Izinkokhelo Ezibambezelekile e-SA: Amalungelo Akho

Iningi losonkontileka baseNingizimu Afrika abehlulekayo abehluleki ngenxa yomsebenzi omubi. Baphelelwa yimali ngenkathi belinde ukukhokhelwa umsebenzi abawuqeda ezinyangeni ezedlule.

Lo mhlahlandlela uchaza amalungelo akho uma iklayenti lokwakha likhokha sekwephuzile eNingizimu Afrika. Uhlanganisa imithetho yenkokhelo ngaphansi kwezinkontileka ze-JBCC, NEC ne-GCC, inzalo enkokhelweni ephuzile, ukuthi kungani amaklayenti ekhokha sekwephuzile, ungakuvimbela kanjani nezinyathelo okufanele uzithathe uma imali isidlulelwe yisikhathi.

Kungani izinkokhelo ezibambezelekile zilimaza osonkontileka baseNingizimu Afrika

Izinkokhelo ezibambezelekile zilimaza osonkontileka baseNingizimu Afrika ngoba bakhokhela abasebenzi, izinto zokwakha nemishini amasonto ngaphambi kokuba iklayenti libakhokhele. Engeza i-retention, ngokuvamile u-5% kuya ku-10% wesitifiketi ngasinye, bese usonkontileka angathwala ingxenye enkulu yezindleko zephrojekthi ku-balance sheet yakhe. Iklayenti elilodwa elephuzayo lingamisa zonke ezinye izizinda.

Nansi indlela igebe elakheka ngayo emsebenzini wokwakha ojwayelekile:

Wenza umsebenzi phakathi nenyanga futhi ukhokhele ithimba lakho nabahlinzeki.
Uthumela isimangalo sakho senkokhelo ekupheleni kwenyanga.
I-principal agent noma i-quantity surveyor ilinganisa umsebenzi futhi ikhiphe isitifiketi senkokhelo.
Iklayenti likhokha ngaphakathi kwesikhathi esisenkontilekeni, noma kamuva.

Ngisho noma wonke umuntu egcina inkontileka, igebe kusukela ekusebenziseni imali kuya ekukhokhelweni lingaba ngamasonto ayisithupha kuya kwayisishiyagalombili. Uma isitifiketi sephuza noma iklayenti likhokha sekwephuzile, liyakhula.

I-retention yenza kube kubi kakhulu. Ephrojekthini ye-R5,000,000 ene-retention engu-10%, i-R500,000 iyabanjwa. Ingxenye ingabuya ekuqedweni okungokoqobo bese okusele kubuya ekuqedweni kokugcina, ngemva kwesikhathi sesibopho samaphutha. Uma ukuqedwa kuhlehla, nemali iyahlehla.

I-quantity surveyor ne-principal agent baphakathi nendawo yalokhu. Isilinganiso sabo nesitifiketi kuqala iwashi lenkokhelo, ngakho isitifiketi esephuzile sivame ukuba yimbangela yokuqala yenkokhelo ephuzile.

Yimiphi imibandela yenkokhelo esebenza ngaphansi kwe-JBCC, NEC ne-GCC?

Ngaphansi kwezinkontileka ze-JBCC, NEC ne-GCC, isikhathi senkokhelo, izinga lenzalo nelungelo lokumisa umsebenzi konke kuvela enkontilekeni esayiniwe ne-contract data yayo. Asikho isikhathi senkokhelo esisodwa semboni yonke eNingizimu Afrika. Amaklayenti kahulumeni anomsebenzi ohlukile wokukhokha zingakapheli izinsuku ezingama-30 kusukela ekutholeni i-invoyisi, ngaphandle uma kuvunyelwene ngokunye.

Ithebula elingezansi likhombisa ukuthi ifomu ngalinye lisebenza kanjani ngokujwayelekile. Njalo funda inguqulo yakho ne-contract data.

Ifomu lenkontileka	Ngubani oqinisekisa inkokhelo	Isikhathi senkokhelo	Inzalo yenkokhelo ephuzile	Amakhambi ayinhloko
JBCC Principal Building Agreement	I-principal agent ikhipha izitifiketi zenkokhelo zesikhashana.	Kubekwe enkontilekeni nase-contract data.	Njengoba kubekwe enkontilekeni.	Inzalo, ukumisa ngemva kwesaziso, ukunqamula, i-adjudication.
NEC4 Engineering and Construction Contract	I-Project Manager iqinisekisa osukwini ngalunye lokuhlola.	Zingakapheli amasonto amathathu kusukela osukwini lokuhlola, ngaphandle uma i-contract data isho okunye.	Inzalo ngezinga elise-contract data.	Inzalo, i-adjudication ngaphansi kwezinketho ze-W, ukunqamula.
GCC 2015 (imisebenzi ye-civil)	Unjiniyela uqinisekisa isitatimende senyanga sikasonkontileka.	Kubekwe emibandelweni nase-contract data.	Njengoba kubekwe enkontilekeni.	Inzalo, ukumisa, i-adjudication, i-arbitration.

Emsebenzini kahulumeni, i-Treasury Regulations ngaphansi kwe-Public Finance Management Act (PFMA) idinga iminyango kazwelonke neyesifundazwe ukuthi ikhokhe zingakapheli izinsuku ezingama-30 kusukela ekutholeni i-invoyisi, ngaphandle uma kuvunyelwene ngokunye. I-Municipal Finance Management Act (MFMA) inomthetho ofanayo wezinsuku ezingama-30 komasipala.

Imithethonqubo yokukhokha ngokushesha (prompt payment) ngaphansi kwe-CIDB Act nayo iphakanyisiwe. Hlola isimo sayo samanje ngaphambi kokuthembela kuyo esazisweni.

Ukuze uthole okwengeziwe ngokuthi amafomu ahluka kanjani, funda izinkontileka ze-JBCC ngokumelene ne-NEC ne-GCC.

Ungakhokhisa inzalo ezinkokhelweni zokwakha eziphuzile?

Yebo, ngokuvamile ungakhokhisa inzalo enkokhelweni yokwakha ephuzile, ngezinga elisenkontilekeni yakho noma, uma inkontileka ithule, ngezinga elibekwe ngaphansi kwe-Prescribed Rate of Interest Act 55 of 1975. Lelo zinga lishicilelwa ku-Government Gazette futhi lixhunywe ku-repo rate ye-Reserve Bank, ngakho liyashintsha ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.

Inzalo iqala ngosuku inkokhelo eyayifanele ngalo kuze kube wusuku ekhokhwe ngalo. Indlela elula:

Inzalo yosuku = inani elidlulelwe yisikhathi × izinga lonyaka ÷ 365
Inzalo iyonke = inzalo yosuku × izinsuku ezidlulile

Isibonelo esichazayo. Isitifiketi se-R1,000,000 sikhokhwa sephuze ngezinsuku ezingama-45. Uma izinga elisebenzayo lingu-11% ngonyaka:

Into	Inani
Inani elidlulelwe yisikhathi	R1,000,000
Inzalo yosuku (R1,000,000 × 11% ÷ 365)	R301.37
Izinsuku ezidlulile	45
Inzalo efanele (R301.37 × 45)	R13,561.65

U-11% ungowesibonelo kuphela. Sebenzisa izinga elisenkontilekeni yakho noma izinga lamanje elibekiwe. Faka isimangalo senzalo ngokubhaliwe, nenombolo yesitifiketi nosuku eyayifanele ngalo, njalo uma inkokhelo yephuza.

Kungani amaklayenti ekhokha sekwephuzile?

Amaklayenti ngokuvamile akhokha sekwephuzile ngezizathu ezine: aphikisana nomsebenzi noma nesilinganiso, imibhalo ihamba kancane, ashoda ngemali, noma uchungechunge lwawo lokuvuma lude. Imbangela ngayinye idinga impendulo ehlukile. Ukwazi ukuthi ubhekene nayiphi kukutshela ukuthi ngabe uthumele ubufakazi, ujahe isignesha noma uzivikele ebungozini besikweletu.

Imbangela	Izimpawu ezijwayelekile	Okusizayo
Ingxabano ngekhwalithi noma isilinganiso	Izinto zisuswa esitifiketini, amaphutha aphakanyiswa sekwephuzile.	Izithombe, okufakwe kudayari yesiza, ama-variation order asayiniwe.
Imibhalo ehamba kancane	Isitifiketi sikhishwa sekwephuzile, imibhalo esekelayo engekho.	Izimangalo eziphelele, ezithunyelwe ngesikhathi, nobufakazi obusekelayo.
Ukushoda kwemali kweklayenti	Izaba, izinkokhelo zengxenye, ukulinda ukuthengisa noma ukukhishwa kwemali yasebhange.	Ukuhlolwa kwesikweletu, iziqinisekiso zenkokhelo, imijikelezo yenkokhelo emifushane.
Uchungechunge lokuvuma olude	Ukusayina okuningana, imibuzo yethimba lezezimali.	Yazi inqubo kusenesikhathi, landelela esigabeni ngasinye.

Abathuthukisi abaxhasa ukwakha ngemali ekhishwa yibhange bavame ukukhokha sekwephuzile uma i-quantity surveyor yasebhange ingakasayini. Buza ngesakhiwo sezimali ngaphambi kokusayina.

Indlela yokuvimbela izinkokhelo ezibambezelekile

Isivikelo esingcono kunazo zonke enkokhelweni ephuzile sibekwa ngaphambi kokuqala komsebenzi: imibandela ecacile yenkokhelo enkontilekeni, izimangalo eziphelele njalo ngenyanga nomkhuba ongashintshi wokulandelela. Iningi lezinkokhelo eziphuzile eziba yizingxabano laqala njengesimangalo esingaphelele noma inguquko engasayiniwe. Lezi zinyathelo zinciphisa lobo bungozi kunoma iyiphi iphrojekthi ye-JBCC, NEC noma i-GCC.

Ngaphambi kokusayina:

Hlola isikhathi senkokhelo, izinga lenzalo namalungelo okumisa ku-contract data.
Buza ukuthi iklayenti liyixhasa kanjani iphrojekthi.
Cela isiqinisekiso senkokhelo emisebenzini emikhulu noma enobungozi obukhulu.
Faka ubungozi benkokhelo entengweni yethenda yakho.

Njalo ngenyanga:

Thumela isimangalo sakho ngosuku lwenkontileka, nezilinganiso, izithombe nokufakwe kudayari yesiza.
Thola yonke inguquko ivunywe ngokubhaliwe ngaphambi kokwenza umsebenzi.
Landelela usuku lwesitifiketi nosuku lokukhokhwa kwenkokhelo kuphrojekthi ngayinye.
Landelela ezinsukwini ezimbalwa ngaphambi kosuku lokukhokhwa, hhayi ngemuva.

Uma ububanzi bomsebenzi bushintsha:

Beka intengo yenguquko futhi uyisayinise ngaphambi kokuqala komsebenzi.
Yengeze esimangalweni esilandelayo nokuvunywa kwayo kunamathiselwe.

Ngenqubo ephelele yesitifiketi, bona umhlahlandlela wesitifiketi senkokhelo se-JBCC. Ngokuhlela okubanzi, bona ukuphathwa kokugeleza kwemali ekwakheni eNingizimu Afrika.

Usalandelela izitifiketi zenkokhelo ne-retention kuspredishithi? I-Wakha iqhuba izinkokhelo zenqubekelaphambili ngaphansi kwe-JBCC, NEC ne-GCC, ama-variation order ne-cash flow command centre kusoftware eyodwa eyakhelwe abakhi baseNingizimu Afrika: bona idemo yomkhiqizo.

Kufanele wenzeni uma iklayenti likhokha sekwephuzile?

Uma iklayenti likhokha sekwephuzile, thatha izinyathelo: thumela isaziso esisemthethweni, faka isimangalo senzalo, dlulisela phezulu ngokubhaliwe, bese usebenzisa amakhambi asenkontilekeni yakho njenge-adjudication noma ukumisa. Landela inqubo yezaziso yenkontileka yakho ncamashi. Ikhambi elisetshenziswa ngaphandle kwesaziso esifanele lingakwenza wephule inkontileka. Thola iseluleko sezomthetho ngaphambi kokumisa umsebenzi.

Isinyathelo	Nini	Okufanele ukwenze
1. Isikhumbuzo	Ezinsukwini ezimbalwa ngaphambi kosuku lokukhokhwa	Qinisekisa inombolo yesitifiketi, inani nosuku lokukhokhwa.
2. Isaziso esisemthethweni	Ngosuku olulandela usuku lokukhokhwa	Isaziso esibhaliwe kuklayenti nakwi-principal agent, sicaphuna isigatshana senkontileka.
3. Isimangalo senzalo	Kanye nesaziso	Sho izinga nokuthi inzalo ibalwa kanjani.
4. Ukudlulisela phezulu	Uma kungakakhokhwa	Bhalela abaphathi abakhulu beklayenti nomlando wenkokhelo.
5. I-adjudication	Uma inani liphikiswa noma lingakhokhiwe	Dlulisela ingxabano ngaphansi kwesigatshana se-adjudication senkontileka yakho.
6. Ukumisa	Kuphela uma inkontileka ikuvumela	Nikeza isaziso esibhaliwe esidingekayo, bese umisa futhi ubhale izinsuku.

Isaziso esisemthethweni. Sebenzisa umugqa wesihloko ocacile, njengokuthi “Inkokhelo edlulelwe yisikhathi, isitifiketi 7”. Caphuna inkontileka, isitifiketi, inani, usuku lokukhokhwa nezinsuku ezidlulile. Gcina ikhophi nobufakazi bokulethwa.

I-adjudication. I-JBCC, NEC ne-GCC zonke zihlinzekela i-adjudication. Isinqumo se-adjudicator ngokuvamile siyabopha kuze kube siguqulwa yi-arbitration noma inkantolo, futhi izinkantolo ngokujwayelekile ziyasiphoqelela. Sishesha futhi sishibhile kunokuya enkantolo.

Ukumisa. Hlola isikhathi sesaziso nemibandela enkontilekeni yakho kuqala. Bhala usuku owamisa ngalo nosuku owaqala kabusha ngalo. Ukumisa kwengeza ingcindezi, kodwa kuphinde kumise imali yakho engenayo, ngakho kusebenzise ngokucophelela.

Kungani amaspredishithi ehluleka ukulandelela izinkokhelo

Amaspredishithi ayehluleka ukulandelela izinkokhelo zokwakha ngoba awazi ukuthi yisiphi isitifiketi esifanele, yisiphi esidlulelwe yisikhathi noma iyiphi i-retention esilungele ukukhululwa. Uma iklayenti libuza ngomugqa othile, ubufakazi busemaimeyilini, ku-WhatsApp nasephepheni. Isikhathi esichithwa sibufuna yisikhathi imali ehlala ngaso ku-akhawunti yeklayenti.

Izinkinga ezivamile:

Izitifiketi zakhiwe kumafayela ahlukene ephrojekthi ngayinye, namaphutha amafomula.
Asikho isexwayiso uma inkokhelo idlula usuku lwayo lokukhokhwa.
Amanani e-retention alandelelwa ngesandla.
Ukuvunywa kwezinguquko nezithombe zesiza kugcinwe kwenye indawo.

Isixazululo yirekhodi elilodwa ngephrojekthi ngayinye elixhumanisa isimangalo, isitifiketi, izinguquko, i-retention nobufakazi, nezinsuku zokukhokhwa ongazibona kuzo zonke izizinda.

Isiphetho

Inkokhelo ephuzile iyinkinga yenkontileka ngaphambi kokuba ibe yinkinga yemali. Yazi isikhathi senkokhelo, izinga lenzalo namakhambi asenkontilekeni yakho ye-contract data. Thumela izimangalo eziphelele ngesikhathi, sayinisa izinguquko kuqala, futhi uthathe isinyathelo ngosuku olulandela usuku inkokhelo eyayifanele ngalo. Osonkontileka abalandelela kusenesikhathi nangokubhaliwe bakhokhelwa ngokushesha.

Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa

Iyini inkokhelo ebambezelekile ekwakheni?

Inkokhelo ebambezelekile yinoma yiliphi inani eliqinisekisiwe noma elifanele ngaphansi kwenkontileka yokwakha iklayenti elingakalikhokhi ngosuku olusenkontilekeni. ENingizimu Afrika, lolo suku luvela ku-contract data ye-JBCC, NEC noma i-GCC. Uma inkokhelo isiphuzile, usonkontileka ngokuvamile angafaka isimangalo senzalo futhi asebenzise amakhambi enkontileka.

Siyini isikhathi senkokhelo esinengqondo somsebenzi wokwakha eNingizimu Afrika?

Asikho isikhathi esisodwa esisemthethweni somsebenzi ozimele, ngakho kusebenza isikhathi esisenkontilekeni yakho esayiniwe. Amaklayenti kahulumeni ngokujwayelekile kufanele akhokhe zingakapheli izinsuku ezingama-30 kusukela ekutholeni i-invoyisi ngaphansi kwe-PFMA Treasury Regulations ne-MFMA, ngaphandle uma kuvunyelwene ngokunye. Hlola i-contract data yakho ngaphambi kokusayina futhi ufake noma yisiphi isikhathi senkokhelo eside entengweni yethenda yakho.

Ngingakhokhisa inzalo ezinkokhelweni eziphuzile?

Ngokuvamile, yebo. Inkontileka yakho ibeka izinga lenzalo. Uma ithule, izinga elingaphansi kwe-Prescribed Rate of Interest Act 55 of 1975 ngokuvamile liyasebenza. Lelo zinga lixhunywe ku-repo rate futhi liyashintsha ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Bala inzalo kusukela osukwini lokukhokhwa kuya osukwini lwenkokhelo futhi ufake isimangalo ngokubhaliwe.

Kufanele ngenzeni uma iklayenti liphikisana nesitifiketi senkokhelo?

Cela izinto eziphikiswayo ngokubhaliwe, futhi ucele iklayenti ukuthi likhokhe ingxenye engaphikiswa ngenkathi okusele kuxazululwa. Phendula umbuzo ngamunye ngezilinganiso, izithombe, okufakwe kudayari yesiza nezinguquko ezisayiniwe. Uma ingxabano ingaxazululwa, yidlulisele ku-adjudication ngaphansi kwesigatshana sokuxazulula izingxabano senkontileka yakho.

Usonkontileka angawumisa umsebenzi uma engakhokhelwanga eNingizimu Afrika?

Kuphela uma inkontileka ikuvumela futhi ulandela inqubo yayo yezaziso. Izinguqulo eziningi ze-JBCC ne-GCC zinikeza usonkontileka ilungelo lokumisa ngemva kwesaziso uma inkokhelo ingenziwanga. Hlola inguqulo yakho. I-NEC ithembele kakhulu enzalweni, ku-adjudication nasekunqamuleni. Ukumisa ngaphandle kwelungelo lenkontileka kungakwenza wephule inkontileka, ngakho thola iseluleko sezomthetho kuqala.

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