Umshwalense Webakhontileka eNingizimu Afrika: Lokudzingako

Bakhontileka labanyenti batfola tikhala emshwalenseni wabo kuphela nangabe simangalo saliwa nome likomiti le-tender licela dokhumenti labangeke bayiveta.

Lesikhombisi sichaza kutsi ngumuphi umshwalense umakhontileka wekwakha lawudzingako eNingizimu Afrika, kutsi umtsetfo udzingani, kutsi tinkontileka te-JBCC, NEC ne-GCC ticelani, nekutsi ukugcina njani kuvikeleka kwakho nebufakazi kulungile kuto tonkhe tiza.

Ngumuphi umshwalense umakhontileka wekwakha lawudzingako eNingizimu Afrika?

Umakhontileka wekwakha eNingizimu Afrika uvame kudzinga kuvikeleka kwe-contract works (contractor’s all risk), kuvikeleka kwe-public liability, kubhaliswa ku-COIDA kwetisebenti futsi, lapho advweba khona, i-professional indemnity. Kubhaliswa ku-COIDA kuphela lokungumsebenti wemtsetfo kuyo yonkhe imcashi. Lokunye kuvikeleka kuvame kudzingwa yinkontileka yakho, likhasimende lakho nome i-tender yakho.

Lithebula lelingentasi libeka kuvikeleka lokukhulu.

Kuvikeleka	Loko lokukuvikelako	Ngubani lovame kukucela
Contract works nome contractor’s all risk (CAR)	Monakalo emsebentini, etintfweni letisesizeni nasemsebentini wesikhashana, sibonelo ngemlilo, sivunguvungu nome kwebiwa.	Inkontileka yekwakha (JBCC, NEC, GCC) nalobolekisa umcashi imali.
Public liability (builders’ liability)	Timangalo telitsatfu lelicembu tekulimala nome monakalo wemphahla lobangwa ngumsebenti wakho.	Inkontileka, umcashi, ema-body corporate nabomasipala.
Kubhaliswa ku-COIDA	Sinephelo setisebenti letilimala emsebentini nome letitfola sifo semsebenti.	Umtsetfo, kanye nayo yonkhe i-tender nemakhontileka lomkhulu.
Professional indemnity	Timangalo letivela emaphutseni ekudvweba nome eselulekweni sebangcweti.	Emakhasimende emsebentini we-design-and-build.
Imishini netisetjentiswa	Kulahleka nome monakalo wemishini lenayo nome loyicashile.	Tinkampani tekucashisa imishini nemigomo yakho yetimali.
Kuvikeleka kwe-SASRIA	Monakalo wetiphitsiphitsi, kutelekela nekuphatamiseka kwemphakatsi, lokungafakwa ngema-policy lajwayelekile.	Emakhasimende nalabolekisa ngemali etizeni letinengoti lenkhulu.
Timoto tenkampani	Timoto tenkampani nema-bakkie.	I-policy yakho yengoti nekuxhaswa kwetimoto.

Buta umeluleki wakho wemshwalense (broker) kutsi ngukuphi kuvikeleka lokufanele umsebenti wakho. Lokusele kulesikhombisi kukhombisa kutsi uhlola njani kutsi kuvikeleka kwakho kuyafana nenkontileka ngayinye.

Umtsetfo udzingani kubakhontileka?

Umtsetfo udzinga kutsi yonkhe imcashi ibhalise ku-Compensation Fund ngaphansi kwe-COIDA (i-Compensation for Occupational Injuries and Diseases Act 130 ka-1993) futsi ikhokhe ema-assessment emnyaka. I-Occupational Health and Safety Act 85 ka-1993 ne-Construction Regulations, 2014, kwengeta imisebenti yekuphepha tinkampani temshwalense nemakhasimende labayihlolako ngemuva kwesehlakalo.

Umtfombo	Loko lokusho kona kuwe	Bufakazi lokufanele ubugcine bulungile
COIDA (Act 130 ka-1993)	Bhalisa ku-Compensation Fund, tfumela i-return of earnings yemnyaka futsi ukhokhe ema-assessment.	Incwadzi yesimo lesihle, i-return of earnings, bufakazi benkhokhelo.
Occupational Health and Safety Act 85 ka-1993 ne-Construction Regulations, 2014	Gcina siza siphephile, nekuhlolwa kwengoti neluhlelo lwemphilo nekuphepha.	Kuhlolwa kwengoti, ema-method statement, i-register yetehlakalo, lifayela lekuphepha.
Unemployment Insurance Fund (UIF)	Bhalisa futsi umemetele tisebenti.	Kubhaliswa ku-UIF nekumemetela.
NHBRC (tindlu kuphela)	Bhalisa njengemakhi wetindlu futsi wente i-enrolment yendlu ngayinye lensha. Loluhlelo lwe-warranty, hhayi umshwalense wakho.	Sitifiketi sekubhaliswa, titifiketi te-enrolment, emarekhodi ekuhlolwa.

Ema-tender lamanyenti acela incwadzi ye-COIDA yesimo lesihle lesebentako. Uma iphelelwa sikhatsi, i-schedule yemshwalense lecinile ngeke iyisindzise i-bid.

Ngaseluhlangotsini lwe-NHBRC, buka tidzingo te-NHBRC eNingizimu Afrika.

Tinkontileka te-JBCC, NEC ne-GCC titsini ngemshwalense?

Tinkontileka te-JBCC, NEC ne-GCC tonkhe tibeka kutsi ngubani lofaka umshwalense emsebentini nasesibophweni selitsatfu lelicembu, nemanani netikhatsi letishiwo ku-contract data. Inkontileka ingaphindze idzinge emagama latsite, njengekubhala libito lemcashi ku-policy. I-policy yakho yemnyaka ingahle ingafanani nalemigomo ngaphandle kwekutsi uyihlole.

Ngaphambi kwekusayina, buta imibuto lemihlanu:

Licembu lelifanele lifakelwe umshwalense yini emsebentini lofanele?
Umkhawulo we-indemnity uphakeme ngalokwenele yini kulephrojekthi?
Emagama e-policy ayafana yini nema-clause enkontileka?
Kuvikeleka kuchubeka yini ngesikhatsi se-defects liability, lapho inkontileka ikucela?
Ungabuveta yini bufakazi ngekhatsi kwemahora langu-24?

Ekwakheni kwebhizinisi kwe-R35,000,000 eGauteng, sibonelo, umakhontileka angaba nekuvikeleka kwe-liability kwemnyaka kodvwa asephula inkontileka. Uma i-contract data idzinga i-policy ye-contract works yephrojekthi letsite, futsi ingekho ngaphambi kwekumiswa kwesiza, simangalo sesivunguvungu singaphikiswa. Umakhontileka angase atfwale kokubili tindleko tekulungisa netinhlawulo tekubambeteleka. Lesibonelo siyimfanekiso.

Cela umeluleki wakho wemshwalense kutsi acinisekise ngekubhala kutsi i-policy iyiphatsa njani:

intsandvo yemcashi lebhalwe ku-policy
i-waiver of subrogation, lapho inkontileka iyidzinga
i-cross liability emkhatsini wemacembu lafakelwe umshwalense
kuvikeleka kwe-SASRIA kwephrojekthi
ema-subcontractor lasebenta esizeni

Kutsi emafomu enkontileka ehlukana njani ngalokujwayelekile, buka i-JBCC ngekumelene ne-NEC ne-GCC.

Inchubo lesebentako yekulandzela umtsetfo wemshwalense

Inchubo lenhle yemshwalense icala ku-tender, ihlola emadokhumenti emtsetfo kucala, ifananisa emagama e-policy nenkontileka, futsi ivimba ema-subcontractor ngaphambi kwekutsi afike esizeni. Bese ibuketa kuvikeleka ngemuva kwayo yonkhe inguculo yemsebenti nangaphambi kwakho konkhe kuvuselela. Tinyatselo letisitfupha letingentasi tisebentela bakhontileka bekwakha banobe nguyiphi sayizi.

1) Yakha i-matrix yenkontileka ne-policy esigabeni se-tender

Bhala yonkhe i-clause yemshwalense enkontilekeni lesasalungiswa netidzingo temcashi. Ku-clause ngayinye, bhala luhlobo lwe-policy, umkhawulo, licembu lelinesibopho, bufakazi lobudzingeka ekunikweni kwenkontileka, nelilanga lekubuketa ngaphambi kwekumiswa kwesiza.

2) Hlola emadokhumenti emtsetfo kucala

Cinisekisa kutsi incwadzi yakho ye-COIDA yesimo lesihle nemarekhodi e-UIF asesikhatsini. Cinisekisa kutsi kwetfulwa kwakho esizeni kuchaza kutsi yini lokufanele yentiwe nangabe sisebenti silimala emsebentini.

3) Fananisa emagama e-policy nenkontileka

Ungacabangi kutsi emagama akho lajwayelekile anele. Gcina kucinisekisa lokubhaliwe kwemeluleki wemshwalense efayeleni lephrojekthi, hhayi ku-imeyili kuphela.

4) Vimba ema-subcontractor

Beka umtsetfo lolula: kute kwetfulwa futsi kute kungena esizeni kuze kube bufakazi bemshwalense buhloliwe futsi babhaliwe. Cela i-subcontractor ngayinye i-schedule yayo ye-public liability, incwadzi yayo ye-COIDA yesimo lesihle, emalanga e-policy lahlanganisa sikhatsi semsebenti, nekuvikeleka kwebangcweti emsebentini lonengoti lenkhulu njengekudiliza nome kuphakamisa nge-crane.

5) Buketa kuvikeleka ngemuva kwayo yonkhe inguculo yemsebenti

Nangabe umsebenti ushintja, ingoti iyashintja. Yonkhe i-variation order levunyiwe kufanele ibange kuhlolwa kwemshwalense ngaphambi kwekutsi umsebenti lomusha ucale.

6) Beka tikhumbuto tekuvuselela

Sebentisa tikhumbuto emalangeni langu-60, 30 na-14 ngaphambi kwekuphelelwa sikhatsi, nekuhlola kwenyanga kuwo onkhe emaphrojekthi lasebentako.

Gcina liphakethe lebufakazi bemshwalense ngephrojekthi ngayinye:

Dokhumenti	Kungani ibalulekile
I-policy schedule nema-endorsement, kuxhunywe nema-clause enkontileka	Kukhombisa kutsi kuvikeleka kuyafana nenkontileka.
Incwadzi ye-COIDA yesimo lesihle	Idzingwa ngema-tender nemakhontileka lomkhulu.
I-register yemshwalense wema-subcontractor nemalanga nemikhawulo	Kufakazela kutsi kute lose esizeni ngaphandle kwekuvikeleka.
Indlela yekwenyusela tehlakalo	Ikhombisa kutsi ngubani latjela umeluleki wemshwalense, inkampani yemshwalense, umcashi ne-principal agent.
I-tracker yetimangalo	Ibhala lilanga lesehlakalo, lilanga lesatiso nesimo sesimangalo.
Ikhalenda yekuvuselela lenebanikati labanemabito	Kuvimba kuvikeleka kutsi kuphelelwe sikhatsi ngetikhatsi letimatasatasa.

Kungani ema-spreadsheet ehluleka kulandzelela umshwalense

Ema-spreadsheet ayehluleka kulandzelela umshwalense nangabe umakhontileka asaphatsa tiza letinyenti, ngobe emalanga ekuphelelwa sikhatsi, imikhawulo nemadokhumenti ema-subcontractor kushintja ngekushesha kunekutsi umuntfu munye angalivuselela lifayela. Umphumela kuvikeleka lokuphelelwa sikhatsi kungabonwa nebufakazi lobungatfolakali nangabe simangalo nome i-tender ibudzinga.

Tinkinga letivamile:

Tinguculo letimbili. Licembu lebhizinisi lisebentisa i-schedule yinye, licembu lesiza lisebentisa lenye.
Kute umkhondvo we-audit. Angeke ukhombise kutsi ngubani lowavuma kushintja, nome nini.
Kuvuselela lokuphutsiwe. Emalanga ekuphelelwa sikhatsi asekholamu lengahlolwa ngumuntfu.
Kute kuxhumana nenkontileka. Imininingwane yemshwalense ihlala yodvwa kuma-clause enkontileka nakutinguculo temsebenti.
Bufakazi lobusabalele. Emadokhumenti ahlala ku-imeyili, kuma-drive labelwana ngawo nasku-WhatsApp.

Indlela lencono igcina emadokhumenti, emalanga nemarekhodi ema-subcontractor endzaweni yinye nephrojekthi. Ku-Wakha, emadokhumenti netitifiketi tema-sub-contractor kukuphrojekthi ngayinye, ne-autocompliance tracker legcina bufakazi bekulandzela umtsetfo embukweni munye.

Sifundvo lesifanako sisebenta ku-grading nakuma-tender. Buka sikhombisi semagrade ebakhontileka e-CIDB nemikhawulo kute utfole imikhawulo yelinani lephrojekthi.

Sibonelo: umshwalense ku-tender yetiza letintsatfu

Lesibonelo silandzela umakhontileka waKwaZulu-Natal ku-tender ye-R48,000,000 yekuvuselela imitfolamphilo lemitsatfu, kusukela ku-bid kuya esimangalweni. I-tender inemitsetfo lecinile yebufakazi bemshwalense, kucedza ngetigaba ne-retention. Ikhombisa kutsi inchubo lengetulu yonga sikhatsi esigabeni ngasinye, nekutsi kungani liphakethe lebufakazi libaluleke kakhulu nangabe kukhona lokwenteka kabi esizeni. Tinombolo timfanekiso.

Sigaba se-bid. Umakhontileka utfumela i-matrix yenkontileka ne-policy, incwadzi ye-COIDA yesimo lesihle lesebentako, ema-schedule e-public liability ne-contract works, nencwadzi yemeluleki wemshwalense lecinisekisa emagama. I-bid yendlula ekuhlolweni kwekulandzela umtsetfo ngaphandle kwemibuto.

Kumiswa kwesiza. Kuvimba ema-subcontractor kukhombisa bangcweti lababili labanemikhawulo ye-liability lephansi. Bobabili benyusa kuvikeleka kwabo ngaphambi kwekutsi bacale.

Kuletsa umsebenti. Inguculo yemsebenti yengeta umsebenti wekufinyelela i-facade. Inguculo ibanga kubuketwa kwemshwalense, futsi umeluleki wemshwalense uvuselela i-endorsement ngaphambi kwekutsi umsebenti ucale.

Sehlakalo. Umoya lomkhulu ulimata umsebenti wesikhashana kulesinye siza. Umakhontileka utfumela i-endorsement ye-policy, kuhlolwa kwengoti, lokubhalwe edayarini yesiza, titfombe nekuchumana ngelilanga lelifanako. Simangalo sihamba ngekushesha ngobe bufakazi buphelele futsi bunemalanga.

Baphatsi bangalandzelela tilinganiso letilula kuwo onkhe emaphrojekthi: incenye yemaphrojekthi lanema-policy laxhunywe nema-clause, incenye yema-subcontractor lahlolwe ngaphambi kwekungena esizeni, nesikhatsi lesitsatfwa kutfumela bufakazi besimangalo.

Umphumela Wekugcina

Umshwalense webakhontileka eNingizimu Afrika ngumsebenti wekulandzela umtsetfo lochubeka kusukela ku-tender kuya ku-final completion, hhayi kutsenga kanye ngemnyaka. Bhalisa ku-COIDA, fananisa i-policy ngayinye ne-contract data, vimba ema-subcontractor akho, futsi ubuketa kuvikeleka ngemuva kwayo yonkhe inguculo yemsebenti. Loko kuvikela ema-tender akho, timangalo takho ne-cash flow yakho.

Imibuto Lebutwa Njalo

Yini umshwalense we-contractor’s all risk?

I-contractor’s all risk (CAR), lebitwa nangekutsi ngumshwalense we-contract works, ivikela kulahleka nome monakalo wemsebenti losakhiwa. Loku kuhlanganisa tintfo letisesizeni nemsebenti wesikhashana, sibonelo ngemuva kwemlilo, sivunguvungu nome kwebiwa. Inkontileka yakho yekwakha ivame kusho kutsi ngubani lofanele atsatse lokuvikeleka, linani lelifakelwe umshwalense nesikhatsi lokufanele kusebente ngaso.

Yini umshwalense we-builders’ liability?

Umshwalense we-builders’ liability, nome we-public liability, uvikela timangalo telitsatfu lelicembu tekulimala nome monakalo wemphahla lobangwa ngumsebenti wakho. Sitini lesiwa silimate imoto yemakhelwane sibonelo lesijwayelekile. Tinkontileka letinyenti nebacashi bacela umkhawulo lomncane we-indemnity, ngako hlola i-contract data ngaphambi kwekusayina.

Umshwalense we-public liability uyaphoceleleka yini kubakhi eNingizimu Afrika?

Kute umtsetfo lojwayelekile lowenta umshwalense we-public liability uphoceleleke kubo bonkhe bakhi. Ekusebenteni, tinkontileka letinyenti tekwakha, bacashi, bomasipala nebakhontileka labakhulu bayawudzinga ngaphambi kwekutsi ucale umsebenti. Kubhaliswa ku-COIDA ngumsebenti wemtsetfo losebenta kuyo yonkhe imcashi, ngako phatsa kokubili njengencenye yekulandzela umtsetfo kwakho lokusisekelo.

Yini incwadzi ye-COIDA yesimo lesihle?

Yincwadzi levela ku-Compensation Fund lecinisekisa kutsi umcashi ubhalisiwe futsi usesikhatsini nema-return nema-assessment akhe ngaphansi kwe-COIDA. Ema-tender nebakhontileka labakhulu bayicela kute kufakazelwe kutsi tisebenti tivikelekile nangabe tilimala. Inelilanga lekuphelelwa sikhatsi, ngako yilandzelele njengalenye nobe nguyiphi dokhumenti yekulandzela umtsetfo.

I-enrolment ye-NHBRC iyawentjintja yini umshwalense webakhi?

Cha. Kubhaliswa ku-NHBRC ne-enrolment yendlu kuyincenye yeluhlelo lwe-warranty lwemtsetfo lolu vikela batsengi betindlu ngalamanye emaphutsa. Akuwuvikeli monakalo emsebentini ngesikhatsi sekwakha nome timangalo telitsatfu lelicembu. Usadzinga kuvikeleka kwe-contract works ne-public liability njengobe inkontileka yakho nome likhasimende lakho kudzinga.

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