Umshwalense Wosonkontileka e-SA: Okudingayo

Osonkontileka abaningi bathola izikhala zomshwalense wabo kuphela uma isimangalo senqatshwa noma ikomidi lethenda licela umbhalo abangakwazi ukuwuveza.

Lo mhlahlandlela uchaza ukuthi yimuphi umshwalense usonkontileka wokwakha awudingayo eNingizimu Afrika, ukuthi umthetho udingani, ukuthi izinkontileka ze-JBCC, NEC ne-GCC zicelani, nokuthi ungagcina kanjani isivikelo sakho nobufakazi kulungile kuzo zonke izizinda.

Yimuphi umshwalense usonkontileka wokwakha awudingayo eNingizimu Afrika?

Usonkontileka wokwakha eNingizimu Afrika ngokuvamile udinga isivikelo se-contract works (contractor’s all risk), isivikelo se-public liability, ukubhaliswa ku-COIDA kwabasebenzi, futhi, lapho eklama khona, i-professional indemnity. Ukubhaliswa ku-COIDA kuphela okungumsebenzi womthetho kuwo wonke umqashi. Ezinye izivikelo ngokuvamile zidingwa yinkontileka yakho, iklayenti lakho noma ithenda yakho.

Ithebula elingezansi libeka izivikelo eziyinhloko.

Isivikelo	Okuvikelayo	Ngubani ovame ukusicela
Contract works noma contractor’s all risk (CAR)	Umonakalo emisebenzini, ezintweni zokwakha ezisesizeni nasemisebenzini yesikhashana, isibonelo ngenxa yomlilo, isiphepho noma ukwebiwa.	Inkontileka yokwakha (JBCC, NEC, GCC) nobolekisa umqashi.
Public liability (builders’ liability)	Izimangalo zabantu besithathu zokulimala noma umonakalo wempahla obangelwe ngumsebenzi wakho.	Inkontileka, umqashi, ama-body corporate nomasipala.
Ukubhaliswa ku-COIDA	Isinxephezelo sabasebenzi abalimala emsebenzini noma abathola isifo somsebenzi.	Umthetho, kanye nayo yonke ithenda nosonkontileka omkhulu.
Professional indemnity	Izimangalo ezivela emaphutheni okuklama noma eselulekweni sobuchwepheshe.	Amaklayenti emsebenzini we-design-and-build.
Imishini nemishini yokusebenza	Ukulahleka noma umonakalo wemishini eyakho noma eqashiwe.	Izinkampani eziqashisa imishini nemibandela yakho yezimali.
Isivikelo se-SASRIA	Umonakalo obangelwa yizibhelu, iziteleka nokuphazamiseka komphakathi, okukhishwa yimigomo ejwayelekile.	Amaklayenti nababolekisi ezizeni ezinobungozi obukhulu.
Izimoto zenkampani	Izimoto zenkampani nama-bakkie.	Umgomo wakho wobungozi nezimali zezimoto.

Buza i-broker yakho ukuthi yiziphi izivikelo ezifanele umsebenzi wakho. Lonke elinye ingxenye yalo mhlahlandlela ikhombisa ukuthi ungahlola kanjani ukuthi isivikelo sakho sihambisana nenkontileka ngayinye.

Umthetho udingani kosonkontileka?

Umthetho udinga ukuthi wonke umqashi abhalise ku-Compensation Fund ngaphansi kwe-COIDA (i-Compensation for Occupational Injuries and Diseases Act 130 of 1993) futhi akhokhe ama-assessment onyaka. I-Occupational Health and Safety Act 85 of 1993 ne-Construction Regulations, 2014, zengeza imisebenzi yokuphepha izinkampani zomshwalense namaklayenti eziyihlolayo ngemva kwesigameko.

Umthombo	Okushoyo kuwe	Ubufakazi okufanele bulunge
COIDA (Act 130 of 1993)	Bhalisa ku-Compensation Fund, thumela i-return of earnings yonyaka futhi ukhokhe ama-assessment.	Incwadi yesimo esihle (letter of good standing), i-return of earnings, ubufakazi benkokhelo.
Occupational Health and Safety Act 85 of 1993 ne-Construction Regulations, 2014	Gcina isiza siphephile, nokuhlolwa kobungozi nohlelo lwezempilo nokuphepha.	Ukuhlolwa kobungozi, ama-method statement, irejista yezigameko, ifayela lokuphepha.
Unemployment Insurance Fund (UIF)	Bhalisa futhi umemezele abasebenzi.	Ukubhaliswa ku-UIF nezimemezelo.
NHBRC (izindlu kuphela)	Bhalisa njengomakhi wezindlu futhi ufake indlu ngayinye entsha (enrolment). Lolu wuhlelo lwewaranti, hhayi umshwalense wakho.	Isitifiketi sokubhaliswa, izitifiketi ze-enrolment, amarekhodi okuhlola.

Amathenda amaningi acela incwadi ye-COIDA yesimo esihle esebenzayo. Uma iphelelwa yisikhathi, ishejuli yomshwalense eqinile ngeke iyisindise ibhidi.

Ngohlangothi lwe-NHBRC, bona izidingo ze-NHBRC eNingizimu Afrika.

Izinkontileka ze-JBCC, NEC ne-GCC zithini ngomshwalense?

Izinkontileka ze-JBCC, NEC ne-GCC zonke zibeka ukuthi ngubani owenza umshwalense wemisebenzi nesibopho kubantu besithathu, namanani nezikhathi kushiwo ku-contract data. Inkontileka ingaphinde idinge amagama athile, njengokuqamba umqashi kumgomo. Umgomo wakho wonyaka ungase ungahambisani nale mibandela ngaphandle uma uhlola.

Ngaphambi kokusayina, buza imibuzo emihlanu:

Ingabe uhlangothi olufanele lunomshwalense womsebenzi ofanele?
Ingabe umkhawulo we-indemnity uphezulu ngokwanele kule phrojekthi?
Ingabe amagama omgomo ahambisana nezigatshana zenkontileka?
Ingabe isivikelo siqhubeka phakathi nesikhathi sesibopho samaphutha, lapho inkontileka isicela khona?
Ungabuveza ubufakazi zingakapheli amahora angama-24?

Ekwakhiweni kwezohwebo kwe-R35,000,000 eGauteng, isibonelo, usonkontileka angaba nesivikelo sesibopho sonyaka kodwa asephule inkontileka. Uma i-contract data idinga umgomo we-contract works oqondene nephrojekthi, futhi ungekho ngaphambi kokusungulwa kwesiza, isimangalo sesiphepho singaphikiswa. Usonkontileka angabe esethwala kokubili izindleko zokulungisa nezinhlawulo zokubambezeleka. Lesi sibonelo siyachaza nje.

Cela i-broker yakho ukuthi iqinisekise ngokubhaliwe ukuthi umgomo uphatha kanjani:

isithakazelo somqashi esiphawulwe kumgomo
i-waiver of subrogation, lapho inkontileka iyidinga
i-cross liability phakathi kwezinhlangothi ezinomshwalense
isivikelo se-SASRIA sephrojekthi
ama-subcontractor asebenza esizeni

Ngokuthi amafomu enkontileka ahluka kanjani ngokujwayelekile, bona izinkontileka ze-JBCC ngokumelene ne-NEC ne-GCC.

Ukugeleza komsebenzi okusebenzayo kokuhambisana nomshwalense

Ukugeleza komsebenzi okuhle komshwalense kuqala ethendeni, kuhlole imibhalo esemthethweni kuqala, kufanise amagama omgomo nenkontileka, futhi kuvimbe ama-subcontractor ngaphambi kokuba afike esizeni. Bese kubuyekeza isivikelo ngemva kwayo yonke inguquko nangaphambi kokuvuselelwa ngakunye. Izinyathelo eziyisithupha ezingezansi ziyasebenza kosonkontileka bokwakha banoma yimuphi usayizi.

1) Yakha i-matrix yenkontileka-nomgomo esigabeni sethenda

Bhala zonke izigatshana zomshwalense ohlakeni lwenkontileka nasezidingweni zomqashi. Kusinye ngasinye, phawula uhlobo lomgomo, umkhawulo, uhlangothi olunomthwalo, ubufakazi obudingekayo ekunikezweni, nosuku lokubuyekeza ngaphambi kokusungulwa kwesiza.

2) Hlola imibhalo esemthethweni kuqala

Qinisekisa ukuthi incwadi yakho ye-COIDA yesimo esihle namarekhodi e-UIF asesikhathini. Qiniseka ukuthi ukwethulwa kwakho esizeni (induction) kuchaza okufanele kwenziwe uma isisebenzi silimala sisemsebenzini.

3) Fanisa amagama omgomo nenkontileka

Ungacabangi ukuthi amagama akho ajwayelekile anele. Gcina isiqinisekiso esibhaliwe se-broker efayeleni lephrojekthi, hhayi kuphela ochungechungeni lwama-imeyili.

4) Vimba ama-subcontractor

Beka umthetho olula: akukho ukwethulwa futhi akukho ukungena esizeni kuze kube ubufakazi bomshwalense buhloliwe futhi babhalwa. Cela i-subcontractor ngayinye ishejuli yayo ye-public liability, incwadi yayo ye-COIDA yesimo esihle, izinsuku zomgomo ezihlanganisa isikhathi somsebenzi, nesivikelo esikhethekile somsebenzi onobungozi obukhulu njengokudiliza noma ukuphakamisa nge-crane.

5) Buyekeza isivikelo ngemva kwayo yonke inguquko

Uma ububanzi bomsebenzi bushintsha, ubungozi buyashintsha. I-variation order ngayinye evunyiwe kufanele ibangele ukuhlolwa komshwalense ngaphambi kokuba umsebenzi omusha uqale.

6) Beka izikhumbuzo zokuvuselela

Sebenzisa izikhumbuzo ezinsukwini ezingama-60, ezingama-30 neziyi-14 ngaphambi kokuphelelwa yisikhathi, nokuhlola kwenyanga kuwo wonke amaphrojekthi asebenzayo.

Gcina iphakethe lobufakazi bomshwalense ngephrojekthi ngayinye:

Umbhalo	Kungani ubalulekile
Ishejuli yomgomo nama-endorsement, kuxhunywe nezigatshana zenkontileka	Kukhombisa ukuthi isivikelo sihambisana nenkontileka.
Incwadi ye-COIDA yesimo esihle	Idingwa ngamathenda nosonkontileka abakhulu.
Irejista yomshwalense yama-subcontractor enezinsuku nemikhawulo	Ifakazela ukuthi akekho osesizeni ngaphandle kwesivikelo.
Ukugeleza kokudlulisela izigameko phezulu	Kukhombisa ukuthi ngubani otshela i-broker, inkampani yomshwalense, umqashi ne-principal agent.
Ithuluzi lokulandelela izimangalo	Libhala usuku lwesigameko, usuku lwesaziso nesimo sesimangalo.
Ikhalenda lokuvuselela elinabanikazi abaqanjwe ngamagama	Livimbela isivikelo ukuthi siphelelwe yisikhathi ngezikhathi ezimatasa.

Kungani amaspredishithi ehluleka ekulandeleleni umshwalense

Amaspredishithi ayehluleka ekulandeleleni umshwalense uma usonkontileka eqhuba izizinda eziningana, ngoba izinsuku zokuphelelwa yisikhathi, imikhawulo nemibhalo yama-subcontractor kushintsha ngokushesha kunokuba umuntu oyedwa angabuyekeza ifayela. Umphumela yisivikelo esiphelelwa yisikhathi kungaqashelwanga nobufakazi obungatholakali uma isimangalo noma ithenda ibudinga.

Izinkinga ezivamile:

Izinguqulo ezimbili. Ithimba lezohwebo lisebenzisa ishejuli eyodwa, ithimba lesiza lisebenzisa enye.
Akukho mkhondo wokuhlola. Awukwazi ukukhombisa ukuthi ngubani owavuma inguquko, noma nini.
Ukuvuselelwa okuphuthiwe. Izinsuku zokuphelelwa yisikhathi zisekholomu okungekho muntu oyihlolayo.
Akukho kuxhumana nenkontileka. Idatha yomshwalense ihlukene nezigatshana zenkontileka nezinguquko.
Ubufakazi obusakazekile. Imibhalo ihlala kuma-inbox, kuma-drive abelwanayo naku-WhatsApp.

Ukuhlelwa okungcono kugcina imibhalo, izinsuku namarekhodi ama-subcontractor endaweni efanayo nephrojekthi. Ku-Wakha, imibhalo nezitifiketi zama-sub-contractor kusephrojekthini ngayinye, ne-autocompliance tracker egcina ubufakazi bokuhambisana ekubukeni okukodwa.

Isifundo esifanayo sisebenza kumagrade nasemathendeni. Bona umhlahlandlela wamagrade osonkontileka e-CIDB nemikhawulo ngemikhawulo yamanani amaphrojekthi.

Isibonelo: umshwalense ethendeni yezizinda ezintathu

Lesi sibonelo silandela usonkontileka waKwaZulu-Natal ethendeni ye-R48,000,000 yokuthuthukiswa kwemitholampilo emithathu, kusukela ebhidini kuya esimangalweni. Ithenda inemithetho eqinile yobufakazi bomshwalense, ukuqedwa ngezigaba ne-retention. Ikhombisa ukuthi ukugeleza komsebenzi okungenhla konga kanjani isikhathi esigabeni ngasinye, nokuthi kungani iphakethe lobufakazi libaluleke kakhulu uma kukhona okungahambi kahle esizeni. Izibalo ziyachaza nje.

Isigaba sebhidi. Usonkontileka uthumela i-matrix yenkontileka-nomgomo, incwadi ye-COIDA yesimo esihle esebenzayo, amashejuli e-public liability ne-contract works, nencwadi ye-broker eqinisekisa amagama. Ibhidi iphumelela ukuhlolwa kokuhambisana ngaphandle kwemibuzo.

Ukusungulwa kwesiza. Isango lama-subcontractor likhomba ochwepheshe ababili abanemikhawulo ephansi yesibopho. Bobabili bakhuphula isivikelo sabo ngaphambi kokuqala.

Ukuletha. Inguquko yengeza umsebenzi wokufinyelela i-facade. Inguquko ibangela ukubuyekezwa komshwalense, futhi i-broker ibuyekeza i-endorsement ngaphambi kokuqala komsebenzi.

Isigameko. Umoya onamandla wonakalisa imisebenzi yesikhashana kwesinye isiza. Usonkontileka uthumela i-endorsement yomgomo, ukuhlolwa kobungozi, okufakwe kudayari yesiza, izithombe nezincwadi ngalo lolo suku. Isimangalo sihamba ngokushesha ngoba ubufakazi buphelele futhi bunosuku.

Abaphathi bangabe sebelandelela izilinganiso ezilula kuwo wonke amaphrojekthi: isabelo samaphrojekthi anemigomo efaniswe nezigatshana, isabelo sama-subcontractor ahlolwe ngaphambi kokungena esizeni, nesikhathi esithathwa ukuthumela ubufakazi besimangalo.

Isiphetho

Umshwalense wosonkontileka eNingizimu Afrika ungumsebenzi wokuhambisana oqhubeka kusukela ethendeni kuya ekuqedweni kokugcina, hhayi into ethengwa kanye ngonyaka. Bhalisa ku-COIDA, fanisa umgomo ngamunye ne-contract data, vimba ama-subcontractor akho, futhi ubuyekeze isivikelo ngemva kwayo yonke inguquko. Lokho kuvikela amathenda akho, izimangalo zakho nokugeleza kwemali yakho.

Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa

Uyini umshwalense we-contractor’s all risk?

I-contractor’s all risk (CAR), ebizwa nangokuthi umshwalense we-contract works, ihlanganisa ukulahleka noma umonakalo obonakalayo emisebenzini esakhiwa. Lokhu kuhlanganisa izinto zokwakha ezisesizeni nemisebenzi yesikhashana, isibonelo ngemva komlilo, isiphepho noma ukwebiwa. Inkontileka yakho yokwakha ngokuvamile isho ukuthi ngubani okufanele athathe lesi sivikelo, inani elivikelwe nesikhathi okufanele sisebenze ngaso.

Uyini umshwalense we-builders’ liability?

Umshwalense we-builders’ liability, noma i-public liability, uhlanganisa izimangalo zabantu besithathu zokulimala noma umonakalo wempahla obangelwe ngumsebenzi wakho. Isitini esiwayo esonakalisa imoto yomakhelwane yisibonelo esijwayelekile. Izinkontileka eziningi nabaqashi bacela umkhawulo omncane we-indemnity, ngakho hlola i-contract data ngaphambi kokusayina.

Ingabe umshwalense we-public liability uyimpoqo kubakhi eNingizimu Afrika?

Awukho umthetho ojwayelekile owenza umshwalense we-public liability ube yimpoqo kubo bonke abakhi. Empeleni, izinkontileka eziningi zokwakha, abaqashi, omasipala nosonkontileka abakhulu bayawudinga ngaphambi kokuthi uqale umsebenzi. Ukubhaliswa ku-COIDA kungumsebenzi womthetho osebenza kuwo wonke umqashi, ngakho kuphathe kokubili njengengxenye yokuhambisana kwakho okuyisisekelo.

Iyini incwadi ye-COIDA yesimo esihle?

Yincwadi evela ku-Compensation Fund eqinisekisa ukuthi umqashi ubhalisiwe futhi usesikhathini ngama-return nama-assessment akhe ngaphansi kwe-COIDA. Amathenda nosonkontileka abakhulu bayayicela ukuze bafakazele ukuthi abasebenzi bavikelekile uma belimala. Inosuku lokuphelelwa yisikhathi, ngakho yilandelele njenganoma yimuphi omunye umbhalo wokuhambisana.

Ingabe i-enrolment ye-NHBRC ithatha indawo yomshwalense wabakhi?

Cha. Ukubhaliswa ku-NHBRC ne-enrolment yendlu kuyingxenye yohlelo lwewaranti olusemthethweni oluvikela abathengi bezindlu emaphutheni athile. Akuhlanganisi umonakalo emisebenzini ngesikhathi sokwakhiwa noma izimangalo zabantu besithathu. Usadinga isivikelo se-contract works ne-public liability njengoba inkontileka yakho noma iklayenti kudinga.

Izihloko ezihlobene: