Amanqanaba Okuhlolwa e-NHBRC: Yintoni Kwinqanaba Ngalinye

Ukuhlolwa kwe-NHBRC okungaphumelelanga kumisa urhwebo olulandelayo, kulibazise isatifikethi sakho sentlawulo kwaye kunokubeka emngciphekweni ukubhaliswa kwamakhaya akho. Lonke ikhaya elitsha elibhaliswe kwi-National Home Builders Registration Council (NHBRC) liyahlolwa kumanqanaba aphambili olwakhiwo. Uhlolo ngokwalo luyaqikeleleka. Ukusilela ngokuqhelekileyo kuvela kubungqina obungekhoyo, umzobo ongalunganga esizeni okanye isicelo esenziwe emva kwexesha.

Esi sikhokelo sichaza amanqanaba amane okuhlolwa e-NHBRC, ngubani ohlola ntoni, indlela yokucela utyelelo nokuba kwenzeka ntoni xa umsebenzi usilela. Sinika uluhlu lokuhlola olusebenzayo lwenqanaba ngalinye, kuquka uhlolo lwe-wall plate nophahla olungaphakathi kwenqanaba le-superstructure. Ngobhaliso, ukubhaliswa kwekhaya newaranti, bona isikhokelo sethu seemfuno ze-NHBRC eMzantsi Afrika.

Ngawaphi Amanqanaba Okuhlolwa e-NHBRC?

I-NHBRC idwelisa amanqanaba amane aphambili okuhlolwa kwekhaya elibhalisiweyo: i-sub-structure (isiseko), i-superstructure, ukugqitywa okusebenzayo (practical completion) namanzi esiphango (stormwater). Abahloli batyelela kula manqanaba ukuze bahlole umsebenzi ngokuchasene ne-NHBRC Technical Requirements neeplani ezivunyiweyo. Esizeni, uninzi lwabakhi lucwangcisa uhlolo lwe-superstructure ngokujikeleze amaxesha amabini: inqanaba le-wall plate nesakhiwo sophahla.

Inqanaba	Lwenzeka nini	Into ajolise kuyo umhloli	Omele ube nayo efayileni
1. Sub-structure (isiseko)	Emva kokugrumba naphambi kokugalela okanye phambi kokuba umsebenzi ugqunywe	Ubungakanani bomsele, iimeko zesiseko, i-reinforcement, amanqanaba	Udidi lwesiza okanye ingxelo ye-geotechnical, uyilo lwesiseko lwenjineli, iifoto
2. Superstructure	Iindonga ukuya kwinqanaba le-wall plate, emva koko isakhiwo sophahla phambi kokugqunywa	Iindonga, izithuba, ii-lintel, ukuthintela ukufuma, i-wall plate, ii-truss, i-bracing, izibophelelo	Iiplani ezivunyiweyo, uyilo nesatifikethi se-roof truss, iifoto
3. Ukugqitywa okusebenzayo	Ikhaya ligqityiwe ngokwaneleyo ukuba lihlalwe	Ukuthobela iiplani ne-Technical Requirements ngokubanzi, isigqubuthelo sophahla, iinkonzo	Isatifikethi sokugqitywa somntu onobuchule (Appendix D1), i-electrical CoC
4. Amanzi esiphango	Malunga nokugqitywa, xa imisebenzi yesiza igqityiwe	Amanzi ahamba esuka ekhayeni ngaphandle kokukhukuliseka okanye izikhukula	Uyilo lokuhambisa amanzi esiza, iifoto zethambeka nemijelo

La ngamanqanaba asetyenziswa yi-NHBRC. Injineli yakho okanye umntu onobuchule unokufuna uhlolo olongezelelweyo, umzekelo kwi-raft foundation okanye kwi-slab yendlu enemigangatho emibini. Yongeza nezo kwinkqubo yakho.

Ngubani Ohlola Umsebenzi: Umhloli okanye Umntu Onobuchule?

Umhloli we-NHBRC wenza uhlolo olungalindelekanga, ngelixa umntu onobuchule (competent person) omqeshayo enoxanduva lolawulo lomgangatho nokuqinisekisa. I-NHBRC ichaza ngokucacileyo ukuba abahloli bayo abakho esizeni ixesha elipheleleyo kwaye abalawuli umgangatho egameni lomnini-khaya. Loo ndima ingumakhi nomntu onobuchule, ngokuqhelekileyo yinjineli ebhalisiweyo.

Ngokwenyani oku kuthetha ukuba:

Uqesha umntu onobuchule wekhaya kwaye ubhale phantsi ukuqeshwa.
Umntu onobuchule uhlola ngexesha lolwakhiwo kwaye asayine izinto zoyilo, ezinjengeziseko nophahla.
Ekugqityweni, umntu onobuchule ukhupha ifomu ye-Appendix D1, isatifikethi sokugqitywa esithi umsebenzi uhloliwe kwaye uhambelana noyilo.
Umhloli we-NHBRC ucela ifomu ye-D1, kunye nezatifikethi zesiseko nophahla, ukuqinisekisa ukuthobela.

Ukuba izatifikethi zenjineli zifika emva kwexesha, ukuhlolwa nako kufika emva kwexesha. Zilandele njengenxalenye yenqanaba ngalinye, hayi ekugqibeleni.

Ukucela Njani Ukuhlolwa kwe-NHBRC?

Wazisa i-inspectorate ye-NHBRC xa inqanaba lilungile, kwaye umhloli uqinisekisa umhla wotyelelo lwesiza. Ngokwe-NHBRC, utyelelo kufuneka lwenzeke kwiintsuku zokusebenza ezintlanu emva kwesicelo. Kumsebenzi othobelayo, umhloli emva koko ucwangcisa utyelelo olulandelayo njengenxalenye yomjikelo wakhe wesiqhelo, owaziwa ngokuba yi-”tour of duty”.

Iintsuku zokusebenza ezintlanu lixesha elide ukuba iqela lesiza lilinde. Imikhwa embalwa igcina inkqubo ihamba:

Cela ukusuka kwinkqubo. Beka inqanaba ngalinye kwishedyuli yakho njengenqaku elibalulekileyo, nomhla wesicelo kwiintsuku ezimbalwa phambi kokuba umsebenzi ulunge.
Nika iinkcukacha ezicacileyo zokungena. Inombolo yeyunithi, inombolo ye-erf, umntu woqhagamshelwano esizeni nokungena esangweni.
Yiba nomntu omnye onoxanduva esizeni onokuhambisa umhloli emsebenzini.
Qhubeka nomnye umsebenzi. Sebenzisa ixesha lokulinda kumsebenzi ongagqumi indawo ehlolwayo.

Phambi Kwakho Nakuphi Na Ukuhlolwa: Uluhlu Lokulungiselela Jikelele

Nokuba lelaphi inqanaba, iziseko ezifanayo zigqiba ukuba ukuhlolwa kuhamba kakuhle na. Yenza olu luhlu lufutshane ngosuku olungaphambi kotyelelo ngalunye. Luthatha imizuzu elishumi kwaye lususa ezona zizathu ziqhelekileyo zohambo olungenamsebenzi, ezizezi umzobo ongalunganga, ukungabikho kokungena nokungabikho kobungqina bomsebenzi osele ugqunyiwe.

Uhlaziyo lomzobo lwangoku esizeni, nemizobo endala isusiwe
Isatifikethi sokubhaliswa seyunithi sikhona
Ukungena okukhuselekileyo emsebenzini, imingxuma nee-scaffolding zikhuselekile
Umntu othile esizeni oyaziyo iyunithi
Iifoto ezinemihla zayo nantoni na esele igqunyiwe, zifayilishwe ngokweyunithi kwidayari yakho yesiza
Izinto ezivulekileyo ezivela kutyelelo lokugqibela zivaliwe ngokubhaliweyo
Izatifikethi zenjineli zenqanaba zicelwe okanye zikhona

Inqanaba 1: Uluhlu Lokuhlola Lwesiseko (Sub-structure)

Inqanaba lesiseko lihlola ukuba ikhaya liza kuma emhlabeni nakwiziseko ezihambelana noyilo. Eli linqanaba ongenakulilungisa ngexabiso eliphantsi kamva. Xa ikhonkrithi sele igalelwe okanye umhlaba ubuyiselwe, ekuphela kobungqina boko kungaphantsi ziirekhodi zakho nokusayina kwenjineli, ngoko thatha iifoto phambi kokuba nantoni na igqunywe.

Ukubeka nokugrumba

Imigca yesakhiwo namanqanaba ahambelana neplani yesiza evunyiweyo
Ububanzi nobunzulu bomsele buhambelana noyilo lwenjineli lodidi lwesiza
Ezantsi kwemisele kucocekile, kuqinile kwaye akukho manzi amileyo
Ii-diagonal zihloliwe ukuze isiseko sibe sisikwere

Iimeko zesiseko

Udidi lwesiza okanye ingxelo ye-geotechnical efayileni apho isiza siyifuna
Naliphi na inyathelo elikhethekileyo lesiseko (umzekelo kumhlaba wodongwe olwandayo) lakhiwe njengoko luyilwe
Uhlolo lwesiseko lwenjineli lwenziwe phambi kokugalela

I-reinforcement nekhonkrithi

I-reinforcement ibekwe ngokwemizobo yesakhiwo, nee-spacer zokugquma
Amanqaku okuhanjiswa kwekhonkrithi okanye iirekhodi zokuxuba zigcinwe
Ii-sleeve zeenkonzo nezithuba zikhona phambi kokugalela

Ubungqina omele ubuthathe: iifoto zemisele evulekileyo netheyiphu yokubonisa ubungakanani, i-reinforcement phambi kokugalela nokusayina kwenjineli, zonke zinemihla kwaye zifayilishwe ngokweyunithi.

Inqanaba 2: Uluhlu Lokuhlola lwe-Superstructure (Wall Plate Nophahla)

Inqanaba le-superstructure ligubungela iindonga ukuya kwinqanaba le-wall plate nesakhiwo sophahla phambi kokuba sigqunywe. Uninzi lwabakhi lucwangcisa uhlolo olubini apha: olunye kwinqanaba le-wall plate nolunye xa ii-truss zophahla ne-bracing sele zifakiwe. Zombini kufuneka zilunge phambi kokuba iishiti zophahla okanye iithayile zifihle isakhiwo.

Uluhlu lokuhlola lwenqanaba le-wall plate

Iindonga zakhiwe ngokweziphakamo, iindawo nobungqingqwa obukwiiplani
Iindonga zithe nkqo, zilingana kwaye zisikwere
Izitena okanye iibhloko zinamalungu odaka apheleleyo nangaguquguqukiyo
I-damp-proof course iqhubekeka kwinqanaba elibonisiweyo kwimizobo
Izithuba zeefestile neengcango zikwiindawo ezifanelekileyo, nee-lintel njengoko kuchaziwe
I-wall plate ilingana kwaye ibotshelelwe eludongeni njengoko kuyilwe
I-brickforce nee-wall tie zifakiwe apho uyilo luzifuna khona

Uluhlu lokuhlola lwesakhiwo sophahla

Ii-truss okanye ii-rafter zifakwe ngokolwakhiwo lwe-truss nomgama ophakathi kwazo kuyilo
Ii-truss zibotshelelwe kwi-wall plate ngee-hold-down nee-anchor ezichaziweyo
I-bracing igqityiwe kwaye ibotshelelwe ngokoyilo lwe-truss
Ithambeka lophahla nendawo ezixhomileyo ngokweeplani
Isatifikethi sophahla somboneleli we-truss okanye senjineli sicelwe

Ubungqina omele ubuthathe: iifoto zee-lintel nokuthintela ukufuma phambi kokuplastela, ii-anchor ze-wall plate, ii-hold-down ze-truss ne-bracing phambi kokuba isigqubuthelo sophahla sifakwe.

Uqhuba iiyunithi ezininzi kumanqanaba ahlukeneyo? I-autocompliance ne-NHBRC tracker ye-Wakha ibonisa inqanaba lokuhlolwa leyunithi nganye, ithumela izilumkiso phambi kokuba izicelo zifike ixesha lazo kwaye igcina iifoto zedayari yesiza neyunithi efanelekileyo: bona idemo yemveliso.

Inqanaba 3: Uluhlu Lokuhlola Lokugqitywa Okusebenzayo

Ukugqitywa okusebenzayo kuhlola ukuba ikhaya eligqityiweyo liyathobela iiplani ne-Technical Requirements kwaye lifanelekile ukuhlalwa. Le yindawo apho amaphepha akho avavanywa khona. Umhloli uya kukhangela isatifikethi sokugqitywa se-Appendix D1 somntu onobuchule nezatifikethi zesiseko nophahla, ngoko amaxwebhu angekhoyo anokwenza ikhaya elakhiwe kakuhle lingaphumeleli.

Isakhiwo

Ikhaya lihambelana neeplani ezivunyiweyo neenkcazo
Isigqubuthelo sophahla sigqityiwe kwaye asingeni manzi, nee-flashing zikhona
Iifestile neengcango zifakiwe kwaye ziyasebenza
Akukho kuqhekeka okanye intshukumo yesakhiwo ebonakalayo

Iinkonzo

Ufakelo lombane lugqityiwe, lune-electrical certificate of compliance (CoC)
Imibhobho nokuhanjiswa kwamanzi amdaka kugqityiwe, kuvavanyiwe kwaye akuvuzi
Amanzi, ucoceko nombane kudityanisiwe kwaye kuyasebenza

Amaxwebhu

Isatifikethi sokugqitywa se-Appendix D1 esivela kumntu onobuchule
Izatifikethi zesiseko nophahla
Isatifikethi sokubhaliswa neeplani ezivunyiweyo

Ukugqitywa okusebenzayo akufani nokunikezela kwakho kumthengi. Sebenzisa i-snag list eyahlukileyo noluhlu lokuhlola lokunikezela ngeprojekthi yolwakhiwo kwizinto zokugqibela umthengi wakho aya kuzihlola.

Inqanaba 4: Uluhlu Lokuhlola Lwamanzi Esiphango Nokuhanjiswa Kwamanzi Esiza

Uhlolo lwamanzi esiphango luqinisekisa ukuba amanzi ahamba esuka ekhayeni ngaphandle kokubangela ukukhukuliseka okanye izikhukula. I-NHBRC iphatha oku njengenqanaba ngokwalo, kuba ukuhanjiswa kwamanzi okungalunganga konakalisa iziseko kwaye kungenisa amanzi ekhayeni. Kuhlala kushiywa kude kube yiveki yokugqibela, xa ukuhombisa ngezityalo nokubeka iipavers kungxanyiswa.

Umhlaba uthambeka usuka ekhayeni kuwo onke amacala
Iipavers neendawo eziqinileyo zithambeka zisuka eludongeni
Imijelo yophahla nemibhobho ehlayo ikhupha emijelweni okanye kwii-soakaway, hayi ngakwisiseko
Imijelo neendawo zokuphuma zikhokelela kwindawo ekhuselekileyo yokukhupha
Akukho manzi amileyo ecaleni kwesakhiwo emva kwemvula
Kwiindawo ezithambekileyo, iindonga zomhlaba ogrunjiweyo nogcwalisiweyo zikhuselekile ekukhukulisekeni

Ubungqina omele ubuthathe: iifoto zethambeka, imijelo neendawo zokuphuma, kungcono emva kwemvula, nolwakhiwo lokuhanjiswa kwamanzi esiza.

Kwenzeka Ntoni Ukuba Awuphumeleli Ukuhlolwa kwe-NHBRC?

Ukuba umsebenzi awuthobeli, i-NHBRC ikhupha isaziso sokungathobeli (notice of non-compliance) kwaye kufuneka ulungise umsebenzi uze uqinisekise ngokubhaliweyo phambi komhla wokugqibela. Abahloli banika into nganye amanqaku njengethobelayo, ehlangabezana nobuncinci, engathobeliyo, engabonakaliyo okanye engasebenziyo. Amanqaku okungathobeli abangela isaziso, kwaye i-NHBRC inokubuya izokuhlola ukulungiswa.

Inkqubo, njengoko i-NHBRC iyichaza:

Isaziso sokungathobeli: umhloli udwelisa izinto ezingaphumelelanga.
Ukulungisa: ulungisa umsebenzi kwaye uqinisekise ngokubhaliweyo ngokukhawuleza, kwaye kungadlulanga umhla okwisaziso.
Ukulandelela: i-NHBRC inokuhlola umsebenzi olungisiweyo.
Ukunyuselwa: ukuba awuthobeli okanye awuqinisekisi ngokubhaliweyo kwiintsuku ezingamashumi amathathu, i-NHBRC inokuthatha amanyathelo oqeqesho.

Amanyathelo oqeqesho anokuquka ukunqumamisa ukubhaliswa kwamakhaya akho, ukunqumamisa okanye ukurhoxisa ukubhaliswa kwamakhaya achaphazelekayo nokuxelela umnini-khaya okanye umboleki we-bond. Elo nyathelo lokugqibela linokumisa ukudluliselwa. Ukuba awuvumelani nesigqibo, siphakamise kwi-inspectorate ngokubhaliweyo. Icandelo 22 le-Housing Consumers Protection Measures Act likwabonelela ngophononongo nolamlo lwezigqibo ze-NHBRC.

Kutheni ukuhlolwa kungaphumeleli

Isizathu	Indlela yokusiphepha
Umsebenzi wakhiwe ngomzobo omdala	Lawula uhlaziyo kwaye ususe iiseti ezindala esizeni
Akukho bungqina bomsebenzi ogqunyiweyo	Thatha ifoto phambi kokuba ugalele, uplastele okanye ugqume
Izatifikethi zenjineli azikho	Zicele kwinqanaba ngalinye, hayi ekugqityweni
Isicelo senziwe emva kwexesha	Cela ukuhlolwa ukusuka kwinkqubo
Izinto ezivulekileyo ezivela kutyelelo lokugqibela	Vala sonke isaziso ngokubhaliweyo

Isishwankathelo

Ukuhlolwa kwe-NHBRC ziindawo ezine zokuhlola eziqikelelekayo, kwaye uninzi lokusilela lunokuthintelwa ngomzobo ofanelekileyo, izatifikethi ezifanelekileyo neefoto ezinemihla. Cwangcisa inqanaba ngalinye njengenqaku elibalulekileyo, cela utyelelo kwangethuba kwaye ugcine ubungqina bufayilishwe ngokweyunithi. Iirekhodi ezifanayo ziyakukhusela kamva ukuba kufika ibango lewaranti.

Yazi amanqanaba amane: isiseko, i-superstructure, ukugqitywa okusebenzayo namanzi esiphango.
Ngaphakathi kwenqanaba le-superstructure, lungiselela uhlolo lwe-wall plate nophahla phambi kokuba nantoni na igqunywe.
Lungelelanisa izatifikethi zomntu onobuchule phambi kokuba ucele utyelelo.
Vala sonke isaziso sokungathobeli ngokubhaliweyo, kwangaphakathi kweentsuku ezingamashumi amathathu.
Gcina iifoto zamanqanaba iminyaka. Iwaranti yesakhiwo iqhuba iminyaka emi-5 ukusuka ekuhlaleni.

Imibuzo Ebuzwa Rhoqo

Yintoni ukuhlolwa kwe-NHBRC?

Luhlolo lwesiza olwenziwa ngumhloli we-NHBRC kwikhaya elibhalisiweyo kwinqanaba eliphambili lolwakhiwo. Umhloli uhlola umsebenzi ngokuchasene neeplani ezivunyiweyo ne-NHBRC Technical Requirements. Ukuhlolwa luhlolo olungalindelekanga kwaye alutshintshi ulawulo lwakho lomgangatho.

Mangaphi amanqanaba okuhlolwa e-NHBRC?

I-NHBRC idwelisa amanqanaba amane aphambili: i-sub-structure (isiseko), i-superstructure, ukugqitywa okusebenzayo namanzi esiphango. Abakhi abaninzi bahlula inqanaba le-superstructure libe luhlolo lwenqanaba le-wall plate noluhlolo lwesakhiwo sophahla, ngoko bacwangcisa amanqaku angaphezu kwamane okuhlolwa kwikhaya ngalinye.

Ingaba kukho ukuhlolwa kokugqibela kwe-NHBRC phambi kokunikezela?

Amanqanaba okugqibela e-NHBRC kukugqitywa okusebenzayo namanzi esiphango. Ukuhamba kokugqibela phambi kokunikezela kuphakathi kwakho nomthengi. Sebenzisa i-snag list noluhlu lokuhlola lokunikezela kuko, kwaye ugcine amaxwebhu e-NHBRC kwipakethi yokunikezela yomthengi.

Kuthatha ixesha elingakanani ukufumana ukuhlolwa kwe-NHBRC?

I-NHBRC ithi utyelelo lwesiza kufuneka lwenzeke kwiintsuku zokusebenza ezintlanu emva kwesicelo sakho. Yakha elo xesha kwinkqubo yakho kwaye ucele ukuhlolwa ngakunye kwiintsuku ezimbalwa phambi kokuba umsebenzi ulunge.

Ndingaqhubeka ndisakha ngelixa ndilinde ukuhlolwa?

Ewe, kumsebenzi ongagqumi indawo ehlolwayo. Umzekelo, unokubeka iyunithi elandelayo ngelixa ulinde uhlolo lwesiseko. Musa ukugalela, ukuplastela okanye ukufulela phezu komsebenzi osafuna ukubonwa.

Yintoni ifomu ye-Appendix D1?

Sisatifikethi sokugqitywa esikhutshwa ngumntu onobuchule, ngokuqhelekileyo yinjineli. Siqinisekisa ukuba umntu onobuchule uwuhlolile umsebenzi ngexesha lolwakhiwo kwaye wawufumana uhambelana noyilo. Umhloli we-NHBRC uyasicela ukuqinisekisa ukuthobela.

Amanqaku anxulumeneyo: