I-Inshurensi Yoonokontraka e-SA: Into Oyifunayo

Uninzi loonokontraka lufumanisa izikhewu ze-inshurensi yalo kuphela xa ibango lisaliwa okanye ikomiti yethenda icela uxwebhu olungenakulunikezela.

Esi sikhokelo sichaza ukuba yeyiphi i-inshurensi efunwa ngunokontraka wokwakha eMzantsi Afrika, into efunwa ngumthetho, into ecelwa ziikhontrakthi ze-JBCC, NEC ne-GCC, nendlela yokugcina ukhuseleko nobungqina bakho bulungile kuzo zonke iisayithi.

Yeyiphi i-inshurensi efunwa ngunokontraka wokwakha eMzantsi Afrika?

Unokontraka wokwakha eMzantsi Afrika ngokuqhelekileyo ufuna ukhuseleko lwe-contract works (contractor’s all risk), ukhuseleko lwe-public liability, ubhaliso lwe-COIDA lwabasebenzi kwaye, apho eyila khona, i-professional indemnity. Kuphela ubhaliso lwe-COIDA olungumsebenzi osemthethweni kuye wonke umqeshi. Olunye ukhuseleko ngokuqhelekileyo lufunwa yikhontrakthi yakho, umthengi wakho okanye ithenda yakho.

Le tafile ingezantsi ibeka ukhuseleko oluphambili.

Ukhuseleko	Lukhusela ntoni	Ngubani oluceli ngokuqhelekileyo
Contract works okanye contractor’s all risk (CAR)	Umonakalo kwimisebenzi, izixhobo ezisesizeni nemisebenzi yethutyana, umzekelo ngenxa yomlilo, isaqhwithi okanye ubusela.	Ikhontrakthi yokwakha (JBCC, NEC, GCC) nomboleki-mali womqeshi.
Public liability (builders’ liability)	Amabango avela kumaqela esithathu ngokwenzakala okanye umonakalo wepropati obangelwe ngumsebenzi wakho.	Ikhontrakthi, umqeshi, ii-body corporate noomasipala.
Ubhaliso lwe-COIDA	Imbuyekezo yabasebenzi abenzakele emsebenzini okanye abafumana isifo somsebenzi.	Umthetho, kunye nayo yonke ithenda nonokontraka ophambili.
Professional indemnity	Amabango avela kwiimpazamo zoyilo okanye icebiso lobungcali.	Abathengi kumsebenzi we-design-and-build.
Plant and equipment	Ilahleko okanye umonakalo koomatshini obanini okanye obaqeshileyo.	Iinkampani eziqeshisa oomatshini nemiqathango yakho yenkxaso-mali.
Ukhuseleko lwe-SASRIA	Umonakalo ovela kuqhushululu, uqhanqalazo nokuphazamiseka koluntu, okungagutyungelwanga ngamapolisi aqhelekileyo.	Abathengi nababoleki-mali kwiisayithi ezinomngcipheko omkhulu.
Motor fleet	Izithuthi zenkampani neebhakkie.	Ipolisi yakho yomngcipheko nenkxaso-mali yezithuthi.

Buza i-broker yakho ukuba loluphi ukhuseleko olufanelana nomsebenzi wakho. Esi sikhokelo sonke sibonisa indlela yokujonga ukuba ukhuseleko lwakho luyahambelana nekhontrakthi nganye.

Umthetho ufuna ntoni koonokontraka?

Umthetho ufuna wonke umqeshi abhalise kwi-Compensation Fund phantsi kwe-COIDA (i-Compensation for Occupational Injuries and Diseases Act 130 of 1993) kwaye ahlawule uvavanyo lonyaka. I-Occupational Health and Safety Act 85 of 1993 ne-Construction Regulations, 2014, zongeza iimbopheleleko zokhuseleko ezihlolwa zii-inshurensi nabathengi emva kwesehlo.

Umthombo	Uthetha ntoni kuwe	Ubungqina omele ubugcine bulungile
COIDA (Act 130 of 1993)	Bhalisa kwi-Compensation Fund, ngenisa i-return of earnings yonyaka kwaye uhlawule uvavanyo.	Ileta yokuma kakuhle, i-return of earnings, ubungqina bentlawulo.
Occupational Health and Safety Act 85 of 1993 ne-Construction Regulations, 2014	Gcina isiza sikhuselekile, uvavanyo lomngcipheko nesicwangciso sempilo nokhuseleko.	Uvavanyo lomngcipheko, ii-method statement, irejista yezehlo, ifayile yokhuseleko.
Unemployment Insurance Fund (UIF)	Bhalisa kwaye uchaze abasebenzi.	Ubhaliso lwe-UIF neenkcazo.
NHBRC (amakhaya kuphela)	Bhalisa njengomakhi wamakhaya kwaye ubhalise ikhaya ngalinye elitsha. Le yinkqubo yewaranti, ayisiyo-inshurensi yakho.	Isatifikethi sobhaliso, izatifikethi zokubhaliswa kwamakhaya, iirekhodi zokuhlolwa.

Uninzi lweethenda lucela ileta ye-COIDA yokuma kakuhle esebenzayo. Ukuba iphelelwa, ishedyuli ye-inshurensi eyomeleleyo ayinakuyisindisa ithenda.

Kwicala le-NHBRC, bona iimfuno ze-NHBRC eMzantsi Afrika.

Zithini iikhontrakthi ze-JBCC, NEC ne-GCC nge-inshurensi?

Iikhontrakthi ze-JBCC, NEC ne-GCC zonke zibeka ukuba ngubani ofaka i-inshurensi kwimisebenzi nakuxanduva lwamaqela esithathu, izixa namaxesha achazwe kwi-contract data. Ikhontrakthi inokufuna namagama athile, afana nokubhala igama lomqeshi kwipolisi. Ipolisi yakho yonyaka isenokungahambelani nale miqathango ngaphandle kokuba ujonge.

Phambi kokuba usayine, buza imibuzo emihlanu:

Ingaba iqela elifanelekileyo linenshurensi kumsebenzi ofanelekileyo?
Ingaba umda we-indemnity uphezulu ngokwaneleyo kule projekthi?
Ingaba amagama epolisi ayahambelana namagatya ekhontrakthi?
Ingaba ukhuseleko luqhuba kwi-defects liability period, apho ikhontrakthi iyicela khona?
Ungabunikezela ubungqina kwiiyure ezingama-24?

Kulwakhiwo lorhwebo lwe-R35,000,000 eGauteng, umzekelo, unokontraka unokuba nokhuseleko lonyaka lwe-liability kodwa asaphula ikhontrakthi. Ukuba i-contract data ifuna ipolisi ye-contract works eyeyeprojekthi ethile, kwaye ingekho phambi kokusekwa kwesiza, ibango lesaqhwithi linokuphikiswa. Unokontraka emva koko unokuthwala zombini iindleko zokulungisa nezohlwayo zokulibaziseka. Lo mzekelo ngumzekelo nje.

Cela i-broker yakho ukuba iqinisekise ngokubhaliweyo indlela ipolisi ejongana ngayo:

nomdla womqeshi obhaliweyo kwipolisi
ne-waiver of subrogation, apho ikhontrakthi iyifuna
ne-cross liability phakathi kwamaqela anenshurensi
nokhuseleko lwe-SASRIA lweprojekthi
nee-subcontractor ezisebenza esizeni

Ngendlela iifom zekhontrakthi ezahluka ngayo ngokubanzi, bona iikhontrakthi ze-JBCC vs NEC vs GCC.

Inkqubo esebenzayo yokuthobela kwe-inshurensi

Inkqubo elungileyo ye-inshurensi iqala ethendeni, ijonga amaxwebhu asemthethweni kuqala, ihambelanisa amagama epolisi nekhontrakthi, kwaye ihlola ii-subcontractor phambi kokuba zifike esizeni. Emva koko iphonononga ukhuseleko emva kotshintsho ngalunye naphambi kokuvuselela ngakunye. La manyathelo amathandathu angezantsi asebenzela oonokontraka bokwakha bayo nayiphi na ubungakanani.

1) Yakha i-matrix yekhontrakthi-ukuya-kwipolisi kwinqanaba lethenda

Dwelisa onke amagatya e-inshurensi kwidrafti yekhontrakthi nakwiimfuno zomqeshi. Kwigatya ngalinye, phawula uhlobo lwepolisi, umda, iqela elinoxanduva, ubungqina obufunekayo ekunikweni ithenda, nomhla wophononongo phambi kokusekwa kwesiza.

2) Jonga amaxwebhu asemthethweni kuqala

Qinisekisa ukuba ileta yakho ye-COIDA yokuma kakuhle neerekhodi ze-UIF zihlaziyiwe. Qinisekisa ukuba ukwaziswa kwakho kwesiza kuchaza into omele yenziwe xa umsebenzi enzakele emsebenzini.

3) Hambelanisa amagama epolisi nekhontrakthi

Musa ukucinga ukuba amagama akho aqhelekileyo anele. Gcina uqinisekiso olubhaliweyo lwe-broker kwifayile yeprojekthi, hayi kuphela kwi-imeyile.

4) Hlola ii-subcontractor

Beka umthetho olula: akukho kwaziswa kwaye akukho kungena esizeni de ubungqina be-inshurensi buhlolwe kwaye bubhaliwe. Cela i-subcontractor nganye ishedyuli yayo ye-public liability, ileta yayo ye-COIDA yokuma kakuhle, imihla yepolisi egubungela ixesha lomsebenzi, nokhuseleko lwengcali kumsebenzi onomngcipheko omkhulu ofana nokudiliza okanye ukuphakamisa nge-crane.

5) Phonononga ukhuseleko emva kotshintsho ngalunye

Xa umsebenzi utshintsha, umngcipheko uyatshintsha. I-variation order nganye evunyiweyo kufuneka iqalise uhlolo lwe-inshurensi phambi kokuba umsebenzi omtsha uqale.

6) Beka izikhumbuzo zokuvuselela

Sebenzisa izikhumbuzo kwiintsuku ezingama-60, ezingama-30 neziyi-14 phambi kokuphelelwa, nohlolo lwenyanga kuzo zonke iiprojekthi ezisebenzayo.

Gcina ipakethi yobungqina be-inshurensi kwiprojekthi nganye:

Uxwebhu	Kutheni lubalulekile
Ishedyuli yepolisi nee-endorsement, zinxulunyaniswe namagatya ekhontrakthi	Ibonisa ukuba ukhuseleko luyahambelana nekhontrakthi.
Ileta ye-COIDA yokuma kakuhle	Ifunwa ziithenda noonokontraka abaphambili.
Irejista ye-inshurensi yee-subcontractor enemihla nemida	Ingqina ukuba akukho mntu usesizeni ngaphandle kokhuseleko.
Inkqubo yokunyusa izehlo	Ibonisa ukuba ngubani oxelela i-broker, inkampani ye-inshurensi, umqeshi ne-principal agent.
Isilandeli samabango	Sirekhoda umhla wesehlo, umhla wesaziso nemeko yebango.
Ikhalenda yokuvuselela enabanini abachaziweyo	Imisa ukhuseleko ekuphelelweni ngamaxesha axakekileyo.

Kutheni ii-spreadsheet zisilela ekulandeleleni i-inshurensi

Ii-spreadsheet ziyasilela ekulandeleleni i-inshurensi xa unokontraka eqhuba iisayithi ezininzi, kuba imihla yokuphelelwa, imida namaxwebhu ee-subcontractor atshintsha ngokukhawuleza kunokuba umntu omnye angahlaziya ifayile. Isiphumo kukhuseleko oluphelelwa lungaqatshelwanga nobungqina obungafumanekiyo xa ibango okanye ithenda ibufuna.

Iingxaki eziqhelekileyo:

Iinguqulelo ezimbini. Iqela lorhwebo lisebenzisa ishedyuli enye, iqela lesiza lisebenzisa enye.
Akukho mkhondo wophicotho. Awunakubonisa ukuba ngubani owavuma utshintsho, okanye nini.
Ukuvuselela okuphosiweyo. Imihla yokuphelelwa ikwikholamu engajongwa mntu.
Akukho nxulumano nekhontrakthi. Idatha ye-inshurensi ihlala yodwa kumagatya ekhontrakthi notshintsho.
Ubungqina obusasazekileyo. Amaxwebhu ahlala kwii-inbox, ii-drive ezabelwanayo nakwi-WhatsApp.

Ulungiselelo olungcono lugcina amaxwebhu, imihla neerekhodi zee-subcontractor kwindawo enye neprojekthi. Kwi-Wakha, amaxwebhu nezatifikethi ze-sub-contractor zihlala kwiprojekthi nganye, ne-autocompliance tracker egcina ubungqina bokuthobela kumbono omnye.

Isifundo esifanayo sisebenza kwiigrade nakwiithenda. Bona isikhokelo se-CIDB contractor grades and limits ngemida yexabiso leprojekthi.

Umzekelo: i-inshurensi kwithenda yeesayithi ezintathu

Lo mzekelo ulandela unokontraka wase-KwaZulu-Natal kwithenda ye-R48,000,000 yokuphucula iikliniki ezintathu, ukusuka ekufakeni ithenda ukuya kwibango. Ithenda ineemithetho engqongqo yobungqina be-inshurensi, ukugqitywa ngamanqanaba ne-retention. Ibonisa indlela inkqubo engentla eyonga ngayo ixesha kwinqanaba ngalinye, nokuba kutheni ipakethi yobungqina ibaluleke kakhulu xa kukho into engahambi kakuhle esizeni. Amanani ngumzekelo nje.

Inqanaba lethenda. Unokontraka ungenisa i-matrix yekhontrakthi-ukuya-kwipolisi, ileta ye-COIDA yokuma kakuhle yangoku, iishedyuli ze-public liability ne-contract works, nileta ye-broker eqinisekisa amagama. Ithenda iyaphumelela uhlolo lokuthobela ngaphandle kwemibuzo.

Ukusekwa kwesiza. Ukuhlolwa kwee-subcontractor kuphawula iingcali ezimbini ezinemida ephantsi ye-liability. Zombini zonyusa ukhuseleko lwazo phambi kokuba ziqale.

Ukuhambisa. Utshintsho longeza umsebenzi wokufikelela kwi-facade. Utshintsho luqalisa uphononongo lwe-inshurensi, kwaye i-broker ihlaziya i-endorsement phambi kokuba umsebenzi uqale.

Isehlo. Umoya onamandla wonakalisa imisebenzi yethutyana kwisiza esinye. Unokontraka uthumela i-endorsement yepolisi, uvavanyo lomngcipheko, amangeniso edayari yesiza, iifoto nembalelwano ngosuku olunye. Ibango lihamba ngokukhawuleza kuba ubungqina buphelele kwaye bunemihla.

Abaphathi emva koko banokulandelela imilinganiselo elula kuzo zonke iiprojekthi: isabelo seeprojekthi ezineepolisi ezinxulunyaniswe namagatya, isabelo see-subcontractor ezihlolwe phambi kokungena esizeni, nexesha elithathwayo ukungenisa ubungqina bebango.

Isishwankathelo

I-inshurensi yoonokontraka eMzantsi Afrika ngumsebenzi wokuthobela oqhuba ukusuka ethendeni ukuya ekugqityweni kokugqibela, hayi ukuthenga kanye ngonyaka. Bhalisa kwi-COIDA, hambelanisa ipolisi nganye ne-contract data, hlola ii-subcontractor zakho, kwaye uphonononge ukhuseleko emva kotshintsho ngalunye. Oko kukhusela iithenda zakho, amabango akho nemali yakho ejikelezayo.

Imibuzo Ebuzwa Rhoqo

Yintoni i-inshurensi ye-contractor’s all risk?

I-contractor’s all risk (CAR), ekwabizwa ngokuba yi-contract works insurance, igubungela ilahleko okanye umonakalo obonakalayo kwimisebenzi esakhiwayo. Oku kuquka izixhobo ezisesizeni nemisebenzi yethutyana, umzekelo emva komlilo, isaqhwithi okanye ubusela. Ikhontrakthi yakho yokwakha ngokuqhelekileyo ichaza ukuba ngubani omele athathe olu khuseleko, isixa esinenshurensi nexesha elimele liqhube.

Yintoni i-inshurensi ye-builders’ liability?

I-builders’ liability, okanye i-public liability, igubungela amabango avela kumaqela esithathu ngokwenzakala okanye umonakalo wepropati obangelwe ngumsebenzi wakho. Isitena esiwayo sonakalise imoto yommelwane ngumzekelo oqhelekileyo. Uninzi lweekhontrakthi nabaqeshi lucela umda omncinci we-indemnity, ngoko jonga i-contract data phambi kokuba usayine.

Ingaba i-public liability insurance inyanzelekile kubakhi eMzantsi Afrika?

Akukho mthetho ngokubanzi wenza i-public liability insurance inyanzeleke kubo bonke abakhi. Ngokwenyani, uninzi lweekhontrakthi zokwakha, abaqeshi, oomasipala noonokontraka abaphambili bayayifuna phambi kokuba uqale umsebenzi. Ubhaliso lwe-COIDA ngumsebenzi osemthethweni osebenza kuye wonke umqeshi, ngoko zombini ziphathe njengenxalenye yokuthobela kwakho okusisiseko.

Yintoni ileta ye-COIDA yokuma kakuhle?

Yileta evela kwi-Compensation Fund eqinisekisa ukuba umqeshi ubhalisiwe kwaye uhlaziyiwe ngeengxelo novavanyo lwakhe phantsi kwe-COIDA. Iithenda noonokontraka abaphambili bayayicela ukungqina ukuba abasebenzi bakhuselekile ukuba benzakele. Inomhla wokuphelelwa, ngoko yilandelele njengalo naluphi na olunye uxwebhu lokuthobela.

Ingaba ukubhaliswa kwe-NHBRC kuthatha indawo ye-inshurensi yabakhi?

Hayi. Ubhaliso lwe-NHBRC nokubhaliswa kwamakhaya yinxalenye yenkqubo yewaranti esemthethweni ekhusela abathengi bezindlu kwiziphene ezithile. Azigubungeli umonakalo kwimisebenzi ngexesha lolwakhiwo okanye amabango avela kumaqela esithathu. Usafuna ukhuseleko lwe-contract works ne-public liability njengoko ikhontrakthi okanye umthengi wakho efuna.

Amanqaku anxulumeneyo: