

Omasipala abaningi bacela ifomu lesicelo, ubufakazi bobunikazi obufana ne-title deed, i-power of attorney yomnikazi lapho i-agent ifaka isicelo, amapulani esiza nesakhiwo, amafomu okuqokwa konjiniyela nobufakazi benkokhelo yemali. Amanye amaphrojekthi aphinde adinge imibiko yomlilo, yamandla noma yamagugu. Hlola uhlu lukamasipala wakho ngaphambi kokuthumela.

Ngingaqala ukwakha ngaphambi kokuba amapulani ami avunywe?

Cha. Isigaba 4 se-National Building Regulations and Building Standards Act sivimbela ukwakha isakhiwo ngaphandle kokuvunywa kwangaphambili kukamasipala, ngaphandle komsebenzi othile omncane wokwakha. Ukwakha ngaphandle kokuvunywa kungaholela ezinhlawulweni, i-stop order nomyalelo wokudiliza. Kungabangela nezinkinga uma udayisa noma wenza umshwalense wempahla.

Kubiza malini ukuvunywa kwamapulani okwakha?

Umasipala ngamunye ubeka izindleko zawo, ngokuvamile ngokusekelwe endaweni yaphansi yesakhiwo nohlobo lomsebenzi. Izimali ziyashintsha unyaka ngamunye wezimali, ngakho sebenzisa uhlu lwamanani lwamanje kuwebhusayithi kamasipala wakho. Yenza nesabelomali sezimali zochwepheshe, njengomakhi wezakhiwo, unjiniyela nomhleli wedolobha, ezivame ukuba zinkulu kunemali kamasipala.

Izihloko ezihlobene: